Objective: This meta-analysis includes the systematic literature review and meta-analysis involving clinical trials to assess the efficacy and safety of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation for treating T1DM and T2DM.Methods: We searched PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, clinicaltrials.gov, and Cochrane Library for “published” research from their inception until November 2023. Two researchers independently reviewed the studies’ inclusion and exclusion criteria. Our meta-analysis included 13 studies on MSC treatment for diabetes.Results: The MSC-treated group had a significantly lower HbA1c at the last follow-up compared to the baseline (MD: 0.95, 95% CI: 0.33 to 1.57, P-value: 0.003< 0.05), their insulin requirement was significantly lower (MD: 0.19, 95% CI: 0.07 to 0.31, P-value: 0.002< 0.05), the level of FBG with MSC transplantation significantly dropped compared to baseline (MD: 1.78, 95% CI: -1.02 to 4.58, P-value: 0.212), the FPG level of the MSC-treated group was significantly lower (MD: -0.77, 95% CI: -2.36 to 0.81, P-value: 0.339 > 0.05), and the fasting C-peptide level of the MSC-treated group was slightly high (MD: -0.02, 95% CI: -0.07 to 0.02, P-value: 0.231 > 0.05).Conclusion: The transplantation of MSCs has been found to positively impact both types of diabetes mellitus without signs of apparent adverse effects.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) often causes chronic kidney damage despite best medical practices. Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) arises from a complex interaction of factors within the kidney and the whole body. Targeting specific disease-causing agents using drugs has not been effective in treating DKD. However, stem cell therapies offer a promising alternative by addressing multiple disease pathways and promoting kidney regeneration. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) offer great promise due to their superior accessibility ratio from adult tissues and remarkable modes of action, such as the production of paracrine anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective substances. This review critically evaluates the development of MSC treatment for DKD as it moves closer to clinical application. Results from animal models suggest that systemic MSC infusion may positively impact DKD progression. However, few registered and completed clinical trials exist, and whether the treatments are effective in humans is still being determined. Significant knowledge gaps and research opportunities exist, including establishing the ideal source, dose, and timing of MSC delivery, better understanding of in vivo mechanisms, and developing quantitative indicators to obtain a more significant therapeutic response. This paper reviews recent literature on using MSCs in preclinical and clinical trials in DKD. Potent biomarkers related to DKD are also highlighted, which may help better understand MSCs’ action in this disease progression. Key messages: Mesenchymal stem cells have anti-inflammatory and paracrine effects in diabetic kidney disease. Mesenchymal stem cells alleviate in animal models having diabetic kidney disease. Mesenchymal stem cells possess promise for the treatment of diabetic kidney disease.

Previous preclinical research and human trials have demonstrated that intravenous cell administration is a safe and successful treatment method for improving the quality of life in patients with a variety of illnesses. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety profile of mesenchymal stem cells administered intravenously. We explored PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, ClinicalTrials.gov, and the Cochrane Library for published research from their creation through December 2024, following PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Two researchers independently assessed the study’s inclusion and exclusion criteria, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment. Our meta-analysis includes 36 studies on mesenchymal stem cell therapy by intravenous method. The safety profile of mesenchymal stem cell therapy was evaluated across various adverse event categories using meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials. Twenty-two randomized controlled trials assessed general disorders and administration site conditions, showing no statistically significant increase in adverse event risk in the mesenchymal stem cell group compared to controls (log odds ratio [OR]: 0.29, 95% confidence interval [CI]: –0.15 to 0.73, P = 0.201). Similarly, analyses of musculoskeletal/connective tissue disorders (four randomized controlled trials, log OR: –0.26, 95% CI: –1.81 to 1.29, P = 0.742) and renal/urinary disorders (five randomized controlled trials, log OR: 0.30, 95% CI: –0.59 to 1.19, P = 0.511) revealed non-significant results. Conversely, a statistically significant increase in nervous system disorders was observed (thirteen randomized controlled trials, log OR: 0.54, 95% CI: –0.05 to 1.13, P = 0.072). Infection-related adverse events, evaluated in twenty randomized controlled trials, showed a slight but significant elevated risk in the mesenchymal stem cell group (log OR: –0.32, 95% CI: –0.61 to -0.02, P = 0.036). Gastrointestinal disorders (five randomized controlled trials, log OR: 0.00, 95% CI: –0.33 to 0.33, P = 0.988), respiratory/thoracic disorders (eight randomized controlled trials, log OR: –0.12, 95% CI: –0.67 to 0.42, P = 0.652), and immune system disorders (three randomized controlled trials, log OR: –0.97, 95% CI: –2.42 to 0.49, P = 0.193) did not show significant risk increases. Injury and procedural complications (five randomized controlled trials) also demonstrated a non-significant trend. Heterogeneity was minimal across all analyses, and no substantial publication bias or influential studies were identified. While most findings support the safety of mesenchymal stem cell therapies, significant results for nervous system and infection-related adverse events warrant further investigation. We conclude that intravenous delivery of mesenchymal stem cells is safe for many conditions. However, large-scale randomized controlled trials are required to confirm the findings.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a consortium of developmental conditions. As scientists have not yet identified the exact underlying cause for these disorders, it is not easy to narrow down a sin... Tweetable abstract Summary of the current trends and outcomes of clinical trials conducted using different autologous and allogeneic cellular approaches to investigate cellular therapies’ use, safe...

Diabetes typically leads to repercussions such as chronic kidney disease (CKD), a worldwide health problem. Dialysis is typical for severe renal function loss (eGFR 15), but complications continue to exist. Chronic dialysis shortens life expectancy, and the wait for a transplant can be long, resulting in significant mortality. Human umbilical cord-derived Wharton’s jelly mesenchymal stem cells (hWJ-MSCs) have shown potential in regenerative healthcare for kidney repair, with unique capacities in restoring function and repairing damaged kidneys in animal models of chronic renal failure. The need to advance alternative medicines, such as regenerative medicine, in addressing crucial concerns in CKD care is stressed. We present the first case report in humans of a 70-year-old male with stage V chronic kidney disease caused by type 2 diabetes mellitus who received allogenic hWJ-MSCs and exosomes. The procedure includes the intravenous infusion of 100 million stem cells and 100 billion exosomes, which proved to be safe with no side effects. The renal profile improved significantly between the first and fourth months after infusion, according to assessments comprising lab results and the KDQOL-36TM questionnaire. Human umbilical cord Wharton’s jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cell implantations proved safe and effective in treating CKD.