A medicinal plant from the Beni‐Snassen Forest in the eastern region of Morocco has been studied. This scientific research was carried out to measure the content of essential phytochemical constituents and their antioxidant capacities from the hydromethanolic extract of leaves of Pistacia lentiscus L. located on sites at varying levels of altitudes. Our results have shown that at the lowest altitude, there was a height significant (p ≤ 0.05) in the content of flavonoids and polyphenols. On the other hand, the ascorbic acid, chlorophylls, and tannins had a higher content concentration on sites with high altitudes. Analysis correlation shows a hight correlation between the DPPH and the polyphenols content. A correlation between the total antioxidant activity and flavonoid content was found to have many similarities. The results indicated that P. lentiscus L. leaves have significant sources of chemical compounds that might be employed for various purposes.

The agrobiodiversity in the province of Berkane along the Triffa plain of the NE region of Morocco represents an area characterized by a high diversity of ecosystems that are affected by intense agricultural activities. Therefore, it is essential to study the different agricultural practices that contribute to its protection and preservation. However, no biological measurements are currently being carried out in this region. Between February and April 2023, a set of 30 soil sampling sites was established in six sugar beet fields from two agricultural systems to evaluate the effects of soil management practices on soil macrofaunal communities, litter and soil properties in a Beta vulgaris L. (sugar beet) field in Berkane. In this study, the transition from conventional to organic cultivation has a positive effect on the macrofauna communities, which also contributed to changes in soil edaphic properties. For example, the abundance of macrofauna, was greater in the organic system (780 ± 190 individuals · m−2) than in the conventional farming system (296 ± 69 individuals · m−2). Additionally, the biomass of soil macrofauna increased almost twofold during the transition to the organic farming system. However, the diversity was similar between the two different agricultural systems, with a slight increase in specific richness in the organic farming system compared with that in the other conventional farming system. We assume that the feedback of soil macrofauna to farming systems could be due to the indirect impact of pesticides via changes in habitat conditions.

Calicotome spinosa, which belongs to the Fabaceae family, is renowned for its richness in secondary metabolites, particularly phenolic compounds, and is commonly used to treat various ailments. In this study, leaves of C. spinosa collected from six distinct localities in Eastern Morocco underwent phytochemical analysis, and their antioxidant and antifungal activities were evaluated. The phytochemical analysis showed that the total polyphenol content ranges between 13.64 and 16.52 mg GAE g–1 of dry extract. The sites of Tinissane and Chouihiya exhibited the highest flavonoid contents, with 10.57 and 10.48 mg RE g–1 respectively. Concerning tannins, the leaves of Sid El Bachir presented the highest content with 5.83 mg CE g–1. Pigment assay results showed a significant difference in chlorophyll content between the different sites, while no significant difference was detected for carotenoids. Regarding antioxidant activity, a significant difference was observed between the inhibition levels of leaves from different sites, and these results were strongly correlated with their total polyphenol contents. For antifungal activity, methanolic extracts showed superior activity against Alternaria alternata, with a fungal growth inhibition rate reaching 44.72%. Conversely, acetone/ethanol extracts were less effective, with inhibition rates not exceeding 17%. These results indicate that local environmental conditions, such as salinity, water stress, high temperatures, and precipitation, as well as extraction methods and solvents used, play a crucial role in the variation of these bioactive compounds.

Species of the Opuntia genus are widely recognized for their richness in bioactive metabolites and antioxidant potential, particularly in their cladodes. However, despite increasing interest in cochineal-resistant cultivars, their genotoxic safety remains poorly explored. In this study, the phytochemical composition, antioxidant activity, and genotoxic effects of cladode extracts from three Dactylopius opuntiae-resistant Opuntia species (O. ficus-indica, O. robusta, and O. stricta) collected in eastern Morocco were comparatively evaluated. Hydroethanolic extracts were characterized for their biochemical composition and screened for antioxidant activity using DPPH, β-carotene bleaching, FRAP, and total antioxidant capacity assays. An untargeted UHPLC-Orbitrap MS/MS approach was applied to profile secondary metabolites, while genotoxicity was assessed using the comet assay on rat leukocyte DNA. The three species exhibited distinct phytochemical and antioxidant profiles. O. ficus-indica showed the highest total phenolic and flavonoid contents and the strongest radical scavenging and reducing capacities, whereas O. stricta was particularly rich in ascorbic acid and exhibited the highest total antioxidant capacity. Metabolomic analysis revealed a predominance of phenolic acids and flavonoids, with piscidic acid as a major constituent, along with isorhamnetin derivatives and organic acids. Importantly, none of the extracts induced genotoxic effects compared to the negative control, while all differed significantly from the oxidative damage induced by hydrogen peroxide. Overall, these findings demonstrate the phytochemical richness, antioxidant potential, and genotoxic safety of cochineal-resistant Opuntia cladodes, supporting their sustainable valorization in food, nutraceutical, cosmetic, and agricultural applications.

Metrological verification consists of proving by calibration measurements that specified requirements are met. The result of an audit is a compliance decision followed by re-commissioning or non-compliance followed by an adjustment, repair, decommissioning, or device reform. At the regional blood transfusion center of Oujda, from 2010 to 2018 the number of metrological qualification has increased from 88 to 152 acts with compliance going from 92% to 97%, thus the number of visit for preventive and curative maintenance of the share of external companies has also increased since 2010 to 2018 from 10 annual visits to 43 annual visits, which indicates a strong progressive metrological activity and an important place of the metrological process in the continuity of guaranteeing a safety of the result obtained from the operations carried out for the practitioners and for donor and recipient patients of the blood product. An action plan was implemented to correct the anomalies identified such as the acquisition of new metrology equipment, to predict the change of climatic chambers and non-adapted devices, the acquisition of more sophisticated machines and the establishment of a continuous recording system of the cold chain.