Polyphenol compounds present in high quantity in wines are well-known to have potent cardio-protective properties through several biological mechanisms including antioxidant activity. A large number of methods have been developed for evaluating the antioxidant capacity of food matrices. Most of them have, however, the disadvantage of being time consuming and require specific analytical protocols and devices. In the present study, we present the electrochemical PAOT (Pouvoir Antioxydant Total)-Liquid^® Technology which can be easily used by winemakers for evaluating antioxidant activity of wine during all steps of making process. The methodology is based on the measurement of electric potential variation resulting from chemical reactions between wine polyphenols and a free radical mediator M^• as source of oxidants. Total antioxidant activity as estimated by the PAOT-Liquid^® activity was 6.8 fold higher in red wines (n = 14) when compared to rosé (n = 3) and white (n = 3) wines bought in a commercial market. Moreover, PAOT-Liquid^® activity was highly correlated with total polyphenols content (TPC) of all wines (r = 0.9540, p < 0.0001) and the classical DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryhydrazyl) assay which is often used for evaluating antioxidant capacity of food matrices (r = 0.9102, p < 0.0001).

For the purpose of human disease prevention, several methods have been developed, and are still developing, to assess the oxidative stress status (OSS) of individuals. In the present paper, we describe an approach based on electrochemical detection able to evaluate skin oxidative stress status (SOSS) as a PAOT (Pouvoir AntiOxydant Total)-Skin Score^®. Normal reference values for the PAOT-Skin Score^® were: 0–62.94 (n = 263). Intra- and inter-assay coefficients of variation were, respectively, 12.47 ± 4.29% and 7.0 ± 2.5%. Our technology showed increased skin antioxidant activity following topical application of reduced coeznyme Q₁₀ cream or vitamin C intake as orange juice or supplements. Moreover, we found significant correlations between some blood oxidative stress biomarkers and the PAOT-Skin Score^® (γ-tocopherol/α-tocopherol ratio (r = 0.43, p = 0.020); copper (r = −0.42, p = 0.022); copper/zinc ratio (r = −0.49, p = 0.006), and lipid peroxides (r = −0.43, p = 0.002)). In addition to being non–invasive, the present electrochemical methodology is also not expensive, fast, and easy to use.

Background: Oxidative stress (OS) could cause various COVID-19 complications. Recently, we have developed the Pouvoir AntiOxydant Total (PAOT®) technology for reflecting the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of biological samples. We aimed to investigate systemic oxidative stress status (OSS) and to evaluate the utility of PAOT® for assessing TAC during the recovery phase in critical COVID-19 patients in a rehabilitation facility. Materials and Methods: In a total of 12 critical COVID-19 patients in rehabilitation, 19 plasma OSS biomarkers were measured: antioxidants, TAC, trace elements, oxidative damage to lipids, and inflammatory biomarkers. TAC level was measured in plasma, saliva, skin, and urine, using PAOT and expressed as PAOT-Plasma, -Saliva, -Skin, and -Urine scores, respectively. Plasma OSS biomarker levels were compared with levels from previous studies on hospitalized COVID-19 patients and with the reference population. Correlations between four PAOT scores and plasma OSS biomarker levels were analyzed. Results: During the recovery phase, plasma levels in antioxidants (γ-tocopherol, β-carotene, total glutathione, vitamin C and thiol proteins) were significantly lower than reference intervals, whereas total hydroperoxides and myeloperoxidase (a marker of inflammation) were significantly higher. Copper negatively correlated with total hydroperoxides (r = 0.95, p = 0.001). A similar, deeply modified OSS was already observed in COVID-19 patients hospitalized in an intensive care unit. TAC evaluated in saliva, urine, and skin correlated negatively with copper and with plasma total hydroperoxides. To conclude, the systemic OSS, determined using a large number of biomarkers, was always significantly increased in cured COVID-19 patients during their recovery phase. The less costly evaluation of TAC using an electrochemical method could potentially represent a good alternative to the individual analysis of biomarkers linked to pro-oxidants.

Oxidative stress accelerates skin aging by causing damage to DNA, lipids and proteins in skin cells. Exacerbated by environmental factors such as UV rays, pollution and smoking, it leads to loss of elasticity, the appearance of wrinkles, cutaneous dryness, pigmentation spots and a general weakening of the skin's natural defenses. These changes, accumulated over time, are responsible for premature or accelerated aging. Against this backdrop, PAOTScan is an innovative, non-invasive technology for assessing the oxidative state of the skin in real time. The device is based on a patch equipped with microelectrodes and an electrochemical gel. It provides two essential scores: the PAOTScore, which measures the skin's Total Antioxidant Power to neutralize free radicals, and the POTScore (Total Oxidant Power), which quantifies the level of oxidants. These data provide a detailed analysis of the skin's redox balance, enabling early detection of imbalances responsible for premature aging. The PAOTScan not only measures the speed of skin ageing, but also enables prevention and treatment strategies to be adapted. It is therefore an invaluable tool in dermatology and dermato-cosmetics, making it easier to monitor the effectiveness of anti-aging interventions and helping to preserve the skin's health and youthfulness.

Potential relationship with the flavan-3-ols content of bean-to-bar chocolate and the endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation activity.