The use of postmortem (autopsy) material in fundamental and applied biomedical research significantly facilitates the collection of biomaterial for statistically robust sample cohorts. However, natural adaptive processes to developing cellular stress in the early postmortem period, caused by oxygen and nutrient deprivation, trigger the activation of numerous genes promoting cell survival under stress. Many of these activated pathways are also crucial for tumor cell survival in vivo, as evidenced by various transcriptomic studies. This study aimed to investigate the potential influence of postmortem interval (PMI) duration on gene expression in normal and tumor tissues. Using a model of chemically induced hepatocellular carcinoma in mouse liver, we comparatively analyzed the dynamics of transcript levels for several genes (BRCA1, BRCA2, CHEK1, CHEK2, ATM, CDK12) in paired samples of normal and tumor tissue over a 24-h PMI using RT-qPCR. In normal tissue, gene expression increased significantly, while tumor tissue demonstrated relative transcriptional stability, with no substantial changes in the studied transcript levels. A critical finding was the observed convergence of expression profiles: initial differences between the tissues were completely eliminated by 24 h PMI. This pattern developed despite formally adequate RNA quality (RQN) and the absence of clear signs of progressive autolysis in histology, indicating the insufficiency of standard quality criteria for detecting postmortem changes. These findings collectively underscore the critical importance of minimizing and controlling PMI during the biobanking of oncological samples for reliable transcriptomic research.

Currently, interest in the field of metabolomics of allergic diseases, including bronchial asthma, is quite high. However, there is insufficient data aimed at uncovering the mechanisms of pathogenesis of the atopic march and the development of bronchial asthma, including those confirmed in different populations of children. Metabolomic studies can reveal early biochemical changes that can predict the development of bronchial asthma. The aim of the study is to analyze the results of cohort studies aimed at studying metabolic markers that can predict the risk of developing bronchial asthma in the context of the atopic march. Materials and methods . Search for publications in Medline databases and Scientific Electronic Library. Publication dates: January 2015 - May 2025; cohort studies aimed at finding metabolomic markers that can predict the risk of developing bronchial asthma in the context of the implementation of the atopic march were included. Results . This review includes 6 publications. The data on changes in metabolic profiles associated with the development of bronchial asthma in children are summarized. Conclusion : Changes in the metabolism of lipids, amino acids, bile acids, and energy metabolism detected in umbilical cord blood, blood plasma, and urine of newborns and young children precede the clinical manifestations of atopic diseases and can serve as a basis for predicting the risk of developing bronchial asthma.

The demand for automated systems assisting surgeons in decision-making drives researchers to develop novel analytical tools for clinical use. Ambient ionization mass spectrometry (AIMS) provides an attractive possibility through its ability to analyze intact tissue samples in real time. Despite the variety of ionization methods and sampling techniques, these approaches generally provide a specific type of multidimensional data: profile spectra rich in signals because they lack molecular separation prior to mass spectra acquisition. Thus, machine learning techniques are essential for analyzing such data. However, sample cohort imbalances, which lead to substantial model overfitting, complicate their application in clinical settings, especially in oncology, where control samples are often limited for ethical reasons. The presented dataset was generated to address this problem and to test the following hypothesis: “Can analyzing autopsy material improve classification efficiency for intraoperative implementation of AIMS?” The dataset consists of molecular profiles of 412 liver tissues from a balanced cohort of 52 mice with induced hepatocellular carcinoma and 50 healthy controls, with varying time between sacrifice and necropsy. The dataset can be used not only for its primary goal, but also to implement and test novel machine learning approaches on AIMS data that imitate clinically obtained data but without inherited cohort imbalances.

Objectives . With the development of modern omix technologies, there has been an increased interest in searching for biomarkers in various biological materials as a new diagnostic tool in the future noninvasive diagnostics of bronchial asthma (BA), especially those that can be used in clinical practice. Therefore, there is a need to systematize data on the features of metabolic profiles in children with asthma and to identify biochemical reactions associated with the pathogenesis of the disease. Objective . The aim of the study is to summarize the results of studies of metabolites determined by mass spectrometry and associated with bronchial asthma in children. Methods . The review included studies involving children with bronchial asthma under the age of 18, where a metabolome (a set of endogenous metabolites formed during metabolism in the body) was studied in biological samples obtained using noninvasive or minimally invasive methods by mass spectrometry methods. The search for published papers is performed in the Medline and eLibrary databases. The search period: until August 2025. Results . 29 studies were found where the metabolome was analyzed in exhaled air condensate samples (13 studies), blood serum (11), urine (5), and feces (1). Non-targeted analysis of metabolites was performed in 18 studies, targeted in 11. Among the metabolites, compounds related to the metabolism of lipids, proteins and amino acids, oxidative stress, compounds of the nicotinamide pathway, volatile organic compounds, bile acids, and heme metabolites were studied. Conclusion . Numerous changes in the molecular profile in children with bronchial asthma have been identified. Many of the metabolites in bronchial asthma are associated with inflammatory processes.

Aim. To develop a new method to determine the viability of Opisthorchis felineus in vitro using the MTS reagent and to evaluate its applicability for analyzing the efficacy of anthelmintic agents in the treatment of opisthorchiasis.Materials and methods. Golden hamsters were used to create a model of O. felineus infection. The animals were infected with metacercariae obtained from fish of the Cyprinidae family. Three months after infection, adult parasites were extracted from the hepatobiliary system. Their viability was assessed using the motility scale and a new method based on the modified MTS test protocol. To account for differences between the size and number of adult parasite cells, the results were normalized with respect to protein content. To evaluate the feasibility of the new approach in the study of pharmacological activity against opisthorchiasis, the viability of adult parasites in the presence of praziquantel was tested.Results. During incubation of adult flukes in a medium with the addition of the MTS reagent, colored watersoluble formazan was accumulated. Thermal inactivation of parasites significantly decreased the production of this compound. Since the studied adult parasites differed in size and number of cells, the obtained data on their viability were normalized to protein content. The results correlated with the data on parasite viability obtained by the traditional method using the motility scale. Evaluation of praziquantel efficacy at different concentrations using two independent methods (the MTS test and the motility scale) showed that the results of the MTS test were consistent with literature data and comparable with the results obtained using the motility scale.Conclusion. A new method for in vitro evaluation of anti-opisthorchiasis activity of drugs was developed. It is based on the assessment of water-soluble formazan production by adult O. felineus flukes in the culture medium using the MTS reagent for screening anti-opisthorchiasis activity of new anthelmintic drugs.