Amaç: COVİD- 19 ilk kez Wuhan’da bir hastada izole edilen ve tanımlanan Şiddetli Akut Solunum Sendromu Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virüs enfeksiyonun sonucudur. Viral patogenez henüz tam olarak bilinmiyor olmakla birlikte, viral enfeksiyonun hava yolu epitel hücrelerine ve alveoler hücrelere sitopatik olduğu düşünülmektedir. Ayrıca SARS-COV’a benzer şekilde immün aracılı hasar da COVİD- 19’un patogenezinde kritik rol oynadığı düşünülmektedir. Çoğu hastada hastalık hafif–orta düzeyde semptomlarla seyreder. En sık bulgular; ateş, kuru öksürük, kırgınlık, baş ağrısı, boğaz ağrısı ve miyaljiyi içeren üst solunum yolu enfeksiyonu bulgularıdır. Hastaların %20’si ağır akciğer hasarı bulguları gösterir. COVİD- 19’da tanıda Polimeraz Zincir Reaksiyonu (PCR), serolojik inceleme, görüntüleme metodları ve rutin laboratuvar tetkikleri kullanılır. COVİD-19 tanısına yönelik laboratuvar parametrelerinin belirlenmesinin şüpheli vakaların tanınması, erken izolasyonu ve erken tedavisine yardımcı olacağı düşünülmektedir. Bu nedenle, hasta ve sağlıklı kontrol gruplarında tam kan sayımı ve biyokimyasal parametreler değerlendirilmesi amaçlandı. Materyal ve Metot: Çalışmaya COVİD-19 polikliniğine erken evre şikayetlerle başvuran, PCR testi pozitif olan 50 hasta ve 50 sağlıklı birey dahil edildi. Biyokimyasal parametreler retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. İstatistik analiz; SPSS Statistics (IBM Corporation, Somers, NY) yazılımının 17. sürülümü ile yapıldı. Bulgular: Lenfosit sayısı, monosit sayısı ve CRP parametreleri açısından hasta ve kontrol grubu arasında anlamlı farklılık bulundu. Lenfosit sayısı hasta grubunda daha düşük seyrederken, monosit sayısı ve CRP düzeylerinin daha yüksek olduğu belirlendi. Sonuç: Elde ettiğimiz veriler doğrultusunda; hafif semptomlarla başvuran hastalarda özellikle lenfosit ve monosit sayısı, CRP değerlerinin tanı ve hastaların takibi açısından destek sağlayabileceği değerlendirilmektedir.

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) success relies on timely engraftment and immune reconstitution. While neutrophil and platelet recovery are w

Background/Objectives: Coronary artery disease is a chronic inflammatory disorder characterized by progressive atherosclerosis and heterogeneous clinical presentations ranging from acute coronary events to stable ischemic conditions. Galectin-3 is a β-galactoside-binding lectin involved in inflammatory responses, fibrosis, and tissue remodeling, and has been investigated as a potential biomarker in cardiovascular diseases. However, its diagnostic significance across different clinical stages of coronary artery disease remains unclear. Methods: This prospective study included 180 participants who underwent coronary angiography and were classified into three groups: control (n = 60), acute coronary syndrome (n = 60), and chronic coronary syndrome (n = 60). Serum Galectin-3 concentrations were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Group comparisons were performed using non-parametric statistical tests. Correlation analysis, receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, and multivariable logistic regression were conducted to evaluate diagnostic performance and independent associations. Results: Galectin-3 concentrations were significantly higher in both acute coronary syndrome and chronic coronary syndrome groups compared with the control group (p < 0.001), whereas no significant difference was observed between the two disease groups. Receiver operating characteristic analysis demonstrated limited diagnostic performance for identifying acute coronary syndrome (area under the curve 0.617, sensitivity 96.7%, specificity 43.3%, p = 0.027) and poor diagnostic performance for chronic coronary syndrome (area under the curve 0.541, sensitivity 91.7%, specificity 30.0%, p = 0.436). In multivariable analysis, Galectin-3 was not identified as an independent predictor of either clinical condition. Age and smoking were independently associated with acute coronary syndrome, while age and male sex were independently associated with chronic coronary syndrome. Conclusions: Galectin-3 levels are elevated in patients with coronary artery disease and appear to reflect the inflammatory burden associated with atherosclerosis. However, its diagnostic discrimination between different clinical stages of coronary artery disease remains limited. Larger prospective studies are required to clarify its clinical value.

Objectives: Hereditary spherocytosis (HS) is the most common congenital hemolytic anemia in Northern Europe and North America. Damaged or deficient proteins in the erythrocyte membrane cause the condition, leading to a decrease in the surface area and volume of erythrocytes. Specialists traditionally use the osmotic fragility test (C-OF) for diagnosis. Researchers have developed new methods for flow cytometry-based tests that are the eosin-5-maleimide binding (EMA) and osmotic fragility (FC-OF) tests. In this study, we aimed to determine and compare the power of discrimination of FC-OF, EMA, and C-OF tests. Another purpose is to investigate the effect of incubation. Methods: We performed both real-time and incubated C-OF, EMA, and FC-OF on 20 patients diagnosed with HS and 30 healthy controls. We diagnosed HS based on family history, spherocytes, and clinical and lab findings. Results: We found that the success of all tests in the classification was statistically significant (p<0.001). The discriminatory power of C-OF was not different from that of EMA and FC-OF. FC-OF discriminated better than EMA. Incubation increased C-OF performance and decreased EMA and FC-OF performance. Conclusions: We think FC-OF should be preferred. Because it has higher discrimination power, specificity, and sensitivity. It gives faster results, costs less, and needs less labor. The lack of flow cytometer devices in every center is the biggest handicap of FC-OF and EMA. But we think that the FC-OF method can be adapted to hemogram devices available in every center in the future.

Multiple Miyelom (MM) kemik iliğindeki plazma hücrelerinin üretimini etkileyen bir kanser türüdür. B hücrelerinin farklılaşması sonucu oluşan, immunglobulin (antikor) üreten plazma hücreleri miyelom hücresine dönüşünce, antikor yerine monoklonal protein (M-protein) üretirler. Miyeloma hücreleri genellikle CD45 ekspresyonu göstermezler. Bu makalede akım sitometrik immünfenotipleme çalışmasında CD45(+) ve CD45(-) hücreleri birlikte taşıyan bir multiple miyelom vakası sunulmaktadır.

OBJECTIVE: Although many genes associated with prostate cancer have been identified, there are still many cases of prostate cancer whose genetics have not been identified. The urokinase-type plasminogen activator gene is thought to play a key role in cancer invasion and metastasis. The Pro141Leu polymorphism may be involved in the development of prostate cancer, although genetic evidence is lacking.