The healthcare burden of osteomyelitis is increasing. Postoperative and posttraumatic osteomyelitis account for 80% of all cases of osteomyelitis. The aim of this study was to find risk factors for postoperative osteomyelitis in Kazakhstan. We included 245 patients admitted to the National Scientific Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics from 2018 to 2020. Cases were matched with controls in a 1:4 ratio. Exact matching was performed by gender, ICD-10, and ICD-9 codes. The main variables included socio-demographics, diagnosis at admission, characteristics of fractures, comorbidities, complications, hospitalization milestones, and osteomyelitis characteristics. Descriptive analyses, along with bivariate analysis and multivariate conditional logistic regression, were performed. Open fracture (adjOR = 6.25; 95%CI 1.64–23.79), the presence of complications of initial fracture (adjOR = 3.46, 95%CI 1.13–10.56), comminuted fracture form (adjOR = 1.87; 95%CI 0.73–4.75), a positive history of diabetes or blood glucose >7 g/L (adjOR = 4.25; 95%CI 1.26–14.3), incision or wound length of more than 10 cm (adjOR = 6.53; 95%CI 1.1–38.6), additional implanted medical item (adjOR = 1.23; 95% CI 1.1–1.47), and unemployment or being retired (adjOR = 4.21; 95%CI 1.74–10.18) were found to be significant predictors of postoperative osteomyelitis. Almost all our findings are concordant with previous studies, except for the type of fracture. Different authors report conflicting results on the latter potential risk factor. Therefore, prospective studies on this issue are required.

Introduction: In recent years, the concept of sagittal trunk balance in patients with spinal deformity has been significantly developed. The main disorders in the sagittal plane are decreased thoracic kyphosis, compensatory decrease in lumbar and cervical lordosis, and negative sagittal balance. However, these issues remain insufficiently studied in the literature. Objective: To show, analyze and clarify the effect of surgical correction of spinal deformity in adolescents with severe forms of idiopathic thoracic scoliosis on the parameters of sagittal balance, outcomes and efficiency of surgical treatment for sagittal balance. Materials and methods: Patients with idiopathic thoracic scoliosis (Lenke types 1–3) aged 12–17 years underwent discapophysectomy at the apex of the main curve, intraoperative halo traction, and posterior multi-support metal fusion with stabilization in one session. All operations were performed at the G.I. Turner National Research Medical Center between 2017 and 2025. Results: There were 5 boys (13.2%), 33 girls (86.8%) with average age of the patients was 15.0 ± 1.3 years. Main thoracic curves ranged from 80° to 140° according to Cobb (average—102.8°). A positive correlation of moderate strength was revealed between the values of TK and SVA (Spearman correlation coefficient 0.33, p < 0.05), a negative correlation of moderate strength between the values of TK and SSA (Spearman correlation coefficient −0.31, p < 0.05). Conclusion: Discapophysectomy at the apex of the main curvature, intraoperative halo traction, and correction of deformity with a posterior multi-support metal spinal fusion and stabilization in one surgical session contributed to achieving normal global and regional parameters of sagittal balance in adolescent patients with severe forms of idiopathic thoracic scoliosis.