Patients with heart disease are more likely to experience social frailty due to physical inactivity, which may affect meaningful activities such as hobbies. This study aimed to investigate (1) the association between heart disease and social frailty in community-dwelling older adults and (2) the characteristics of meaningful activities in community-dwelling older adults with heart disease. Data from 630 older adults who participated in a community-based health survey were obtained, including clinical history, meaningful activities, social frailty and psychosomatic functions. Participants were divided into two groups: those with heart disease (n = 79) and those without (n = 551), and comparisons were made. Social frailty was observed in 23.7% of participants with heart disease, and logistic regression revealed significant associations with heart disease and social frailty after adjusting for potential covariates (OR, 1.97; 95% CI, 1.06 3.67; p = 0.032). Participants with heart disease did not differ significantly in terms of satisfaction or performance; their frequency of engagement in meaningful activities was significantly lower than without heart disease (p = 0.041). These results suggest that heart disease and social frailty are associated in community-dwelling older adults, and that this demographic is inclined to engage in meaningful activities less frequently.

Evidence suggests that optimism has a positive impact on health status. Attentional bias modification (ABM) may be beneficial for enhancing optimism, but its effective application requires a detailed investigation of the association between attentional bias and optimism. This study aimed to determine the association between attentional bias and optimism based on different task types. Eighty-four participants completed the attentional bias measures using the dot-probe task (DPT), emotional visual search task (EVST) paradigms, and psychological assessments. Optimism was assessed using the Life Orientation Test-Revised with subscales for optimism and pessimism. Pearson’s correlation coefficient and multivariate linear regression analysis were applied to investigate the association between optimism and attentional bias. Neither the attentional bias derived from DPT nor EVST was significantly correlated with optimism total score or subscales. Regression analysis also showed no association between attentional bias and optimism (DPT, β = 0.12; EVST, β = 0.09), optimism subscales (DPT, β = 0.09; EVST, β = 0.17), or pessimism subscales (DPT, β = −0.10; EVST, β = 0.02). Our findings showed no evidence that attentional biases derived from either the DPT or EVST measures are associated with optimism or pessimism. Further studies are needed to effectively adapt the ABM to enhance optimism.

Introduction: Frailty in older adults is a multidimensional condition that affects healthy life expectancy. Engagement in meaningful activities (MA) is thought to support healthy aging, but the specific relationship between satisfaction with MA and frailty remains underexplored. This study investigated the longitudinal association between satisfaction with MA and frailty (physical, social, and cognitive domains) in community-dwelling older adults. Method: A total of 231 community-dwelling older adults who completed a 2-year follow-up were analyzed. Frailty in each domain was assessed at baseline and at 1- and 2-years. Participants’ MA and satisfaction were obtained through face-to-face interviews. Mixed-effects logistic regression models were used to examine the longitudinal associations between satisfaction with MA and frailty status trajectories. Results: At follow-up, changes in physical frailty status were observed in most participants. Robust status was commonly maintained in the social and cognitive frailty domain. Participants’ MA primarily involved leisure, sports, and domestic activities. Mixed-effects logistic regression analysis showed that satisfaction with MA was significantly associated with physical frailty, even after adjusting for potential covariates (odds ratio 0.68; 95% confidence interval 0.45, 0.99, p = 0.045). However, this association was not significant for social or cognitive frailty. Conclusion: Satisfaction with MA was longitudinally associated with physical frailty, but not with social or cognitive frailty.

In recent years, the rapid advancement of digital technology has made the use of information and communication technology(ICT) an integral part of daily life (Marsh & Rajaram, 2019). Consequently, ...