Objective: Natural products from medicinal plants, either as pure compounds or as standardized extracts, provide un-limited opportunities for new drug leads because of the unmatched availability of chemical diversity. The objects of the study were the medicinal plant raw materials Saussurea sordida Kar&Kir and Saussurea alpina DC. collected from southern Kazakhstan during the flowering period in the spring-summer months of 2021. experimental and theoretical substantiation of the technology for obtaining phytosubstances S. sordida, S. alpina and their study of antioxidant activity. Methods: Identification of functional groups was performed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The component composition of extracts of two types of medicinal plant raw materials was studied using gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection. Results: The present study aimed to analyze the bioactive constituents of the plants S. sordida and S. alpina. The ethanol extracts were subjected to phytochemical screening and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Phytochemical screening of the extract revealed the presence of phenolic compounds. FT-IR spectroscopic analysis revealed various characteristic bands corresponding to various functional groups, such as amines, alcohols, phenols, alkanes, alkenes, and conjugated acids, in the formulation extract. FT-IR analysis of peak values for various functional compounds, such as alcohols, phenols, carboxylic acids, aldehydes, amides, amino acids, anhydrides, esters, ketones, unsaturated aliphatic, aromatics, unsaturated heterocycles, amines, nitro compounds, alkanes, alkenes and sugars. For the first time, the compositions of petroleum ether extracts from medical plants, such as Saussurea sordida and Saussurea alpine, were investigated through GC‒MS analysis. The antioxidant activity of the medicinal plants showed that the S. alpine extract had greater activity than the S. sordida extracts according to both methods (the content of antioxidants was measured in terms of quercetin and gallic acid). Conclusion: According to the results of our study, the biologically active substances of this plant relative have an antioxidant effect due to the presence of phenolic compounds in their composition.

ФИТОХИМИЧЕСКОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ПЛОДОВ И ЭКСТРАКТОВ МАКЛЮРЫ

Natural products from medicinal plants, either as pure compounds or as standardized extracts, provide unlimited opportunities for new drug leads because of the unmatched availability of chemical diversity. The objects of the study are medicinal plant raw materials Saussurea sordida Kar&Kir and Saussurea alpina DC. collected from South Kazakhstan during the flowering period in the spring-summer months of 2021. The present study was aimed to investigate the toxic effects acute administration of ethanol extracts from plants S. sordida and S. alpina in male Wistar rats. The ethanol extract by subjected to Phytochemical Screening, Fourier transform infrared spec-troscopy (FTIR) analysis. Phytochemical screening of the extract revealed the presence of phenolic compounds. FT-IR spectroscopic analysis revealed various characteristic band values with various functional groups in the formulation extract such as amines, alcohol, phenol, alkane, alkene, and conjugated acid groups. FT-IR analysis of peak values with various functional compounds such as alcohols, phenols, carboxylic acids, aldehydes, amides, amino acids, anhydrides, esters, ketones, unsaturated aliphatic, aromatics, unsaturated heterocycles, amines, nitro compound, alkanes, al-kenes and sugars. Histological examination of organ samples after studying the chronic toxicity of ex-tracts of two plant species (S. sordida . and S. alpina) revealed no pathological changes. The acute toxicity study revealed no lethal effects and behavioral signs of toxicity at the tested doses indicating that LD50 is greater than 2000 mg/kg. These results show low toxicity of on short-term use and liver toxicity on long-term use. This study helps to predict the formula and structure of active molecules which can be used as medicinal drugs. This result also enhances the traditional usage of S. sordida and S. alpina , which possesses a number of bioactive compounds.