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With the risk of natural disaster occurrence rising globally, the interest in innovative disaster resilience techniques is greatly increasing. In particular, Data Center (DC) operators are investigating techniques to avoid data-loss and service downtime in case of disaster occurrence. In cloud DC networks, DCs host Virtual Machines (VM) that support cloud services. A VM can be migrated, i.e., transferred, across DCs without service disruption, using a technique known as “online VM migration”. In this paper, we investigate how to schedule online VMs migrations in an alerted disaster scenario (i.e., for those disasters, such as tsunami and hurricanes, that grant an alert time to DC operators) where VMs are migrated from a risky DC, i.e., a DC at risk to be affected by a disaster, to a DC in safe locations, within a deadline set by the alert time of the incoming disaster. We propose a multi-objective Integer Linear Programming (ILP) model and heuristic algorithms for efficient online VMs migration to maximize number of VMs migrated, minimize service downtime and minimize network resource occupation. The proposed approaches perform scheduling, destination DC selection and assign route and bandwidth to VM migrations. Compared to baseline approaches, our proposed algorithms eliminate service downtime in exchange of an acceptable additional network resource occupation. Results also give insights on how to calculate the minimum amount of time required to evacuate all VMs with no service downtime. Moreover, since the proposed approaches exhibit different execution times, we design an ‘alert-aware VM evacuation’ tool to intelligently select the most suitable approach based on the number and size of VMs, alert time and available network capacity.
Omran Ayoub; Amaro De Sousa; Silvia Mendieta; Francesco Musumeci; Massimo Tornatore. Online Virtual Machine Evacuation for Disaster Resilience in Inter-Data Center Networks. IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management 2021, 18, 1990 -2001.
AMA StyleOmran Ayoub, Amaro De Sousa, Silvia Mendieta, Francesco Musumeci, Massimo Tornatore. Online Virtual Machine Evacuation for Disaster Resilience in Inter-Data Center Networks. IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management. 2021; 18 (2):1990-2001.
Chicago/Turabian StyleOmran Ayoub; Amaro De Sousa; Silvia Mendieta; Francesco Musumeci; Massimo Tornatore. 2021. "Online Virtual Machine Evacuation for Disaster Resilience in Inter-Data Center Networks." IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management 18, no. 2: 1990-2001.
Filterless Optical Networks (FONs) in which optical nodes are formed by only passive splitters and combiners, are widely-adopted technical solution for transport networks, especially in the metro area, where relatively-low nodal degrees and limited link lengths allow to limit waste of wavelengths due to the broadcast nature of FONs. Up to now, FONs have been mostly deployed for scenarios where traffic requests are expected to be mostly static. However, considering emerging adoption of 5G services characterized by high traffic dynamics and thanks to recent advances in Network Function Virtualization, operators are now expected to perform more adaptive service provisioning and, consequently, dynamic network reconfiguration. In other words, it is possible to realize 5G services as Service Chains (SCs), using software components running on commodity servers in an agile way. In this work, we investigate the behavior of FONs under dynamic settings, considering that SC requests vary dynamically during the day. To this end, we provide an algorithm to perform dynamic service chaining in metro-aggregation networks, which considers the intrinsic wavelength broadcast nature in FONs. To provision services we need to allocate both computational and network resources to them. We consider two different traffic scenarios, with high dynamicity and low dynamicity, where the holding time of SCs ranges from a few seconds to a few minutes. Our illustrative numerical results, obtained using realistic network settings, show that FON architectures require the deployment of computational resources at all network nodes and the use of a filterless-aware SC provisioning algorithm to provide a performance in terms of provisioned bandwidth comparable to active optical networks. In particular, FONs (with additional investment in terms of computational resources) can outperform active networks under traffic with low dynamicity, while under high dynamic traffic FONs show acceptable performance slightly short of that of active networks.
Leila Askari; Omran Ayoub; Francesco Musumeci; Massimo Tornatore. On Dynamic Service Chaining in Filterless Optical Metro-Aggregation Networks. IEEE Access 2020, 8, 222233 -222241.
AMA StyleLeila Askari, Omran Ayoub, Francesco Musumeci, Massimo Tornatore. On Dynamic Service Chaining in Filterless Optical Metro-Aggregation Networks. IEEE Access. 2020; 8 (99):222233-222241.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLeila Askari; Omran Ayoub; Francesco Musumeci; Massimo Tornatore. 2020. "On Dynamic Service Chaining in Filterless Optical Metro-Aggregation Networks." IEEE Access 8, no. 99: 222233-222241.
Automated failure-cause identification in communication networks allows operators to reduce service unavailability. Once the most likely failure root-cause is identified, appropriate countermeasures can be effectively put in place (e.g., by choosing an in-field intervention vs. a remote equipment reconfiguration). In this paper, we describe a successful application of Machine Learning (ML) for automatic failure identification in microwave networks based on the real-field data. On microwave links, different heterogeneous causes (e.g., adverse atmospheric conditions, or obstacles) lead to service unavailability and produce not easily-distinguishable degradation effects on the transmission parameters. Hence, failure identification is traditionally accomplished by domain experts via direct inspection of transmission-parameter logs. As a first contribution, we identify six categories of failure causes in microwave networks and show that supervised ML enables very accurate failure identification, hence significantly simplifying failure troubleshooting. Comparing various ML algorithms, we find that up to 93% classification accuracy is obtained using real-field labeled datasets with 2513 points. One main hindrance to the application of supervised learning is that, in real network deployments, limited amount of labeled data is available for training, as manual labeling is performed by domain experts based on their knowledge and experience. On the other hand, collecting unlabeled data is relatively simple as network management systems retrieve large amounts of unlabeled information automatically. As a second contribution, we investigate an automated labeling procedure, based on autoencoders-like Artificial Neural Networks, to combine the knowledge of the few manually-labeled data with large unlabeled data. Results show that our data augmentation based on autoencoders can slightly improve failure-cause identification only when Artificial Neural Networks or Support Vector Machines are used, while accuracy slightly decreases when adopting Random Forest.
Francesco Musumeci; Luca Magni; Omran Ayoub; Roberto Rubino; Massimiliano Capacchione; Gabriele Rigamonti; Michele Milano; Claudio Passera; Massimo Tornatore. Supervised and Semi-Supervised Learning for Failure Identification in Microwave Networks. IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management 2020, 18, 1934 -1945.
AMA StyleFrancesco Musumeci, Luca Magni, Omran Ayoub, Roberto Rubino, Massimiliano Capacchione, Gabriele Rigamonti, Michele Milano, Claudio Passera, Massimo Tornatore. Supervised and Semi-Supervised Learning for Failure Identification in Microwave Networks. IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management. 2020; 18 (2):1934-1945.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrancesco Musumeci; Luca Magni; Omran Ayoub; Roberto Rubino; Massimiliano Capacchione; Gabriele Rigamonti; Michele Milano; Claudio Passera; Massimo Tornatore. 2020. "Supervised and Semi-Supervised Learning for Failure Identification in Microwave Networks." IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management 18, no. 2: 1934-1945.
Filterless Optical Networks (FONs) represent a novel cost-effective solution for metro optical networks, that allows to achieve equipment-cost savings by removing expensive optical-switching components from network nodes. In this study, we investigate how to further reduce equipment cost in FONs by minimizing amplifiers’ cost. We propose a Genetic Algorithm (GA) for placing boosters, inline amplifiers and pre-amplifiers in FONs with the objective of minimizing amplifiers cost. We provide two versions of the GA and compare their performance against a baseline amplifier placement in terms of amplifiers cost and quality-of-transmission (QoT), i.e., lightpaths OSNR and received power. Moreover, we provide a comparison between filterless and wavelength-switched architectures. Simulative results achieved over realistic network topologies show significant amplifier cost savings, up to 60% compared to baseline approaches.
Memedhe Ibrahimi; Omran Ayoub; Oleg Karandin; Francesco Musumeci; Andrea Castoldi; Rosanna Pastorelli; Massimo Tornatore. QoT-Aware Optical Amplifier Placement in Filterless Metro Networks. IEEE Communications Letters 2020, 25, 931 -935.
AMA StyleMemedhe Ibrahimi, Omran Ayoub, Oleg Karandin, Francesco Musumeci, Andrea Castoldi, Rosanna Pastorelli, Massimo Tornatore. QoT-Aware Optical Amplifier Placement in Filterless Metro Networks. IEEE Communications Letters. 2020; 25 (3):931-935.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMemedhe Ibrahimi; Omran Ayoub; Oleg Karandin; Francesco Musumeci; Andrea Castoldi; Rosanna Pastorelli; Massimo Tornatore. 2020. "QoT-Aware Optical Amplifier Placement in Filterless Metro Networks." IEEE Communications Letters 25, no. 3: 931-935.
Hao Yu; Francesco Musumeci; Jiawei Zhang; Massimo Tornatore; Lin Bai; Yuefeng Ji. Dynamic 5G RAN slice adjustment and migration based on traffic prediction in WDM metro-aggregation networks. Journal of Optical Communications and Networking 2020, 12, 1 .
AMA StyleHao Yu, Francesco Musumeci, Jiawei Zhang, Massimo Tornatore, Lin Bai, Yuefeng Ji. Dynamic 5G RAN slice adjustment and migration based on traffic prediction in WDM metro-aggregation networks. Journal of Optical Communications and Networking. 2020; 12 (12):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHao Yu; Francesco Musumeci; Jiawei Zhang; Massimo Tornatore; Lin Bai; Yuefeng Ji. 2020. "Dynamic 5G RAN slice adjustment and migration based on traffic prediction in WDM metro-aggregation networks." Journal of Optical Communications and Networking 12, no. 12: 1.
Leila Askari; Francesco Musumeci; Massimo Tornatore. Re-provisioning for Latency-aware Dynamic Service Chaining in Metro-Networks. Journal of Optical Communications and Networking 2020, 12, 1 .
AMA StyleLeila Askari, Francesco Musumeci, Massimo Tornatore. Re-provisioning for Latency-aware Dynamic Service Chaining in Metro-Networks. Journal of Optical Communications and Networking. 2020; 12 (11):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLeila Askari; Francesco Musumeci; Massimo Tornatore. 2020. "Re-provisioning for Latency-aware Dynamic Service Chaining in Metro-Networks." Journal of Optical Communications and Networking 12, no. 11: 1.
Emerging 5G services are revolutionizing the way operators manage and optimize their optical metro networks, and the metro network design process must be rethought accordingly. In particular, minimizing network cost is crucial to curb operators' investment. Taking advantage of relatively-short distances in metro networks, operators have the opportunity to optimize the placement of Optical Amplifiers (OAs) with the goal of minimizing amplifiers' cost (and hence decrease network cost) without significantly affecting the quality of transmitted optical signals. Minimizing OA cost translates not only in minimizing the cost of equipment (i.e., boosters, pre-amplifiers and inline amplifiers), but also in minimizing deployment and maintenance costs of active amplifier sites. In this paper, we propose a heuristic algorithm for OA placement and for the Routing and Spectrum Assignment (RSA) in metro networks, with the objective of minimizing the total cost of OAs while guaranteeing sufficient Optical-Signal-to-Noise-Ratio (OSNR) of established lightpaths. In our approach, we consider different cost for the deployed OAs, according to their location and type, i.e., inline amplifiers (ILAs), boosters and pre-amplifiers, and compare our optimized placement against benchmark strategies where OAs are pre-deployed at network nodes and at a fixed distance one from the other along optical fiber links. We also evaluate the impact of different routing strategies on the total cost and utilized spectrum. Simulative results, performed over realistic metro network topologies, show that our strategy provides up to 47% OAs cost savings while satisfying minimum OSNR constraints.
Memedhe Ibrahimi; Omran Ayoub; Francesco Musumeci; Oleg Karandin; Andrea Castoldi; Rosanna Pastorelli; Massimo Tornatore. Minimum-Cost Optical Amplifier Placement in Metro Networks. Journal of Lightwave Technology 2020, 38, 3221 -3228.
AMA StyleMemedhe Ibrahimi, Omran Ayoub, Francesco Musumeci, Oleg Karandin, Andrea Castoldi, Rosanna Pastorelli, Massimo Tornatore. Minimum-Cost Optical Amplifier Placement in Metro Networks. Journal of Lightwave Technology. 2020; 38 (12):3221-3228.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMemedhe Ibrahimi; Omran Ayoub; Francesco Musumeci; Oleg Karandin; Andrea Castoldi; Rosanna Pastorelli; Massimo Tornatore. 2020. "Minimum-Cost Optical Amplifier Placement in Metro Networks." Journal of Lightwave Technology 38, no. 12: 3221-3228.
Network operators must continuously explore new network architectures to satisfy increasing traffic demand due to bandwidth-hungry services, such as video-on-demand (VoD). A promising solution which enables offloading traffic consists of terminating VoD requests locally through deploying caches at the network edge. However, deciding the number of caches to deploy, their locations in the network and their dimensions in terms of storage capacity is not trivial and must be jointly optimized, to reduce costs and utilize network resources efficiently. In this paper, we aim to find the optimal deployment of caches in a hierarchical metro network, which minimizes the overall network resource occupation for VoD services, in terms of number of caches deployed across the various network levels, their locations and their dimensions (i.e., storage capacity), under limited storage capacity. We first propose an analytical model which serves as a tool to find the optimal deployment as a function of various parameters, such as popularity distribution and location of metro cache. Then, we present a discrete-event simulator for dynamic VoD provisioning to verify the correctness of the analytical model and to measure the performance of different cache deployment strategies in terms of overall network resource occupation. We prove that, to minimize resource occupation given a fixed budget in terms of storage capacity, storage capacity must be distributed among caches at different layers of the metro network. Moreover, we provide guidelines for the optimal cache deployment strategy when the available storage capacity is limited. We further show how the optimal deployment of caches across the various metro network levels varies depending on the popularity distribution, the metro network topology and the amount of storage capacity available (i.e., the budget invested in terms of storage capacity).
Omran Ayoub; Davide Andreoletti; Francesco Musumeci; Massimo Tornatore; Achille Pattavina. Optimal Cache Deployment for Video-On-Demand in Optical Metro Edge Nodes under Limited Storage Capacity. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 1984 .
AMA StyleOmran Ayoub, Davide Andreoletti, Francesco Musumeci, Massimo Tornatore, Achille Pattavina. Optimal Cache Deployment for Video-On-Demand in Optical Metro Edge Nodes under Limited Storage Capacity. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (6):1984.
Chicago/Turabian StyleOmran Ayoub; Davide Andreoletti; Francesco Musumeci; Massimo Tornatore; Achille Pattavina. 2020. "Optimal Cache Deployment for Video-On-Demand in Optical Metro Edge Nodes under Limited Storage Capacity." Applied Sciences 10, no. 6: 1984.
To meet emerging mobile traffic requirements, Centralized Radio Access Network (C-RAN) has been proposed to split the base station (BS) into two functional entities: the baseband units (BBU) and the remote radio heads (RRH). In C-RAN, by centralizing BBUs into BBU pools and leaving the RRHs in the cell sites, significant cost and energy savings and improved radio coordination can be achieved. However, C-RAN requires a costly high-capacity and low-latency access/aggregation network to support fronthaul traffic (i.e., digitized baseband signal). Hence, more recently, a new C-RAN architecture has been proposed (i.e., by 3GPP, IEEE 1914 WG), that defines three baseband function entities (or “splits”): central unit (CU), distributed unit (DU) and remote unit (RU). These three entities are expected to be interconnected by two external interfaces, called F1 and Fx. By transforming the RAN into a 3-layer (CU-DU-RU) architecture, more flexible deployment of the baseband functions can be achieved that better adapts to the heterogeneous characteristics of incoming 5G service requirements. It is also expected that, by properly placing CUs and DUs in the metro/aggregation network, higher benefits in terms of cost and power consumption can be achieved with respect to the previous 2-layer (BBU-RRH) architecture. In this paper, we investigate the optimal CU/DU placement problem in a 3-layer RAN architecture and formalize it by integer linear programming. We evaluate the benefits of the 3-layer architecture compared to the 2-layer architecture, showing that the consolidation degree of baseband processing depends heavily on fronthaul traffic latency, transport network capacity and processing capacity.
Hao Yu; Francesco Musumeci; Jiawei Zhang; Yuming Xiao; Massimo Tornatore; Yuefeng Ji. DU/CU Placement for C-RAN over Optical Metro-Aggregation Networks. Transactions on Petri Nets and Other Models of Concurrency XV 2020, 82 -93.
AMA StyleHao Yu, Francesco Musumeci, Jiawei Zhang, Yuming Xiao, Massimo Tornatore, Yuefeng Ji. DU/CU Placement for C-RAN over Optical Metro-Aggregation Networks. Transactions on Petri Nets and Other Models of Concurrency XV. 2020; ():82-93.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHao Yu; Francesco Musumeci; Jiawei Zhang; Yuming Xiao; Massimo Tornatore; Yuefeng Ji. 2020. "DU/CU Placement for C-RAN over Optical Metro-Aggregation Networks." Transactions on Petri Nets and Other Models of Concurrency XV , no. : 82-93.
Hao Yu; Francesco Musumeci; Jiawei Zhang; Massimo Tornatore; Yuefeng Ji. Isolation-Aware 5G RAN Slice Mapping Over WDM Metro-Aggregation Networks. Journal of Lightwave Technology 2020, 38, 1125 -1137.
AMA StyleHao Yu, Francesco Musumeci, Jiawei Zhang, Massimo Tornatore, Yuefeng Ji. Isolation-Aware 5G RAN Slice Mapping Over WDM Metro-Aggregation Networks. Journal of Lightwave Technology. 2020; 38 (6):1125-1137.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHao Yu; Francesco Musumeci; Jiawei Zhang; Massimo Tornatore; Yuefeng Ji. 2020. "Isolation-Aware 5G RAN Slice Mapping Over WDM Metro-Aggregation Networks." Journal of Lightwave Technology 38, no. 6: 1125-1137.
We demonstrate the recurrent reconfiguration of virtual network function placement and routing and wavelength assignment in optical metro networks supporting 5G services. Reconfiguration solutions are provided by a dedicated planning-tool module.
Guido Maier; Leila Askari; Sebastian Troia; Ligia Maria Moreira Zorello; Francesco Musumeci; Massimo Tornatore. Reconfiguration of VNF Placement in an Optical Metro Network by a Modular Planning Tool. Optical Fiber Communication Conference (OFC) 2020 2020, W2A.27 .
AMA StyleGuido Maier, Leila Askari, Sebastian Troia, Ligia Maria Moreira Zorello, Francesco Musumeci, Massimo Tornatore. Reconfiguration of VNF Placement in an Optical Metro Network by a Modular Planning Tool. Optical Fiber Communication Conference (OFC) 2020. 2020; ():W2A.27.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGuido Maier; Leila Askari; Sebastian Troia; Ligia Maria Moreira Zorello; Francesco Musumeci; Massimo Tornatore. 2020. "Reconfiguration of VNF Placement in an Optical Metro Network by a Modular Planning Tool." Optical Fiber Communication Conference (OFC) 2020 , no. : W2A.27.
Network Function Virtualization (NFV) has changed the way operators can provision network services. Decoupling network functions from dedicated hardware and running them on software, on top of commodity servers and switches, not only helps operators have more flexible and easy-to-manage networks, but also reduces their capital and operational expenditures. This is especially true for incoming 5G services, characterized by ultra-low latency, high reliability and bandwidth requirements. To satisfy these challenging requirements, multi-layer optical networks based on Optical Transport Network (OTN) over wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) are being deployed in the metro segment to support 5G services. In addition, the possibility to equip metro nodes with computing capabilities, enabled by new paradigms such as CORD (Central Office Re-architected as a Datacenter) is being exploited. In this scenario, an efficient placement of Virtual Network Functions (VNFs) for Service Chain (SC) provisioning within the metro network is needed, and different VNF placement strategies can lead to different costs for network operators. In this paper we analyze the impact of different VNF placement strategies on the optical metro network cost, considering specific Service Level Agreement (SLA) requirements, expressed in terms of service blocking probability. We provide a cost model which takes into consideration both capital and operational expenditures. Through extensive numerical results, we quantify the impact of using a cost-effective VNF placement strategy in decreasing network cost while meeting the desired SLA performance.
Leila Askari; Francesco Musumeci; Massimo Tornatore. A Techno-Economic Evaluation of VNF Placement Strategies in Optical Metro Networks. 2019 4th International Conference on Computing, Communications and Security (ICCCS) 2019, 1 -8.
AMA StyleLeila Askari, Francesco Musumeci, Massimo Tornatore. A Techno-Economic Evaluation of VNF Placement Strategies in Optical Metro Networks. 2019 4th International Conference on Computing, Communications and Security (ICCCS). 2019; ():1-8.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLeila Askari; Francesco Musumeci; Massimo Tornatore. 2019. "A Techno-Economic Evaluation of VNF Placement Strategies in Optical Metro Networks." 2019 4th International Conference on Computing, Communications and Security (ICCCS) , no. : 1-8.
Most of today's cloud applications are delivered by Cloud Service Providers (CSPs) on top of a physical network managed by one or multiple Infrastructure Providers (InPs). This new way of delivering services is impacting InPs' revenues, as InPs are only responsible for transporting data to users. Network Function Virtualization (NFV) was proposed to help InPs gain more flexibility in provisioning new services over their networks, hence achieving lower capital and operational costs, keeping stable revenue margins, and resisting the competition of CSPs (e.g., the “Over-The-Top”players). NFV aims at moving from the traditional approach of network functions running over dedicated hardware (e.g., firewall, NAT, etc.) into virtualized software modules running on top of Commercial Off The Shelf (COTS) equipment. However, deploying NFV in an operational network requires addressing two fundamental problems. The first consists on determining the locations where Virtual Network Functions (VNFs) will be hosted (i.e., VNF placement) and the second on how to properly steer network traffic to traverse the required VNFs in the right order (i.e, routing), thus provisioning network services in the form of Service Function Chains (SFCs). In this work we try to solve both problems focusing our analysis on a metro-regional scenario, where link bandwidth and COTS node processing capacity is inherently limited and where the current trend consists on moving towards a Fixed and Mobile Convergence (FMC) network infrastructure. We propose and compare different heuristic strategies for SFC provisioning, characterized by latency and/or capacity awareness (i.e., able to best exploit latency of links and/or processing capacity of COTS nodes for an effective placement of VNFs) and by the adoption of a load balancing policy for traffic routing, with the aim of maximally consolidating VNFs. We assess the benefits of our strategies against a state-of-the-art algorithm, both in terms of number of required COTS nodes in the metro/access network and of SFC acceptance ratio. Our findings indicate that combining latency and capacity awareness in the VNF placement process with a load-balancing routing strategy brings high benefits in terms of VNF consolidation and SFC acceptance ratio.
Ali Hmaity; Marco Savi; Leila Askari; Francesco Musumeci; Massimo Tornatore; Achille Pattavina. Latency- and capacity-aware placement of chained Virtual Network Functions in FMC metro networks. Optical Switching and Networking 2019, 35, 100536 .
AMA StyleAli Hmaity, Marco Savi, Leila Askari, Francesco Musumeci, Massimo Tornatore, Achille Pattavina. Latency- and capacity-aware placement of chained Virtual Network Functions in FMC metro networks. Optical Switching and Networking. 2019; 35 ():100536.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAli Hmaity; Marco Savi; Leila Askari; Francesco Musumeci; Massimo Tornatore; Achille Pattavina. 2019. "Latency- and capacity-aware placement of chained Virtual Network Functions in FMC metro networks." Optical Switching and Networking 35, no. : 100536.
Recently, Machine Learning (ML) has attracted the attention of both researchers and practitioners to address several issues in the optical networking field. This trend has been mainly driven by the huge amount of available data (i.e., signal quality indicators, network alarms, etc.) and to the large number of optimization parameters which feature current optical networks (such as, modulation format, lightpath routes, transport wavelength, etc.). In this paper, we leverage the techniques from the ML discipline to efficiently accomplish the Routing and Wavelength Assignment (RWA) for an input traffic matrix in an optical WDM network. Numerical results show that near-optimal RWA can be obtained with our approach, while reducing computational time up to 93% in comparison to a traditional optimization approach based on Integer Linear Programming. Moreover, to further demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach, we deployed the ML classifier into an ONOS-based Software Defined Optical Network laboratory testbed, where we evaluate the performance of the overall RWA process in terms of computational time.
Ignacio Martin; Sebastian Troia; Jose Alberto Hernandez; Alberto Rodriguez; Francesco Musumeci; Guido Maier; Rodolfo Alvizu; Oscar Gonzalez de Dios. Machine Learning-Based Routing and Wavelength Assignment in Software-Defined Optical Networks. IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management 2019, 16, 871 -883.
AMA StyleIgnacio Martin, Sebastian Troia, Jose Alberto Hernandez, Alberto Rodriguez, Francesco Musumeci, Guido Maier, Rodolfo Alvizu, Oscar Gonzalez de Dios. Machine Learning-Based Routing and Wavelength Assignment in Software-Defined Optical Networks. IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management. 2019; 16 (3):871-883.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIgnacio Martin; Sebastian Troia; Jose Alberto Hernandez; Alberto Rodriguez; Francesco Musumeci; Guido Maier; Rodolfo Alvizu; Oscar Gonzalez de Dios. 2019. "Machine Learning-Based Routing and Wavelength Assignment in Software-Defined Optical Networks." IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management 16, no. 3: 871-883.
Failure management plays a role of capital importance in optical networks to avoid service disruptions and to satisfy customers' service level agreements. Machine Learning (ML) promises to revolutionize the (mostly manual and human-driven) approaches in which failure management in optical networks has been traditionally managed, by introducing automated methods for failure prediction, detection, localization and identification. This tutorial provides a gentle introduction to some ML techniques that have been recently applied in the field of optical-network failure management. It then introduces a taxonomy to classify failure-management tasks and discusses possible applications of ML for these failure management tasks. Finally, for a reader interested in more implementative details, we provide a step-by-step description of how to solve a representative example of a practical failure-management task.
Francesco Musumeci; Cristina Emma Margherita Rottondi; Giorgio Corani; Shahin Shahkarami; Filippo Cugini; Massimo Tornatore. A Tutorial on Machine Learning for Failure Management in Optical Networks. Journal of Lightwave Technology 2019, 37, 4125 -4139.
AMA StyleFrancesco Musumeci, Cristina Emma Margherita Rottondi, Giorgio Corani, Shahin Shahkarami, Filippo Cugini, Massimo Tornatore. A Tutorial on Machine Learning for Failure Management in Optical Networks. Journal of Lightwave Technology. 2019; 37 (16):4125-4139.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrancesco Musumeci; Cristina Emma Margherita Rottondi; Giorgio Corani; Shahin Shahkarami; Filippo Cugini; Massimo Tornatore. 2019. "A Tutorial on Machine Learning for Failure Management in Optical Networks." Journal of Lightwave Technology 37, no. 16: 4125-4139.
Optical metro networks are currently evolving in response to the new requirements of emerging 5G services. Network Function Virtualization (NFV) is being leveraged as a platform to dynamically provision these services on top of Virtual Network Functions (VNFs), and central offices in metro areas are being upgraded to host processing units that can host the needed to provision services with stringent-latency and high-bandwidth requirements closer to users (i.e., edge computing). By concatenating these VNFs in a specific order and route traffic among them, operators generate a so-called “Service Chain“(SC). Considering the fact that, new 5G services have bandwidth requirements typically with sub-wavelength granularity, traffic grooming is required to achieve efficient network resources utilization. Since grooming affects the end-to-end latency of provisioned services, we investigate how to perform latency-aware traffic grooming, and we propose an algorithm for dynamic SC provisioning, that considers the latency requirements of each SC to decide about if grooming shall be allowed at intermediate network nodes. Our proposed algorithm tries to minimize the blocked bandwidth as well as number of nodes to host VNFs in the network (NFV-nodes) considering the nodes computational capacity, links bandwidth and end-to-end latency constraints. Results obtained from numerical evaluation show that, our algorithm is able to reduce the number of NFV-nodes up to 50%, while keeping amount of blocked bandwidth below a specific threshold.
Leila Askari; Francesco Musumeci; Massimo Tornatore. Latency-Aware Traffic Grooming for Dynamic Service Chaining in Metro Networks. ICC 2019 - 2019 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC) 2019, 1 -6.
AMA StyleLeila Askari, Francesco Musumeci, Massimo Tornatore. Latency-Aware Traffic Grooming for Dynamic Service Chaining in Metro Networks. ICC 2019 - 2019 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC). 2019; ():1-6.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLeila Askari; Francesco Musumeci; Massimo Tornatore. 2019. "Latency-Aware Traffic Grooming for Dynamic Service Chaining in Metro Networks." ICC 2019 - 2019 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC) , no. : 1-6.
Centralized radio access networks (C-RANs) have recently been proposed to cope with the unprecedented requirements of future 5G services, in terms of network capacity, latency, service availability, and network coordination. C-RANs are based on the idea of separating baseband signal processing from radio units (RUs), namely, antenna sites in the mobile network, in such a way that baseband processing can eventually be concentrated in common locations, the central units (CUs), which can be shared among several RUs. Although C-RAN brings significant CapEx/OpEx savings, it also requires transport of high-capacity and low-latency fronthaul traffic. Hence, due to the highly dynamic nature of mobile traffic, proper placement of CUs in the optical access-aggregation network should adapt to spatio–temporal traffic variation while maintaining a high degree of RAN centralization and low service blocking. In this paper, we provide an adaptive latency-aware algorithm for dynamic CU placement in optical access-aggregation networks, which targets the minimization of the number of CUs and also preforms grooming, routing, and wavelength assignment (GRWA) for mobile network traffic demands. When given the possibility to perform CU handover, i.e., to move CUs even when they are active, our algorithm, also in high load situations, provides a low number of CUs compared with fixed CU placement and keeps the blocking probability within an acceptable range.
Francesco Musumeci; Omran Ayoub; Monica Magoni; Massimo Tornatore. Latency-Aware CU Placement/Handover in Dynamic WDM Access-Aggregation Networks. Journal of Optical Communications and Networking 2019, 11, B71 -B82.
AMA StyleFrancesco Musumeci, Omran Ayoub, Monica Magoni, Massimo Tornatore. Latency-Aware CU Placement/Handover in Dynamic WDM Access-Aggregation Networks. Journal of Optical Communications and Networking. 2019; 11 (4):B71-B82.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrancesco Musumeci; Omran Ayoub; Monica Magoni; Massimo Tornatore. 2019. "Latency-Aware CU Placement/Handover in Dynamic WDM Access-Aggregation Networks." Journal of Optical Communications and Networking 11, no. 4: B71-B82.
Francesco Musumeci; Konstantinos Kanonakis; Paolo Monti; Jiawei Zhang. Introduction to PNET special issue on “Resilience in future 5G photonic networks”. Photonic Network Communications 2019, 37, 263 -264.
AMA StyleFrancesco Musumeci, Konstantinos Kanonakis, Paolo Monti, Jiawei Zhang. Introduction to PNET special issue on “Resilience in future 5G photonic networks”. Photonic Network Communications. 2019; 37 (3):263-264.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrancesco Musumeci; Konstantinos Kanonakis; Paolo Monti; Jiawei Zhang. 2019. "Introduction to PNET special issue on “Resilience in future 5G photonic networks”." Photonic Network Communications 37, no. 3: 263-264.
The huge data demand envisioned for the 5G requires radical changes in the mobile network architecture and technology. Centralized radio access network (C-RAN) is introduced as a novel mobile network architecture, designed to effectively support the challenging requirements of the future 5G mobile networks. In C-RAN, BaseBand Units (BBUs) are physically separated from their corresponding radio remote heads (RRHs) and located in a central single physical location called BBU pool. The RRHs are connected to the BBU pool via the so-called fronthaul network. The “centralization” demonstrates remarkable benefits in terms of computational resources as well as power savings. Following this centralization, designing a survivable C-RAN becomes crucial as BBU pool and link failures might cause service outage for large number of users. In this paper, we propose three different approaches for the survivable BBU pool placement problem and traffic routing in C-RAN deployment over a 5G optical aggregation network. Namely, we define the following protection scenarios: (1) dedicated path protection, (2) dedicated BBU protection and (3) dedicated BBU and path protection. The three approaches are formalized as integer linear programming (ILP) problems. The ILPs objectives are to minimize the number of BBU pools, the number of used wavelengths and the baseband processing computational resources, in terms of giga operations per second. We provide numerical results to compare the aforementioned protection strategies considering different network topologies. The results show the effect of the latency and the transport–network capacity on the BBU placement. We show the trade-off between the centralization degree and the tight latency requirements. Moreover, we discuss important insights about considering the different objective functions for each protection approach.
Mohamed Shehata; Francesco Musumeci; Massimo Tornatore. Resilient BBU placement in 5G C-RAN over optical aggregation networks. Photonic Network Communications 2019, 37, 388 -398.
AMA StyleMohamed Shehata, Francesco Musumeci, Massimo Tornatore. Resilient BBU placement in 5G C-RAN over optical aggregation networks. Photonic Network Communications. 2019; 37 (3):388-398.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohamed Shehata; Francesco Musumeci; Massimo Tornatore. 2019. "Resilient BBU placement in 5G C-RAN over optical aggregation networks." Photonic Network Communications 37, no. 3: 388-398.
We propose a quality-of-transmission (QoT) aware heuristic algorithm for the placement of amplifiers in elastic metro-aggregation networks with the objective of minimizing their number while guaranteeing lightpaths' QoT. Results show that optimized amplifier placement can lead to significant reduction of amplifiers with respect to baseline approaches.
O. Ayoub; M. Ibrahimi; Francesco Musumeci; A. Castoldi; R. Pastorelli; M. Tornatore. Routing and Spectrum Allocation with Amplifier Placement in Elastic Metro-Aggregation Networks. 45th European Conference on Optical Communication (ECOC 2019) 2019, 1 .
AMA StyleO. Ayoub, M. Ibrahimi, Francesco Musumeci, A. Castoldi, R. Pastorelli, M. Tornatore. Routing and Spectrum Allocation with Amplifier Placement in Elastic Metro-Aggregation Networks. 45th European Conference on Optical Communication (ECOC 2019). 2019; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleO. Ayoub; M. Ibrahimi; Francesco Musumeci; A. Castoldi; R. Pastorelli; M. Tornatore. 2019. "Routing and Spectrum Allocation with Amplifier Placement in Elastic Metro-Aggregation Networks." 45th European Conference on Optical Communication (ECOC 2019) , no. : 1.