Atom has been considered as a space of perfect vacuum and no energy loss takes place inside the atom. The purpose of the current research work is to prove that even fundamental particles receive energy from external sources for their motion. In order to prove this, the model of the solar system and its planets is selected. According to this proposed theory, even the gravitational attraction between planets and stars is due to external energy received through the hypothesized O- Dimension. O-dimension is a time-independent totally symmetric dimension filled with potential energy and it encircles every object from atom to galaxy as well as the whole Universe and imparts energy to the whole Universe. The gravitational force between two objects is a result of the energy shadow cast by them on each other. Mathematical model developed and applied to the Sun and planets in our solar system as well as Earth and moon and it fits with the values obtained by Newtonian theory, confirming the validity of the hypothesis.

This paper introduces a theoretical framework that bridges the conceptual divide between quantum mechanics and relativity by proposing a fundamental building block of the universe: the “Space-Time* quantum.” The theory posits that every object possesses an inherent property, Time* — defined as the reciprocal of its intrinsic frequency. The Space-Time* quantum is a composite entity, consisting of a timeless space energy and a kinetic Time* energy. This framework provides a new perspective on wave-particle duality, the double-slit experiment, and quantum entanglement. It re-examines the principles of Special Relativity, offering a conceptual and visual explanation of phenomena such as time dilation and length contraction as a consequence of changes in the Space-Time quanta. The theory also provides an alternative view on the origin of the universe and the nature of gravity, suggesting that gravitational effects arise from an energy deficiency rather than a curvature of spacetime. This paper establishes a conceptual foundation for further mathematical development to test and validate these new insights.

A novel theory of Quantum Gravity is proposed, asserting that the Universe’s fundamental forces are driven by external energy originating from the Space and Time Dimensions. The framework introduces Space-Time Quanta as the universe’s fundamental building blocks. Gravitational force is posited to arise from an energy shadow or energy deficiency between objects, replacing the conventional spacetime curvature model.The core achievement is the Unified Mass-Inertia Force Equation, which decomposes the force into two factors:1. Mass Factor M = MCS1 X MCS2: Associated with the Time Dimension, this factor dominates macroscopic gravity.2. Inertia Factor I = 1/ Dx^2: Associated with the Space Dimension, this factor governs microscopic interactions.Resulting in: Gravitational Force = K*M*Iwhere K = 63.87×G; M = MCS1×MCS2; I = 1/(Dx)2This unified model successfully validates all the regimes:• Quantum scale: The geometric contraction of the Dx factor models quark confinement, mathematically replacing the characteristic 1/R2 dependence at short range and the exponential force increase required for hadronisation.• Cosmological scale: The theory defines a Black Hole geometrically: The Singularity is defined as the resulting point of maximal energy consumption.• Visible scale: Dx, the factor or inertia factor is the diameter of the energy shadow cone that controls the Gravity between two objects [1,2].This work provides a mathematically robust, geometric alternative to current field theories, supporting the evolution of the Universe through external energy and its propagation by multiplication of Space-Time Quanta.PACS Nos.: 04.70.-s; 12.38.-t; 02.40.-k, 12.10.-g• PACS Nos.: 04.70.-s (Physics of black holes) • PACS Nos.: 12.38.-t (Quantum chromodynamics/Quarks) • PACS Nos.: 02.40.-k (Geometry, differential geometry, and topology) • PACS Nos.: 12.10.-g (Unified theories and models)

The Earth’s gravitational field undergoes systematic periodic modulation arising from interference between the Sun and Moon shadow cone zones. We present evidence for the Dx-Factor vortex— a previously unknown gravitational phenomenon with 29.53-day lunar synodic periodicity confirmed across six globally distributed superconducting gravimeter stations spanning 83° of latitude (60.2°N to 32.4°S). Analysis of 25+ years of IGETS Level 3 residual data yields 544 detected gravitational peaks across three primary validation stations on three continents. All three stations independently confirm the 29.53-day periodicity at extraordinary statistical confidence: Membach (50.6°N, Belgium) p ≈ 10⁻¹¹⁵; Medicina (44.5°N, Italy) p = 2.8×10⁻¹²⁴; Sutherland (32.4°S, South Africa) p = 3.0×10⁻⁶¹; combined p ≈ 10⁻³⁰⁰. The vortex arises from geometric interference between the Sun and Moon shadow cones, whose apices sit at Earth’s centre and whose bases expand across Earth’s surface. The gravitational anomaly is governed by: Δg(φ,Ψ) = A₀ × W(φ) × cos²(Ψ), where A₀ ≈ 300 nGal is the intrinsic amplitude, W(φ) is the dimensionless 1-minute measurement efficiency factor of IGETS instruments (not an intrinsic vortex property), and cos²(Ψ) is the cone-rim interference term (Ψ = lunar phase angle), producing equal peaks at New Moon and Full Moon (Ψ = 0° and 180°) and negative troughs at quadrature (Ψ = 90° and 270°). The vortex ring radius follows R(Ψ) = R₀ × sin(2Ψ) with R₀ ≈ 80°, reaching maximum size at Ψ = 45°. Epoch-folded analysis of 773 lunar cycles across four stations reveals that the ascending rim-crossing phase angle scales linearly with vortex core diameter at 0.56°/km (r² = 0.9985), confirming the ring expansion geometry. Metsahovi (60.2°N) exhibits a bimodal timing distribution with peaks at Ψ ≈ 24° (ascending) and Ψ ≈ 65° (descending), predicted by the ring model to within 0.6°. A universal gravitational energy diffusion coefficient K₀ = (2.816 ± 0.165) × 10⁷ m²/s is confirmed across all six stations to within 5.85%, with no station-specific fitting parameters. The Cibinong station (6.49°S, Indonesia) is predicted to show δg = 308.7 nGal as an immediate, falsifiable test from the existing IGETS archive. The discovery establishes: (1) the first observational evidence for gravitational shadow cone interference at Earth’s surface; (2) a complete predictive model explaining timing, amplitude, and sign at all six stations; (3) a new planetary habitability criterion — the Moon-Sun angular diameter ratio of 0.971 (within 3% of unity) is unique in the solar system; and (4) five falsifiable predictions for community validation, including single-event detection at equatorial stations using 1-second gravimeter data.

This article presents a geometric completion of gravitational and quantum mechanics within the Dx framework. We re-evaluate the fabric of matter, defining it as a dual complex wave function composed of a Space Fraction (ρ, governing mass and potential energy) and a Time Fraction (ϕ, governing frequency and kinetic energy). The universal vacuum flux (Ξ_vac) is the fundamental precursor to all forces; electromagnetism and gravity are simply different manifestations of how this flux twists or gets obstructed across different dimensions.When matter approaches an extreme gravitational region like a Schwarzschild black hole, it undergoes a discrete Z₂ symmetry transition at a clear boundary. Instead of collapsing into an infinitely dense point (a classical singularity), the physical mass is decelerated by an inverted, repulsive dynamic force, establishing a strict kinematic entry throttle of v_entry = αc. Within this non-singular halted core, the translational momentum of opposing helical waves locks into a stationary state, cleanly separating the space and time fractions. By evaluating the precise topological phase-space volumes required to execute this 1D transition gate (π), anchor the 3D stationary core (π²), and unitarily store the background kinetic flux in an orthogonal 4D Hilbert space (4π³), we derive the low-energy fine-structure constant (1/α ≈ 137.036) directly from pure geometry.Crucially, this framework mathematically forbids matter from accelerating to as it crosses the horizon. The geometric throttle of the boundary restricts the entry velocity of infalling matter to exactly . We present a direct observational challenge to the astrophysics community: re-evaluate recent X-ray spectra from the plunging regions inside the ISCO.