To investigate the topographic measurements and densitometry of corneas in Wilson’s disease (WD) patients with or without a Kayser-Fleischer ring (KF-r) compared to healthy individuals. This cross-sectional study included 20 WD patients without a KF-r (group I), 18 WD patients with a KF-r (group II), and 20 age-matched controls (group III). The Pentacam high resolution imaging system is used to determine corneal topographic measurements and densitometry. Mean age for groups I, II and III was 25.40 ± 6.43 years (14–36 years), 25.38 ± 6.96 years (16–39 years), 23.60 ± 6.56 years (17–35 years), respectively (P = 0.623). There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of the anterior corneal densitometry values (P > 0.05), while the 6–10 mm and 10–12 mm mid stroma and the 2–6 mm, 6–10 mm, and 10–12 mm posterior corneal densitometry values in group II were significantly higher than those in groups I and III (for all values, P < 0.05). However, the 10–12 mm posterior corneal densitometry values in group I were also significantly higher than those in group III (P = 0.038). The central corneal thickness (CCT), thinnest corneal thickness (tCT), and corneal volume (CV) values in groups I and II were significantly lower than those in group III (for CCT values, P = 0.011 and P = 0.009; for tCT values, P = 0.010 and P = 0.005; for CV values, P = 0.043 and P = 0.029). In WD patients with a KF-r, corneal transparency decreased in the peripheral posterior and mid stromal corneal layers; for these patients, corneal transparency may be impaired not only in the peripheral cornea but also in the paracentral cornea.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to research the relationship between types of birth and congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction. Method: The study enrolled 665 infantile patients with prediagnosis of congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction due to associated ophthalmic symptoms. Age, gender, family history, delivery type, and patient medical records were investigated. Patients were grouped and compared according to their birth type and whether it was the first birth. Results: The number of the infants with and without congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction was 227 (34.1%) and 438 (65.9%), respectively. Comparison of the congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction and non-congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction groups according to the first births showed that ratio of cesarean section was significantly higher in the congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction group than the non- congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction group (58.7% and 20.7%, respectively). Number with positive family history also was significantly higher in the congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction group. Conclusion: Cesarean section in first birth and positive family history of congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction appear to be important risk factors in the etiopathogenesis of congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of chalazion excision on corneal aberrations and corneal densitometry. Thirty-six patients with a chalazion in 1 eyelid and 40 healthy subjects were included in the study. Corneal aberration parameters of total root mean square (RMS), RMS high-order aberration (HOA), horizontal trefoil, oblique trefoil, horizontal coma, vertical coma, and spherical aberration values were measured using Scheimpflug corneal topography (Pentacam HR; Oculus Optikgeräte GmbH, Wetzler, Germany). Corneal densitometry values measured from 4 regions of the cornea (0-2, 2-6, 6-10, and 10-12 mm) and 4 corneal depths (anterior, central, posterior, and total) were recorded. Preoperative measurements of the patients (Group 1), postoperative first-month measurements (Group 2), and control group (Group 3) measurements were compared. The total RMS measurement was 1.64±0.48 μm in Group 1, 1.35±0.32 μm in Group 2, and 1.17±0.38 μm in Group 3 (Group 1-2: p=0.007, Group 1-3: p<0.001, Group 2-3: p=0.173). The mean spherical aberration value was 0.183±0.057 μm in Group 1, 0.157±0.048 μm in Group 2, and 0.144±0.050 μm in Group 3 (Group 1-2: p=0.104, Group 1-3: p=0.004, Group 2-3: p=0.781). The total corneal densitometric measurement was 15.95±1.80 gray scale units (GSU) in Group 1, 14.76±1.76 GSU in Group 2, and 14.33±1.49 GSU in Group 3 (Group 1-2: p=0.01, Group 1-3: p<0.001, Group 2-3: p=0.804). It was observed that some corneal aberration and corneal densitometry values were higher in patients with a chalazion compared with those of healthy individuals, and there was a decrease in corneal aberration and densitometry values after surgical excision.

We aimed to examine the effect of strabismus surgery on quality of life levels in children and adolescents. The Health-Related Quality of Life Inventory version 4.0 (HRQOL 4.0), consisting of 23 questions and 4 subscales (physical functioning, emotional functioning, social functioning, and school problems), was administered to the children and adolescents who underwent strabismus surgery and their parents between December 2024 and June 2025, at preoperative and postoperative 1st and 3rd months. The postoperative deviation angle of the cases was 10 Prism Diopter (PD) or less. Strabismus surgery was performed by an Ophthalmologist, and the scales were evaluated by a Child and Adolescent Psychiatrist. 27 cases were included in our study. 17 (62.9%) of the cases were girls and 10 (37.1%) were boys. The average age was 9.0 ± 3.9 (7–17) . In child and adolescents, the change in the physical functionality parameters of the cases was not statistically significant (p >0.05), but the change in the parameters of emotional functionality, social functionality and school-related problems between the preoperative, postoperative 1st month and postoperative 3rd month was statistically significant (p < 0.05). In the parents’ proxy opinion of the child, the change in physical functionality, emotional functionality, social functionality parameters between preoperative, postoperative 1st month and postoperative 3rd month was statistically significant (p < 0.05), but in the parameters of school-related problems, preoperative, postoperative 1st month and postoperative 3rd month were statistically significant. The change between was not statistically significant(p >0.05) (Table 2). Successful surgery for strabismus results in measurable improvement in the quality of life in children and adolescents and in the parents proxy opinion of the child’s quality of life.