The issues of income inequality and poverty are intrinsically linked and represent persistent global governance challenges. China faced significant hurdles, including absolute rural poverty and a widening urban–rural development gap. The “Targeted Poverty Alleviation” policy (TPA), implemented from 2014 onward, employed comprehensive measures, including household registration, industrial support, and skills training. By the end of 2020, this policy successfully eradicated absolute rural poverty under the prevailing standard, contributing a Chinese solution to global poverty reduction. Beyond addressing absolute deprivation, whether this policy has impacted relative rural poverty and urban–rural inequality remains a subject of debate in existing literature. Utilizing microdata from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) from 2014 to 2020, this study employs the Kakwani measure to measure relative deprivation levels, thereby identifying income disparities both within rural areas and between urban and rural regions. Combining empirical tools, including a Difference-in-Differences (DID) framework, Propensity Score Matching (PSM), and Entropy Balancing method, the analysis finds that the Targeted Poverty Alleviation policy significantly curbs income inequality both within rural areas and across the urban–rural divide. Further investigation reveals that this effect operates through three primary mechanisms: promoting diversified rural livelihoods, improving incomes for impoverished households, and bridging knowledge and information gaps. Heterogeneity analysis indicates that the inequality-reducing effect of the policy is more pronounced in non-major grain-producing regions, low-income provinces, and among vulnerable groups such as the elderly, low-income individuals, and women. This study addresses the lack of detailed micro-level measurement, deepens the explanatory analysis of mechanisms and heterogeneity, and provides a basis for formulating differentiated policies in line with the vision of common prosperity.

Dynamic drone delivery requires rules for retaining and revising released plans. We specify a closed-loop architecture separating ordinary replanning access, assignment-change penalties, and shared safety intervention, while explicitly identifying closed-gate task filling. Three role-differentiated drones and a mobile support platform are evaluated using demand and weather proxies on all 88 eligible holdout dates. Four policies cross always-open or event-gated access with fixed or adaptive inertia. A paired NoFill intervention removes ordinary closed-gate filling without disabling planned execution or safety checks. Full factorial effects and calendar-block uncertainty replace the original selected-contrast, independent-date analysis. With fixed inertia, the Original event-gated policy increases completion by 5.806 percentage points (seven-day block 95% interval: 4.016 to 7.601) but increases flight energy by 10.414 Wh per completed order. Without filling, its completion difference is −3.431 points (−5.187 to −2.005). Ordinary planning access and assignment changes remain lower. Incremental adaptive-inertia benefits under event-gated access are unresolved. The results identify a conditional architectural trade-off, not a pure replanning-frequency benefit. The fixed simulation window, transferred physical inputs, and unmodelled operational constraints limit inference beyond this setting.

Against the strategic backdrop of China’s efforts to advance the deep integration of culture and tourism, intangible cultural heritage (ICH) has become an important vehicle for cultural preservation and market-oriented revitalization. However, ICH products often exhibit a structural supply–demand mismatch—commonly characterized as “widely praised but poorly purchased”—which makes consumption a natural focal point of inquiry. Based on the stimulus–organism–response (SOR) theoretical framework, this study draws on 622 valid responses from a survey of permanent residents in Sichuan Province. Employing binary logit regression, placebo tests, moderation models, and subgroup regressions, this study systematically examines the factors associated with purchase decisions regarding ICH products, and the mechanisms through which ICH awareness, value label, tourism experience, and social-media use affect those decisions. The results show that (1) ICH awareness and value labels are the most robust and statistically significant correlates of purchase decisions. Once awareness and value perception are controlled for, cultural-tourism travel and consumption stimuli are no longer statistically significantly associated with purchase decisions. (2) The association between cultural-tourism travel and purchase decisions is stronger among respondents reporting satisfactory tourism experiences, and the association between ICH awareness and purchasing is stronger among active social-media users. Together, these conditions appear relevant to the translation of cultural interest into consumption. (3) The logic underlying purchase decisions exhibits pronounced differences across income, age, education, and gender groups. Among high-income consumers the significant associations are concentrated in cultural-tourism experiences and in-depth awareness, whereas among low-income consumers they are concentrated in value-based cues. Among younger consumers, particularly those born after 2000, the strongest association is the one with ICH awareness; among women, it is likewise the one with affective identification rooted in cognitive awareness. These findings suggest that policies designed to promote ICH consumption should prioritize systematic public-awareness initiatives and value-narrative marketing rather than relying solely on short-term price subsidies. They should also adopt differentiated strategies tailored to different consumer segments.