This study aimed to investigate the contributory role of histogram-based textural features (HBTFs) extracted from ¹⁸fluorinefluorodeoxyglucose (¹⁸F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in tumoral heterogeneity (TH) evaluation and invasive lung adenocarcinoma (ILA) prognosis prediction. This retrospective study analyzed the data of 72 patients with ILA who underwent ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT followed by surgical resection. The maximum standardized uptake value (SUV_max), metabolic tumor volume, and total lesion glycolysis values were calculated for each tumor. Additionally, HBTFs were extracted from ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT images using the software program. ILA was classified into the following five histopathological subtypes according to the predominant pattern: Lepidic adenocarcinoma (LA), acinar adenocarcinoma, papillary adenocarcinoma, solid adenocarcinoma (SA), and micropapillary adenocarcinoma (MA). Differences between ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT parameters and histopathological subtypes were evaluated using non-parametric tests. The study endpoints include overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). The prognostic values of clinicopathological factors and ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT parameters were evaluated using the Cox regression analyses. The median SUV_max and entropy values were significantly higher in SA-MA, whereas lower in LA. The median energy-uniformity value of the LA was significantly higher than the others. Among all parameters, only skewness and kurtosis were significantly associated with lymph node involvement status. The median values for follow-up time, PFS, and OS were 31.26, 16.07, and 20.87 months, respectively. The univariate Cox regression analysis showed that lymph node involvement was the only significant predictor for PFS. The multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that higher SUV_max (≥11.69) and advanced stage (IIB-IIIA) were significantly associated with poorer OS [hazard ratio (HR): 3.580, p=0.024 and HR: 7.608, p=0.007, respectively]. HBTFs were tightly associated with clinicopathological factors causing TH. Among the ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT parameters, only skewness and kurtosis were associated with lymph node involvement, whereas SUV_max was the only independent predictor of OS. TH measurement with HBTFs may contribute to conventional metabolic parameters in guiding precision medicine for ILA.

Objective : We conducted this study with the aim of predicting the biological behavior of meningiomas, and determining the benefits of associating histological subtype and grade with the expression of proliferative markers and tumor suppressor proteins.Methods : The study included 29 patients with primary intracranial and intraspinal meningioma diagnosed in the pathology laboratory of Konya City Hospital between January 2014 and December 2020. Clinicopathological characteristics of the patients including parameters such as age and gender were obtained from the hospital records. Histopathological findings were obtained by re-evaluating the preparations stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin, which were extracted from the archive, and by evaluating new sections obtained from paraffin blocks of patients stained with Ki67, p53, and p57 immunohistochemical stains.Results : A moderate correlation was found between tumor size and Ki67 proliferation index (PI) (p=0.003, r=0.530). There was no significant difference between grade I and grade II tumors in terms of p53 (p=0.184) and p57 (p=0.487) expressions. There were higher levels of Ki67 PI in grade II tumors. The histological subtypes of the tumor had no significant difference with Ki67 PI (p=0.018), p53 (p=0.662), and p57 (p=0.368) expressions.Conclusion : In order to obtain more definitive results, there is a need for studies, which are conducted with a greater number of patients and in multiple centers, and in which a long prospective follow-up is planned. The combination of histological, surgical, and imaging markers could make a more sensitive tool for predicting recurrence, and this could also be tested in future studies.

This study investigates the relationship between ¹⁸fluoride-fluorodeoxyglucose (¹⁸F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) parameters and histopathological features in patients with early-stage invasive ductal breast carcinoma (IDBC). Patients with early-stage IDBC who underwent ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT scan for staging were included in this retrospective study. The status of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2, Ki-67 proliferative index, and grades of tumors were recorded. The conventional metabolic parameters [maximum standard uptake value (SUV_max) and average standard uptake value] and volume-based parameters [metabolic tumor volume (MTV) and total lesion glycolysis] of the primary tumor were obtained from the ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT images. The associations and correlations between the ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT parameters and histopathological features were assessed. One hundred forty-three patients were included. ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT parameters, other than MTV, were significantly associated with the ER and PR status and Ki-67 index, while T-staging was significantly associated with all ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT parameters. In the axillary lymph node (ALN) involvement, no significant difference was found in the ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT parameters. In terms of the pathological stage, a significant difference was found in all ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT parameters. ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT parameters, other than MTV, were significantly higher in non-luminal breast tumors than luminal tumors and in high-grade tumors than low-grade ones. Triple-negative tumors had the highest ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT parameter, but the difference was insignificant for MTV. The SUV_max had the strongest correlation with Ki-67 proliferative index. Tumors with aggressive histopathological features had higher ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT parameter values. This study suggests that ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT may provide prognostic information in patients with early-stage IDBC.

To evaluate the results of loop electrosurgical excisional procedures (LEEP) of 579 patients who presented to our hospital for vaginal smears between 2015 and 2020. The LEEP reports of 579 patients who presented to our gynecology clinic between January 2015 and December 2020 were retrospectively evaluated. The data were obtained from electronic patient records and the Medical Pathology Department archives. The mean age of the patients was 38.05+6.17 years. Colposcopy-guided biopsy was not taken from 102 patients. The results of the remaining 477 patients were as follows: no dysplasia (n=12; 2.1%), CIN-I (n=99; 17.1%), CIN -II (n=111; 19.2%), CIN-III (n=248; 42.8%), and cancer (n=7; 1.2%). Completed excision was performed in 87.0% of the patients using LEEP, the lesion was positive at the surgical margins in 10.9%, and the lesion could not be completely excised in 2.1%. The complication rate after LEEP was 3.1% (pelvic pain, n=5; 0.9% and bleeding, n=13; 2%). The histopathologic results of LEEP were as follows: benign (n=50; 8.6%), CIN-I (n=110; 19.0%), CIN -II (n=89; 15.4%), CIN-III (n= 280; 48.4%), cancer (n=7; 1.2%), and metaplasia (n=37; 6.4%). The concordance between colposcopic biopsy and LEEP results was observed as 85.9% for CIN-I, 71.2% for CIN-II, 98.4% for CIN-III, and 85.7% for cancer diagnoses. LEEP is a simple minimally invasive method used in the treatment of CIN, with low persistence, recurrence, and complication rates and increased HPV clearance in most patients. Our results support the consistency of cervical colposcopic biopsy and LEEP results.

Hemangiomas are common benign vascular tumors. Primary thyroid cavernous hemangiomas are extremely rare and have been reported only as case reports in the literature. In this report, a case with thyroid cavernous hemangioma was reported. Case Report: A 45-year-old female with history of enlarging anterior neck mass referred to our clinic. Ultrasonography showed a single hypoechogenic nodule in the right lobe of the thyroid. Right hemi-thyroidectomy was performed and cavernous hemangioma was diagnosed. Conclusion: Preoperative differential diagnosis thyroid hemangioma is very difficult. Surgery should be indicated when malignancy or cavernous hemangioma is suspected or compressive symptoms developed and it provides a good prognosis.