Background: The network pharmacology method was used to predict the active components of Banxia Xiexin decoction, its targets and the key signalling pathways that are activated in the treatment of depression and ulcerative colitis to explore the common mechanism. Methods: The active components and targets of Banxia Xiexin decoction were obtained by searching the ETCM,TCMSP and TCMIP database. The disease targets of depression and ulcerative colitis were obtained by combining the following the DisGeNET, OMIM,Drugbank,CTD and PharmGKB disease databases. The drug and disease target genes were obtained from the intersection of the herbal medicine targets and the disease targets and were imported into the STRING platform for the analysis of PPI network. The network modules were constructed using Cytoscape software. An analysis of the functional annotations of GO terms and KEGG signalling pathways was performed for each network module. Then, the tissue distribution, sub-cellular distribution and protein attributes of the key targets in the pathway were analysed by the BioGPS, Genecards and DisGeNET databases. Results: The mechanism of Banxia Xiexin Decoction in the treatment of depression and ulcerative colitis is related to drug reaction, steroid metabolism, lipid metabolism, inflammatory response, oxidative stress response, cell response to lipopolysaccharide, insulin secretion regulation, estradiol response and other biological functions, mainly through the regulation of 5-hydroxytryptamine synaptic, arachidonic acid metabolism, HIF-1 signaling pathway and NF-kappa B signaling pathway can achieve the effect of same treatment for different diseases. Conclusions: The mechanism of Banxia Xiexin Decoction in treating different diseases involves direct or indirect correlation of multiple signal pathways, mainly involved in drug metabolism and lipid metabolism, but also through comprehensive intervention of the body’s nervous system, immune system, digestive system and other systems. The effective components of Banxia Xiexin Decoction are mainly act on eight key target proteins (such as ALB, IL6, VEGFA, TNF, PTGS2, MAPK1, STAT3, EGFR) to carry out multi-target effect mechanism, biological mechanism of treating different diseases with the same treatment, and related mechanism of overall treatment, which provide theoretical reference for further research on the material basis and mechanism of Banxiaxiexin decoction on antidepressant and prevention and treatment of ulcerative colitis.

Introduction Romiplostim has been approved in Europe since 2009 to treat patients with chronic primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). Using real-world data from seven European countries, we measured the effectiveness and safety outcomes within 24 weeks following romiplostim initiation by duration of ITP: less than 3 months (“newly diagnosed”), 3–12 months (“persistent”), and more than 12 months (“chronic”). Methods Adults with ITP and ≥ 1 romiplostim administration between 2009 and 2012 were included. Endpoints included durable platelet response, median platelet count, rescue therapy, bleeding and adverse events. We used inverse probability of censoring weighted estimators to estimate cumulative risk of each outcome. There were 64 newly diagnosed, 50 persistent, and 226 chronic ITP patients at romiplostim initiation. Results Durable platelet response at 24 weeks ranged from 32% [confidence interval (CI): 18–46%] in newly diagnosed patients to 53% (CI 37–68%) in persistent patients. Median platelet count during follow-up ranged from 88 (CI 80–96) × 10⁹/L in chronic patients to 131 (CI 102–160) × 10⁹/L in newly diagnosed patients. Conclusion Regardless of ITP duration, over half of patients discontinued concomitant ITP medications. Few adverse events were observed. Although only approved for chronic patients, estimates of the romiplostim treatment effect were similar across patients being managed in European clinical practice, regardless of ITP duration at romiplostim initiation.

Background:: Traditional Chinese medicine has accumulated rich resources and experience through clinical research to explore the prevention and treatment of chronic cerebral circulatory insufficiency, but current medicine lacks in-depth research and confirmation on the established protocols and mechanism of prescribed TCMs at the macro and micro levels. Objective:: To explore the prescription of Chinese medicines for the treatment of chronic cerebral circulation insufficiency (CCCI) and to explore the mechanism of core drugs. Methods:: 229 Chinese prescriptions for CCCI were collected from CNKI, CBM, VIP and WANFANG databases for this study. The frequency and association rules of drugs were analyzed and the core drugs by TCMISSV2.5 software was extracted. The active ingredients and targets were obtained by TCMSP, and genes of CCCI were collected from the DisGeNET, OMIM, DrugBank disease databases. The intersection targets of herbal medicine and disease were imported into the STRING database for PPI network. The key targets were screened by the network topology algorithm. The Systems Dock website was used to verify the molecular docking. The GOEAST and DAVID tools were used to perform GO and KEGG pathway analysis with the key target genes. Results:: 117 drugs involved in 229 prescriptions were identified, 2 core drugs were identified. We identified 8 active ingredients, which were mandenol, myricanone, perlolyrine, senkyunone, wallichilide, sitosterol, beta-sitosterol and stigmasterol. 371 herbal targets predicted and 335 disease targets. The enrichment analysis showed that the core herbal medicines could prevent CCCI by 15 key signaling pathways. Conclusion:: There are direct or indirect connections in key signaling pathways, which not only participate in energy metabolism, hormone regulation, signal transduction, but also play a role in the comprehensive intervention of nervous system, immune system, circulatory system and other systems, which is consistent with the comprehensive pathogenesis of CCCI induced by multiple factors.

Background: Shugan Jieyu Capsule (SJC) is a pure Chinese medicine compound prepared with Hypericum perforatum and Acanthopanacis senticosi. SJC has been approved for the clinical treatment of depression, but the mechanism of action is still unclear. Objective: Network pharmacology, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulation (MDS) were applied in the present study to explore the potential mechanism of SJC in the treatment of depression. Methods: TCMSP, BATMAN-TCM, and HERB databases were used, and related literature was reviewed to screen the effective active ingredients of Hypericum perforatum and Acanthopanacis Senticosi. TCMSP, BATMAN-TCM, HERB, and STITCH databases were used to predict the potential targets of effective active ingredients. GeneCards database, DisGeNET database, and GEO data set were used to obtain depression targets and clarify the intersection targets of SJC and depression. STRING database and Cytoscape software were used to build a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of intersection targets and screen the core targets. The enrichment analysis on the intersection targets was conducted. Then the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve was constructed to verify the core targets. The pharmacokinetic characteristics of core active ingredients were predicted by SwissADME and pkCSM. Molecular docking was performed to verify the docking activity of the core active ingredients and core targets, and molecular dynamics simulations were performed to evaluate the accuracy of the docking complex. Results: We obtained 15 active ingredients and 308 potential drug targets with quercetin, kaempferol, luteolin, and hyperforin as the core active ingredients. We obtained 3598 targets of depression and 193 intersection targets of SJC and depression. A total of 9 core targets (AKT1, TNF, IL6, IL1B, VEGFA, JUN, CASP3, MAPK3, PTGS2) were screened with Cytoscape 3.8.2 software. A total of 442 GO entries and 165 KEGG pathways (p <0.01) were obtained from the enrichment analysis of the intersection targets, mainly enriched in IL-17, TNF, and MAPK signaling pathways. The pharmacokinetic characteristics of the 4 core active ingredients indicated that they could play a role in SJC antidepressants with fewer side effects. Molecular docking showed that the 4 core active components could effectively bind to the 8 core targets (AKT1, TNF, IL6, IL1B, VEGFA, JUN, CASP3, MAPK3, PTGS2), which were related to depression by the ROC curve. MDS showed that the docking complex was stable. Conclusion: SJC may treat depression by using active ingredients such as quercetin, kaempferol, luteolin, and hyperforin to regulate targets such as PTGS2 and CASP3 and signaling pathways such as IL-17, TNF, and MAPK, and participate in immune inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, neurogenesis, etc.

Background: Hand-foot-mouth is a viral infectious disease characterized by fever, hand foot rash and oral mucosal herpes caused by a variety of enteroviruses. It is often found in preschool children, and its immune system is not well developed, so it is very susceptible to infection by pathogens and epidemics, resulting in rapid progress of the disease. At present, the commonly used Chinese patent medicine oral liquid in our country has good clinical efficacy of antiviral, antibacterial, antiphlogistic and improving immunity, but there is no evidence to compare the clinical efficacy and safety of a variety of oral liquid of Chinese patent medicine. Therefore, this study is aim to use the network meta-analysis to integrate the clinical relevant evidence of direct and indirect comparative relationship, and to conduct quantitative comprehensive statistical analysis and sequencing after the aggregation of different Chinese patent medicine oral liquid with the same evidence body, and then the best clinical medication scheme is selected, which can provide reference value and evidence-based theoretical evidence for clinical optimization of drug selection. Methods: Comprehensive retrieval of CNKI, VIP, CBM, and WANFANG database and the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science and EMBASE database. Search and publish the clinical RCT of these 7 kinds of oral liquid of Chinese patent medicine compared with ribavirin or oral liquid of Chinese patent medicine. The retrieval time is from the establishment of the database to October 31st, 2021. The 2 first authors will screen the literatures that meets the inclusion criteria, extract the data independently according to the predesigned rules, and evaluate the literature quality and bias risk of the included research according to the Cochrane manual standard. Data merging and network meta-analysis were carried out with R programming software to evaluate the ranking probability of all interventions. Results: This network meta-analysis and probability ranking will identify the best Chinese patent medicine oral liquid treatment for Hand-foot-mouth. Conclusion: This study will provide systematic evidence-based medicine evidence for Chinese patent medicine oral liquid treatment for Hand-foot-mouth, and help clinicians, patients with poststroke depression and decision-makers to make more effective, safer and economic optimal treatment plan in the decision-making process. Registration number: INPLASY202210032. The protocol for this systematic review was registered on INPLASY and is available in full on the inplasy.com (https://inplasy.com/inplasy-2022–1-0032/).