Background: Colon and breast cancer are the most common types of cancer in cancer patients worldwide. Therefore, health students, especially pharmacy students, should be well-educated about colon and breast cancer. Adequate education and knowledge provide significant benefits from early diagnosis to treatment. Methodology: This study was conducted as a cross-sectional study for 3 months between 1 November 2022, and 31 January 2023, in Northern Cyprus. The aim of this study was to assess pharmacy students’ knowledge of breast cancer and colon cancer in North Cyprus Universities. Result: A total of 494 pharmacy students participated in this study. Twenty-three incompletely filled questionnaires were excluded from the study. Regarding Near East University and Cyprus International University pharmacy students’ knowledge of colon cancer, 298 out of 494 had good knowledge and 196 out of 494 had poor knowledge. Regarding Near East University and Cyprus International University pharmacy students’ knowledge of breast cancer, 317 out of 494 had good knowledge and 177 out of 494 had poor knowledge. The total score of knowledge of Near East University and Cyprus International University pharmacy students about breast cancer was 10 ± 3.43 and 11.40 ± 3.67, respectively. The total score of knowledge of Near East University and Cyprus International University pharmacy students about colon cancer was 7.54 ± 3.67 and 9.19 ± 4.08, respectively. Conclusions: The findings of the study indicate that most of the pharmacy students have good knowledge about the risk factors and symptoms of breast and colon cancer, but are not at the ideal knowledge level expected in the fight against cancer after graduation.

Background: Breast and colon cancer are the most common types of cancer among cancer patients worldwide. Therefore, health practitioners, particularly community pharmacists, should be well-informed about breast and colon cancer. Proper education background and knowledge offer significant advantages, from early diagnosis to treatment, especially in poor countries that are suffering from conflicts and crises that have influenced healthcare services, such as Yemen. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Yemen between 1 May 2024 and 30 August 2024. It aims to assess community pharmacists’ knowledge of breast and colon cancer in Yemen. Result: A total of 600 community pharmacists participated in this study. Twenty-five incompletely filled questionnaires were excluded from the study. Regarding community pharmacists’ knowledge of breast cancer, 356 out of 575 had good knowledge, and 219 out of 575 had poor knowledge. Regarding community pharmacists’ knowledge of colon cancer, 327 out of 575 had good knowledge, and 248 out of 575 had poor knowledge. The total scores of knowledge community pharmacists about breast and colon cancer were 7.55 ± 2.48 and 6.60 ± 2.81, respectively. Conclusions: The findings of the study indicate that most community pharmacists possess a good understanding of the risk factors and symptoms associated with breast and colon cancer. However, their knowledge does not meet the ideal level expected in the fight against cancer. We suggest that future studies also evaluate pharmacists’ knowledge about other types of cancer.

Background and Aim: Antimicrobial resistance is a global health crisis, with its impact magnified in conflict settings like Yemen, where a decimated health system and humanitarian emergency create ideal conditions for the proliferation of resistant pathogens. A clear understanding of the antimicrobial resistance landscape is essential for effective public health interventions. This communication synthesizes and critically appraises peer‐reviewed studies and strategic reports published between 2019 and 2025 to delineate the status of antimicrobial resistance and antibiotic stewardship in Yemen, identify evidence gaps, and propose context‐specific recommendations. Methods: A systematic search of PubMed, Google Scholar, Dimensions.ai, Semantic Scholar, and WHO regional publications was conducted for relevant literature from 2019 to 2025. Key data on study design, resistance patterns, antibiotic consumption, and knowledge, attitude, and practice were extracted and thematically synthesized. This review critically assesses the evidence base without introducing new primary data. Results: Localized surveillance indicates concerning resistance rates among key pathogens. Investigations conducted in Aden and Al‐Bayda demonstrate elevated resistance to first‐line antimicrobial agents, including trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole and amoxicillin–clavulanate. Antibiotic utilization is notably excessive, particularly within intensive care units, with substantial dependence on “Watch” category antibiotics like ceftriaxone and last‐resort drugs such as meropenem. A significant knowledge–practice discrepancy persists; although there is sufficient awareness regarding antimicrobial resistance, self‐medication remains widespread (62.7% of the population), facilitated by the availability of non‐prescription dispensing. The primary obstacle to the rational use of antibiotics is the high cost of diagnostic testing. Conclusion: Antimicrobial resistance in Yemen is a crisis driven by systemic collapse, not merely knowledge deficits. Effective interventions must be conflict‐adapted, prioritizing subsidized diagnostics, redesigning awareness campaigns to address behavioral drivers, and integrating AMR containment into all humanitarian health responses.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a severe complication in intensive care units, frequently exacerbated by synergistic nephrotoxicity from drugs such as Vancomycin and Piperacillin-Tazobactam. Traditional alert systems relying on static thresholds suffer from high false-positive rates and delayed detection. Methods: We developed Agentic-TimesFM-AKI, a dual-model architecture integrating a Large Language Model (Gemma-4 Sentinel) with a zero-shot time-series forecaster (TimesFM) to provide continuous, dynamic risk forecasting and transparent clinical reasoning. The system was trained on a synthetically generated cohort with differential privacy (ε=10) and evaluated on the publicly accessible eICU (N=200) and MIMIC-IV (N=117) Demo datasets. Results: In the internal eICU pilot evaluation, the framework achieved an Accuracy of 0.970 (95% CI: 0.945-0.990) and an F1-Score of 0.966, successfully mapping temporal physiological trajectories into intelligible natural language alerts. However, external validation on the MIMIC-IV cohort revealed severe performance degradation. Conclusions: While the dual-model framework provides highly accurate and interpretable AKI alerts on familiar schema cohorts, it suffers from structural formatting fragility and domain shift. This highlights critical vulnerabilities in applying generative models to out-of-distribution electronic health records.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) represents a growing yet under‐recognized public health threat in Yemen, where ongoing conflict has exacerbated vulnerabilities to infectious diseases and waterborne illnesses. Sepsis and severe volume depletion—secondary to diarrheal diseases such as cholera—are leading contributors to AKI incidence, especially in a region with a collapsing health infrastructure and limited access to dialysis. Objective: This review consolidates existing evidence on the burden, causes, and outcomes of infection‐related and dehydration‐induced AKI in Yemen. It emphasizes systemic gaps in surveillance, diagnostic capacity, and treatment and suggests practical interventions for low‐resource, conflict‐affected settings. Methods: This narrative review conducted a structured search of international databases and gray literature, including sources from humanitarian agencies and regional health authorities. Studies reporting on AKI incidence, etiologies, and healthcare access in Yemen from 2014 to 2024 were included. Results: The data indicate a disproportionate burden of AKI among children and internally displaced populations within cholera‐endemic governorates. Shortages of dialysis resources, delayed diagnoses, and underreporting collectively worsen mortality risks. Most documented AKI cases are associated with hypovolemia, systemic infections, and a deficiency in preventive measures. Conclusion: Infection‐driven and dehydration‐related AKI are critical yet preventable causes of morbidity and mortality in Yemen. Integrating AKI prevention into diarrheal disease programs, scaling up oral rehydration and sepsis management, and strengthening community health systems are essential to mitigating renal complications and saving lives.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) represents a growing yet under-recognized public health threat in Yemen, where ongoing conflict has exacerbated vulnerabilities to infectious diseases and waterborne illnesses. Sepsis and severe dehydration secondary to diarrheal diseases such as cholera are leading contributors to AKI incidence, especially in a region with a collapsing health infrastructure and limited access to dialysis. Objective: This review consolidates existing evidence on the burden, causes, and outcomes of infection-related and dehydration-induced AKI in Yemen. It emphasizes systemic gaps in surveillance, diagnostic capacity, and treatment, and suggests practical interventions for low-resource, conflict-affected settings. Methods: A structured search of international databases and grey literature was conducted, including sources from humanitarian agencies and regional health authorities. Studies reporting on AKI incidence, etiologies, and healthcare access in Yemen from 2014 to 2024 were included. Results: The data indicate a disproportionate burden of AKI among children and internally displaced populations within cholera-endemic governorates. Shortages of dialysis resources, delayed diagnoses, and underreporting collectively worsen mortality risks. Most documented AKI cases are associated with hypovolemia, systemic infections, and a deficiency in preventive measures. Conclusion: Infection-driven and dehydration-related AKI are critical yet preventable causes of morbidity and mortality in Yemen. Integrating AKI prevention into diarrheal disease programs, scaling up oral rehydration and sepsis management, and strengthening community health systems are essential to mitigating renal complications and saving lives.