Background: Hormone receptor-positive (HR+), Human Epidermal growth factor Receptor 2 (HER2-negative) metastatic breast cancer (MBC) represents a substantial proportion of breast cancer cases in Saudi Arabia. Despite the established efficacy of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) inhibitors, particularly Palbociclib, in randomized control trials, real-world data from local institutions in Saudi Arabia remain limited. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and toxicity profile among HR+, HER2-negative MBC female patients treated with Palbociclib at King Fahad Medical City (KFMC). Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on female patients with HR+/HER2-negative MBC treated with oral palbociclib combined with endocrine therapy (ET) at KFMC between January 2021 and September 2024. Data were collected from electronic health records. Descriptive statistics were conducted using mean for continuous variables and frequency for categorical variables. Survival analyses were conducted using Cox regression, log-rank tests and Kaplan–Meier analysis. Results: A total of 169 female patients with HR+/HER2− MBC were included. In the first-line setting, the median PFS was 20.14 months (95% CI: 14.65–30.49), compared with 11.3 months (95% CI: 7.98–not estimable) in the second-line setting. For OS, the median OS values were 53.1 months (95% CI: 41.2–not estimable) in the first-line group and 23.7 months (95% CI: 18.5–not estimable) in the second-line group. Significant predictors of shorter PFS included age, Body Mass Index (BMI), type of ET, cancer type, line of therapy, family history of cancer, and history of VTE. Visceral metastasis (HR = 3.087; p = 0.0229) and ECOG performance status of 4 (HR = 13.86; p = 0.0156) were associated with significantly shorter OS. The most common hematological adverse events (AEs) were neutropenia (45.6%), followed by anemia (5.9%), leukopenia (5.3%), and back pain (5.3%). Most toxicities were managed with dose reduction, holding treatment, or supportive care. Conclusions: Palbociclib demonstrated favorable survival outcomes and a manageable safety profile, with neutropenia being the most common AE. This study provides region-specific real-world evidence supporting the use of Palbociclib in HR+/HER2− MBC. These findings align with global trial data and highlight the importance of individualized treatment in clinical practice.

Hypertension (HTN) is common among young adults, but often undiagnosed. Early diagnosis and management are crucial to prevent cardiovascular events. However, young adults are less aware of their HTN and are diagnosed less frequently. This study aims to identify adults aged 18–40 in Iowa with high blood pressure (HBP) and determine the percentage diagnosed with HTN and associated risk factors. This retrospective observational study analyzed electronic health records from the University of Iowa Healthcare outpatient, inpatient, and emergency departments between 2016 and 2022. We included adults aged 18–40 with at least three elevated BP readings (systolic ≥140 or diastolic ≥90). Patients were followed for 2 years to identify those diagnosed with HTN. Summary statistics were calculated, and a Cox regression model assessed the time to HTN diagnosis. We identified 22,299 adults with at least three HBP readings. Among 7,523 young adults with at least three elevated BP readings, only 17.4% received a HTN diagnosis within 2 years. Most diagnoses occurred in outpatient (57.2%), followed by emergency (24%) and inpatient (17.5%) settings. Young adults had a significantly longer time to diagnosis than older populations. Young males, African Americans, Hispanics, patients with diabetes or dyslipidemia, and patients with more healthcare visits had shorter times to diagnosis. In conclusion, 7,523 out of 22,299 (33.7%) patients with HBP were young adults, with only 17.4% diagnosed with HTN within 2 years. The low diagnosis rate is concerning, given the potential for long‐term cardiovascular complications. Improved screening protocols and targeted interventions are needed to address age‐related underdiagnosis.