Cacao and coffee are the most economically important crops in the Amazonas region, Peru. Thus, characterising microbial species composition and functional profiles in these rhizospheric soils will enable a comprehensive representation of the metabolic potential of host plants in soils. Accordingly, rhizospheric soil from cacao and coffee farms was collected for both physicochemical and molecular analyses. The diversity and functional roles of the archaeal, bacterial and fungal communities were investigated through a comprehensive DNA metabarcoding analysis. It was found that each crop hosts distinct microbiomes, with a minimal shared core microbiota, underscoring the plant host's role as a primary filter. However, the assembly rules and functional responses diverged significantly across domains. Bacterial communities were compositionally and functionally homogeneous within each crop, shaped by deterministic factors. In contrast, archaeal and fungal compositions were heterogeneous but maintained stable functional profiles within their crop environment. Functionally, prokaryotes (bacteria and archaea) acted as “specialists,” exhibiting significant metabolic divergence between crops. Conversely, fungi served as “generalists,” showing no significant difference in guilds and providing a stable, redundant backbone for decomposition. This tiered microbial response highlights a fundamental ecological dichotomy and underscores the necessity of a multi‐kingdom perspective to fully understand and manage the rhizosphere ecosystem.

Pollen functions as a dynamic microbial habitat and the microbes living in pollen reserves play vital roles in pollinator health and nutrition. However, the microbiota composition of honeybee pollen reserves in biodiverse Neotropical regions remains largely unknown. This study provides the first comprehensive analysis of bacterial and fungal communities in honeybee pollen reserves across six ecosystems in the Amazonas region of Peru using high‐throughput metabarcoding of the 16S rRNA gene and ITS2 markers. We found that ecosystem type is a primary driver of community structure, with bacteria and fungi responding differently to environmental changes. Despite high taxonomic heterogeneity and a limited number of shared core microbes, the main functions of these microbes were maintained, featuring enrichment of bacterial pathways involved in nutrient metabolism and saprotrophic fungal guilds. Lactobacillus and an unclassified Tremellomycetes fungus were dominant, yet their abundance varied with respect to floral resource diversity. The simplified Palm Swamp ecosystem showed significantly reduced microbial diversity, underscoring the vulnerability of these communities to habitat homogenization. Our results demonstrate that the pollen reserve microbiome is assembled through environmental filtering and pollinator‐mediated selection, resulting in taxonomically flexible but functionally stable communities essential for hive processes. This work provides a foundation for understanding the microbial ecology of pollen in the Amazonas region.

Coffee pulp, a by-product of coffee processing and a rich source of bioactive compounds, is a promising raw material for functional beverages. However, the influence of genetic variability among coffee varieties on the functional and sensory properties of pulp infusions remains poorly understood. This study evaluated physicochemical, antioxidant, and sensory properties of infusions from nine Coffea arabica L. varieties. Significant differences among varieties were observed (p < 0.05). The pH ranged from 5.36 to 6.42, and titratable acidity from 0.06 to 0.08 g/100 mL, indicating a mild acidic profile. Antioxidant activity (DPPH) ranged from 460.52 to 1006.03 µmol TE/L, and total phenolic content from 29.47 to 59.27 mg GAE/L. Geisha showed the highest antioxidant activity and phenolic content, while Casiopea exhibited the highest reducing capacity. In contrast, Oro Azteca, Excelencia, and H1 achieved the highest sensory acceptance. Multivariate analysis confirmed clear differentiation among varieties and a separation between bioactive and sensory-related attributes. These findings highlight the role of varietal selection in balancing functional potential and consumer acceptance, supporting the development of functional beverages within a circular economy framework.

La contaminación atmosférica constituye un problema ambiental relevante en ecosistemas urbanos, afectando la biodiversidad y la salud humana. En este contexto, los líquenes y las briofitas son utilizados como bioindicadores debido a su alta sensibilidad a contaminantes atmosféricos. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar la diversidad de estos organismos como indicadores de la calidad del aire en la ciudad de Chachapoyas (Perú), mediante identificación molecular basada en DNA barcoding y análisis de diversidad. Se realizó un muestreo estratificado en seis sectores urbanos, recolectándose 280 especímenes (200 líquenes y 80 briofitas). Se obtuvieron 40 secuencias de especímenes diferentes morfológicamente (24 líquenes y 16 briofitas), identificadas mediante análisis BLAST utilizando los marcadores ITS y rbcL. Los resultados evidenciaron una variación espacial significativa en la diversidad. En líquenes, el sector Señor de los Milagros presentó la mayor diversidad (H’ = 2.24), mientras que Mogrovejo registró la menor (H’ = 1.81). En briofitas, Higos Urco–Universidad mostró la mayor diversidad (H’ = 1.87) y Chachapoyas Centro la menor (H’ = 0.82). En general, los sectores con menor presencia antrópica presentaron mayor diversidad, mientras que las zonas más urbanizadas mostraron valores más bajos. Especies como Parmotrema reticulatum, Teloschistes sp. y Bryum argenteum fueron las más abundantes y ampliamente distribuidas. Estos resultados confirman la utilidad de líquenes y briofitas como bioindicadores de la calidad del aire. Asimismo, el uso de herramientas moleculares permitió mejorar la precisión taxonómica, aportando información relevante para el monitoreo ambiental y la gestión sostenible de la biodiversidad urbana.