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Dr. Changjiang Kou
Yangzhou University

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Research Keywords & Expertise

0 Asphalt
0 Asphalt Paving
0 Bitumen
0 Pavement Engineering
0 Road Maintenance

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Journal article
Published: 21 August 2020 in Materials
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This paper aims to clarify the shear deformation behavior of double-layer asphalt mixtures using the virtual uniaxial penetration test (UPT) with a discrete element method. For this purpose, asphalt mixtures with two different nominal maximum aggregate sizes were designed for the preparation of double-layer wheel tracking test specimens. Then, the cylindrical cores were prepared from the specimens and were cut for capturing the longitudinal profile images. These images were used to reconstruct a two-dimensional discrete element model (DEM) of the uniaxial penetration test specimen. The results indicate that the shear deformation behavior of the asphalt mixtures showed corresponding changes under the virtual loading. The tensile and compressive stress were distributed unevenly within the upper layer after the test, and both coarse aggregates and asphalt mortars bore a greater shear stress. Therefore, cracks were more likely to occur in the upper layer, leading to the failure of the specimens. This process enhanced the bonding between the asphalt mortars and the mineral aggregates. The aggregate particles in the upper layer moved more vertically, while those in the lower layer generally moved more laterally under the virtual loading. This behavior reveals the rutting mechanism of asphalt pavement.

ACS Style

Changjiang Kou; Xiaohui Pan; Peng Xiao; Aihong Kang; Zhengguang Wu. Shear Deformation Behavior of a Double-Layer Asphalt Mixture Based on the Virtual Simulation of a Uniaxial Penetration Test. Materials 2020, 13, 3700 .

AMA Style

Changjiang Kou, Xiaohui Pan, Peng Xiao, Aihong Kang, Zhengguang Wu. Shear Deformation Behavior of a Double-Layer Asphalt Mixture Based on the Virtual Simulation of a Uniaxial Penetration Test. Materials. 2020; 13 (17):3700.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Changjiang Kou; Xiaohui Pan; Peng Xiao; Aihong Kang; Zhengguang Wu. 2020. "Shear Deformation Behavior of a Double-Layer Asphalt Mixture Based on the Virtual Simulation of a Uniaxial Penetration Test." Materials 13, no. 17: 3700.

Journal article
Published: 01 June 2020 in Materials
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Studies show that each kind of fiber has its own advantages in improving the properties of asphalt binders. However, there are very limited research studies about mixed fiber-reinforced asphalt (MFRA). In this study, two kinds of fibers, basalt fiber (BF) and lignin fiber (LF), were selected to reinforce SBS (styrene–butadiene–styrene triblock copolymer)-modified asphalt, which is now widely used in pavement engineering. MFRA samples with different fiber mix ratios (FMRs) were prepared for the tests of softening point, ductility, and rheological properties, the micromorphology of which was studied by using scanning electron microscope (SEM). The oil (asphalt) absorption rates of mixed fibers with different FMRs were also tested. The results show that the properties of MFRA were affected by the physical and chemical properties of fibers. Basalt fiber can better strengthen the physical properties of MFRA, while lignin fiber is good for improving the rheological properties, and the oil absorption rate of lignin fiber is higher than that of basalt fiber. Furthermore, the best FMR calculated by the efficacy coefficient method (ECM) was recommended as 1:2 (BF:LF). An interface layer between the fiber and asphalt was observed from the micro images, proving that the fibers bond well with the asphalt. Generally, mixing BF and LF together into SBS-modified asphalt could make full use of the advantages of different fibers and reinforce the comprehensive performance of MFRA better.

ACS Style

Changjiang Kou; Xing Wu; Peng Xiao; Yang Liu; Zhengguang Wu. Physical, Rheological, and Morphological Properties of Asphalt Reinforced by Basalt Fiber and Lignin Fiber. Materials 2020, 13, 2520 .

AMA Style

Changjiang Kou, Xing Wu, Peng Xiao, Yang Liu, Zhengguang Wu. Physical, Rheological, and Morphological Properties of Asphalt Reinforced by Basalt Fiber and Lignin Fiber. Materials. 2020; 13 (11):2520.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Changjiang Kou; Xing Wu; Peng Xiao; Yang Liu; Zhengguang Wu. 2020. "Physical, Rheological, and Morphological Properties of Asphalt Reinforced by Basalt Fiber and Lignin Fiber." Materials 13, no. 11: 2520.

Journal article
Published: 02 July 2019 in Journal of Cleaner Production
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Filter media with porous structures have been employed in some filtration systems to improve the filtration efficiencies of pavement runoff pollution. However, there is no solid support to select the appropriate type due to the lack of understanding of the selective filtration characteristics of different filter media. In this study, five filter media with different porous structure were selected, and the corresponding filtration characteristics were investigated by self-developed filtration test equipment. The effects of type, layer thickness, and grain size of the filter media on the filtration efficiencies of pavement runoff were evaluated. Then, according to the dominant pollutants in the pavement runoff, an optimum configuration of the filter media was proposed by Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Method. Besides, the particle size distributions of the influent and effluent runoff, the microstructures, and element mapping of the filter media before and after filtration tests were characterized by Laser particle analyzer, scanning electron microscope (SEM), and X-ray energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), respectively. The results show that filter media provide significant selective filtration characteristics for treating different runoff pollutants, which are also grain-size related, especially for Zeolite. Compared with a single type of filter medium, the combination groups show significantly better filtration efficiencies. Specifically, Vesuvianite and Slag show superior capability to remove pollutants due to their special porosity microstructures which result in remarkable adsorption effects on runoff particles.

ACS Style

Aihong Kang; Huiwen Mao; Bo Li; Changjiang Kou; Xueling Xu; Behnam Jahangiri. Investigation of selective filtration characteristics of filter media for pavement runoff treatment. Journal of Cleaner Production 2019, 235, 590 -602.

AMA Style

Aihong Kang, Huiwen Mao, Bo Li, Changjiang Kou, Xueling Xu, Behnam Jahangiri. Investigation of selective filtration characteristics of filter media for pavement runoff treatment. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2019; 235 ():590-602.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Aihong Kang; Huiwen Mao; Bo Li; Changjiang Kou; Xueling Xu; Behnam Jahangiri. 2019. "Investigation of selective filtration characteristics of filter media for pavement runoff treatment." Journal of Cleaner Production 235, no. : 590-602.

Journal article
Published: 02 October 2018 in Applied Sciences
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The concentrations of pollutants in urban pavement runoff are normally higher than those in other urban surface runoff, which causes serious problems in protecting the environment of receiving water and soils. The purpose of this study was to propose a source pollution control measure based on the spatial-temporal distribution characteristics of the runoff pollutants at urban pavement sites. Therefore, samples from pavement runoff were collected and tested for analyzing the spatial-temporal distribution characteristics. Then, infiltration tests were conducted on selected purification materials to evaluate their purification ability to the simulated pavement runoff. Results indicated that heavy metals Zn and Pb were at high concentrations near the intersection, the reason being the frequent braking of vehicles at this site. The level of suspended solids was far higher than the limitation in the standard near the site where massive human activities occurred. Besides, the cumulative amounts of all kinds of pollutants tended to be stable with the extension of rainfall duration. The logarithmic function was found to fit the experimental data well. Finally, the pavement runoff was categorized into different situations. The combinations of purification materials were recommended and integrated into a source control measure for the treatments of different pollution situations, which made the most use of each purification material and ensured the high elimination efficiency of different pollutants.

ACS Style

Changjiang Kou; Aihong Kang; Peng Xiao; Peter Mikhailenko; Hassan Baaj; Lu Sun; Zhengguang Wu. A Source Pollution Control Measure Based on Spatial-Temporal Distribution Characteristic of the Runoff Pollutants at Urban Pavement Sites. Applied Sciences 2018, 8, 1802 .

AMA Style

Changjiang Kou, Aihong Kang, Peng Xiao, Peter Mikhailenko, Hassan Baaj, Lu Sun, Zhengguang Wu. A Source Pollution Control Measure Based on Spatial-Temporal Distribution Characteristic of the Runoff Pollutants at Urban Pavement Sites. Applied Sciences. 2018; 8 (10):1802.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Changjiang Kou; Aihong Kang; Peng Xiao; Peter Mikhailenko; Hassan Baaj; Lu Sun; Zhengguang Wu. 2018. "A Source Pollution Control Measure Based on Spatial-Temporal Distribution Characteristic of the Runoff Pollutants at Urban Pavement Sites." Applied Sciences 8, no. 10: 1802.

Conference paper
Published: 14 September 2018 in E3S Web of Conferences
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The concentrations of pollutants in pavement runoff are higher than those in other surface runoff normally, which causes serious problems in protecting the environment of receiving rivers and soils. According to the concept of low impact development (LID), a pavement runoff pollution control measure was developed by using infiltration structure. In order to infiltration structure play a superior role in the control of pavement runoff pollution, purification capacity of four typical infiltration materials was tested. Then, long-term purification efficiency of infiltration materials was explored to suspended solids. Besides, microscopic observation was performed on infiltration materials. Results indicated that purification effects of infiltration materials were significantly different. The purification process can be divided into three stages, which ware "rapid upgrading ", "slow upgrading " and "slow reduction ". Finally, Infiltration materials mainly have two modes to intercept runoff pollutants, which were pore adsorption and mechanical interception of the gap between materials.

ACS Style

Xueling Xu; Aihong Kang; Zhingping Lu; Keke Lou; Changjiang Kou. Study on purification effect of infiltration materials to pavement runoff pollution. E3S Web of Conferences 2018, 53, 04045 .

AMA Style

Xueling Xu, Aihong Kang, Zhingping Lu, Keke Lou, Changjiang Kou. Study on purification effect of infiltration materials to pavement runoff pollution. E3S Web of Conferences. 2018; 53 ():04045.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xueling Xu; Aihong Kang; Zhingping Lu; Keke Lou; Changjiang Kou. 2018. "Study on purification effect of infiltration materials to pavement runoff pollution." E3S Web of Conferences 53, no. : 04045.

Conference paper
Published: 13 September 2018 in High Performance Fiber Reinforced Cement Composites 6
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The physical and microstructural properties of four straight run asphalt binders were examined and compared in virgin state and in after short term aging (RTFOT) and long-term (PAV) laboratory aging. RTFOT aging was conducted at 123, 143 and 163 °C. Physical testing parameters included penetration and softening point. Selected binders came from four different sources with same penetration grade. They all showed an increase in stiffness with aging, and RTFOT temperatures. The microstructural evolution of the binder was examined by Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy (ESEM) on aged binders at 123 and 163 °C. The physical transformation corresponded to an evolution in the binders’ ‘fibril’ microstructure under ESEM as a result of electron beam exposure, with the microstructure getting denser with PAV aging. The asphalt binders showed varied ESEM ‘fingerprints’ and aged in different ways. The ESEM properties generally showed to evolve with the physical properties, although this was not the case for all of the binders due to their unique aging characteristics.

ACS Style

Peter Mikhailenko; Hassan Baaj; Changjiang Kou; Lily D. Poulikakos; Augusto Cannone Falchetto; Jeroen Besamusca; Bernhard Hofko. ESEM Microstructural and Physical Properties of Virgin and Laboratory Aged Bitumen. High Performance Fiber Reinforced Cement Composites 6 2018, 150 -155.

AMA Style

Peter Mikhailenko, Hassan Baaj, Changjiang Kou, Lily D. Poulikakos, Augusto Cannone Falchetto, Jeroen Besamusca, Bernhard Hofko. ESEM Microstructural and Physical Properties of Virgin and Laboratory Aged Bitumen. High Performance Fiber Reinforced Cement Composites 6. 2018; ():150-155.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Peter Mikhailenko; Hassan Baaj; Changjiang Kou; Lily D. Poulikakos; Augusto Cannone Falchetto; Jeroen Besamusca; Bernhard Hofko. 2018. "ESEM Microstructural and Physical Properties of Virgin and Laboratory Aged Bitumen." High Performance Fiber Reinforced Cement Composites 6 , no. : 150-155.

Journal article
Published: 18 August 2018 in Fuel
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The physical and microstructural properties of four straight run asphalt binders were examined and compared in combination with short term aging (RTFOT) and long-term (PAV) laboratory aging. RTFOT aging was conducted at temperatures of 123, 143 and 163 °C. The physical testing parameters included penetration, softening point and Dynamic Shear Rheology (DSR) complex shear modulus and phase angle at 10 °C. The binders selected came from four different sources and had the same penetration grading (70/100). They all showed an increase in stiffness with aging, including with the increase in RTFOT temperatures and especially with PAV aging. The microstructural evolution of the binder was examined by Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy (ESEM) on aged binders at 123 and 163 °C. The physical changes with aging corresponded to an evolution in the binders’ ‘fibril’ microstructure under ESEM, as a result of electron beam exposure, with the microstructure getting denser with PAV aging. This densification (fibril area) of the microstructure was quantified with image analysis for the virgin and RTFOT aged samples, and the fibril formation time was also measured. The asphalt binders showed varied ESEM ‘fingerprints’ and aged in different ways. The ESEM ‘formation time’ and ‘fibril area’ of the binders generally showed good correlation with the physical properties, although this was not the case for all of the binders due to their unique aging characteristics.

ACS Style

Peter Mikhailenko; Changjiang Kou; Hassan Baaj; Lily Poulikakos; Augusto Cannone-Falchetto; Jeroen Besamusca; Bernhard Hofko. Comparison of ESEM and physical properties of virgin and laboratory aged asphalt binders. Fuel 2018, 235, 627 -638.

AMA Style

Peter Mikhailenko, Changjiang Kou, Hassan Baaj, Lily Poulikakos, Augusto Cannone-Falchetto, Jeroen Besamusca, Bernhard Hofko. Comparison of ESEM and physical properties of virgin and laboratory aged asphalt binders. Fuel. 2018; 235 ():627-638.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Peter Mikhailenko; Changjiang Kou; Hassan Baaj; Lily Poulikakos; Augusto Cannone-Falchetto; Jeroen Besamusca; Bernhard Hofko. 2018. "Comparison of ESEM and physical properties of virgin and laboratory aged asphalt binders." Fuel 235, no. : 627-638.

Journal article
Published: 23 November 2017 in Applied Sciences
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The use of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) is of great significance for alleviating the problem of resource waste and land space occupation in the context of asphalt pavement. However, the use rate of RAP is still low in many countries because of limited understanding and no unified recycling guidelines, especially in terms of materials classification and aging grades. In this study, reclaimed asphalt pavements from sixteen different sections in southern China were collected, including with base and polymer modified asphalt (PMA). The performance of the reclaimed asphalt binder (RAB) at low, average and high temperatures was tested, using various methods, to find suitable indexes for categorizing aging grades. The viscosity (135 °C) and penetration (25 °C) were found to distinguish the aging degree of RAB the most consistently, and served as the indices to classify the RAB into different grades. To simplify the evaluation of aging grades, a comprehensive service life was determined using the Analytic Hierarchy Process, taking service years and surface levels into account. As a result, a good correlation was found between comprehensive service life and the aging grades.

ACS Style

Changjiang Kou; Peng Xiao; Aihong Kang; Peter Mikhailenko; Hassan Baaj; Zhengguang Wu. Methods to Evaluate the Aging Grades of Reclaimed Asphalt Binder. Applied Sciences 2017, 7, 1209 .

AMA Style

Changjiang Kou, Peng Xiao, Aihong Kang, Peter Mikhailenko, Hassan Baaj, Zhengguang Wu. Methods to Evaluate the Aging Grades of Reclaimed Asphalt Binder. Applied Sciences. 2017; 7 (12):1209.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Changjiang Kou; Peng Xiao; Aihong Kang; Peter Mikhailenko; Hassan Baaj; Zhengguang Wu. 2017. "Methods to Evaluate the Aging Grades of Reclaimed Asphalt Binder." Applied Sciences 7, no. 12: 1209.

Notes
Published: 13 April 2017 in International Journal of Pavement Engineering
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Fluorescent technique has been used to characterise the morphology of polymer modified bitumen for years. However, the main problem of this technique is a missing standardised protocol for image capture factors and processing algorithms (CF&PA). The purpose of this study was to find out the effects of CF&PA on morphology and set up a protocol for morphological analysis of SBS polymer-modified bitumen (PMB) using the fluorescent microscopy technique. In order to set up this protocol, fluorescent images were captured and processed with different CF&PA. Capture factors mainly include magnification, exposure time and storage format while processing algorithms include noise reduction, enhancement and segmentation. Morphological and parametric analysis indicated that all images must be captured under the same exposure time and should not be processed by white balance. Besides, four principles should be followed to determine the optimal magnification. As to the image storage format, JPEG 2000 was selected to retain the most details. The proper neighbourhood level was obtained from the particle number curve to realise noise reduction. Compared with other complicated segmentation algorithms, threshold methods are more suitable because of the typical two-phase characteristic of PMB. Because of potential change in detailed information of original images, enhancement was not recommended. Finally, the image capturing and processing steps and their levels were given based on the discussion above.

ACS Style

Changjiang Kou; Peng Xiao; Aihong Kang; Peter Mikhailenko; Hassan Baaj; Zhengguang Wu. Protocol for the morphology analysis of SBS polymer modified bitumen images obtained by using fluorescent microscopy. International Journal of Pavement Engineering 2017, 20, 585 -591.

AMA Style

Changjiang Kou, Peng Xiao, Aihong Kang, Peter Mikhailenko, Hassan Baaj, Zhengguang Wu. Protocol for the morphology analysis of SBS polymer modified bitumen images obtained by using fluorescent microscopy. International Journal of Pavement Engineering. 2017; 20 (5):585-591.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Changjiang Kou; Peng Xiao; Aihong Kang; Peter Mikhailenko; Hassan Baaj; Zhengguang Wu. 2017. "Protocol for the morphology analysis of SBS polymer modified bitumen images obtained by using fluorescent microscopy." International Journal of Pavement Engineering 20, no. 5: 585-591.

Books book
Published: 14 October 2016 in Functional Pavement Design
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Functional Pavement Design is a collections of 186 papers from 27 different countries, which were presented at the 4th Chinese-European Workshops (CEW) on Functional Pavement Design (Delft, the Netherlands, 29 June-1 July 2016). The focus of the CEW series is on field tests, laboratory test methods and advanced analysis techniques, and cover analysis, material development and production, experimental characterization, design and construction of pavements. The main areas covered by the book include: - Flexible pavements- Pavement and bitumen- Pavement performance and LCCA- Pavement structures- Pavements and environment- Pavements and innovation- Rigid pavements- Safety- Traffic engineering Functional Pavement Design is for contributing to the establishment of a new generation of pavement design methodologies in which rational mechanics principles, advanced constitutive models and advanced material characterization techniques shall constitute the backbone of the design process. The book will be much of interest to professionals and academics in pavement engineering and related disciplines. Functional Pavement Design is a collections of 186 papers from 27 different countries, which were presented at the 4th Chinese-European Workshops (CEW) on Functional Pavement Design (Delft, the Netherlands, 29 June-1 July 2016). The focus of the CEW series is on field tests, laboratory test methods and advanced analysis techniques, and cover analysis, material development and production, experimental characterization, design and construction of pavements. The main areas covered by the book include: - Flexible pavements- Pavement and bitumen- Pavement performance and LCCA- Pavement structures- Pavements and environment- Pavements and innovation- Rigid pavements- Safety- Traffic engineering Functional Pavement Design is for contributing to the establishment of a new generation of pavement design methodologies in which rational mechanics principles, advanced constitutive models and advanced material characterization techniques shall constitute the backbone of the design process. The book will be much of interest to professionals and academics in pavement engineering and related disciplines. Functional Pavement Design is a collections of 186 papers from 27 different countries, which were presented at the 4th Chinese-European Workshops (CEW) on Functional Pavement Design (Delft, the Netherlands, 29 June-1 July 2016). The focus of the CEW series is on field tests, laboratory test methods and advanced analysis techniques, and cover analysis, material development and production, experimental characterization, design and construction of pavements. The main areas covered by the book include: - Flexible pavements- Pavement and bitumen- Pavement performance and LCCA- Pavement structures- Pavements and environment- Pavements and innovation- Rigid pavements- Safety- Traffic engineering Functional Pavement Design is for contributing to the establishment of a new generation of pavement design methodologies in which rational mechanics principles, advanced constitutive models and advanced material characterization techniques shall constitute the backbone of the design process. The book will be much of interest to professionals and academics in pavement engineering and related disciplines. Functional Pavement Design is a collections of 186 papers from 27 different countries, which were presented at the 4th Chinese-European Workshops (CEW) on Functional Pavement Design (Delft, the Netherlands, 29 June-1 July 2016). The focus of the CEW series is on field tests, laboratory test methods and advanced analysis techniques, and cover analysis, material development and production, experimental characterization, design and construction of pavements. The main areas covered by the book include: - Flexible pavements- Pavement and bitumen- Pavement performance and LCCA- Pavement structures- Pavements and environment- Pavements and innovation- Rigid pavements- Safety- Traffic engineering Functional Pavement Design is for contributing to the establishment of a new generation of pavement design methodologies in which rational mechanics principles, advanced constitutive models and advanced material characterization techniques shall constitute the backbone of the design process. The book will be much of interest to professionals and academics in pavement engineering and related disciplines. Functional Pavement Design is a collections of 186 papers from 27 different countries, which were presented at the 4th Chinese-European Workshops (CEW) on Functional Pavement Design (Delft, the Netherlands, 29 June-1 July 2016). The focus of the CEW series is on field tests, laboratory test methods and advanced analysis techniques, and cover analysis, material development and production, experimental characterization, design and construction of pavements. The main areas covered by the book include: - Flexible pavements- Pavement and bitumen- Pavement performance and LCCA- Pavement structures- Pavements and environment- Pavements and innovation- Rigid pavements- Safety- Traffic engineering Functional Pavement Design is for contributing to the establishment of a new generation of pavement design methodologies in which rational mechanics principles, advanced constitutive models and advanced material characterization techniques shall constitute the backbone of the design process. The book will be much of interest to professionals and academics in pavement engineering and related disciplines. Functional Pavement Design is a collections of 186 papers from 27 different countries, which were presented at the 4th Chinese-European Workshops (CEW) on Functional Pavement Design (Delft, the Netherlands, 29 June-1 July 2016). The focus of the CEW series is on field tests, laboratory test methods and advanced analysis techniques, and cover analysis, material development and production, experimental characterization, design and construction of pavements. The main...

ACS Style

Changjiang Kou; Aihong Kang; Peng Xiao; Zhengguang Wu. Microscopic evaluation method of Polymer Modified Bitumen performance. Functional Pavement Design 2016, 419 -426.

AMA Style

Changjiang Kou, Aihong Kang, Peng Xiao, Zhengguang Wu. Microscopic evaluation method of Polymer Modified Bitumen performance. Functional Pavement Design. 2016; ():419-426.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Changjiang Kou; Aihong Kang; Peng Xiao; Zhengguang Wu. 2016. "Microscopic evaluation method of Polymer Modified Bitumen performance." Functional Pavement Design , no. : 419-426.

Journal article
Published: 01 April 2015 in Construction and Building Materials
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ACS Style

Changjiang Kou; Aihong Kang; Wuhong Zhang. Methods to prepare polymer modified bitumen samples for morphological observation. Construction and Building Materials 2015, 81, 93 -100.

AMA Style

Changjiang Kou, Aihong Kang, Wuhong Zhang. Methods to prepare polymer modified bitumen samples for morphological observation. Construction and Building Materials. 2015; 81 ():93-100.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Changjiang Kou; Aihong Kang; Wuhong Zhang. 2015. "Methods to prepare polymer modified bitumen samples for morphological observation." Construction and Building Materials 81, no. : 93-100.