Sensor devices that act in the IoT architecture perception layer are characterized by low data processing and storage capacity. These reduced capabilities make the system ubiquitous and lightweight, but considerably reduce its security. The IoT-based Food Traceability Systems (FTS), aimed at ensuring food safety and quality, serve as a motivating scenario for BIoTS development and deployment; therefore, security challenges and gaps related with data integrity are analyzed from this perspective. This paper proposes the BIoTS hardware design that contains some modules built-in VHDL (SHA-256, PoW, and SD-Memory) and other peripheral electronic devices to provide capabilities to the perception layer by implementing the blockchain architecture’s security requirements in an IoT device. The proposed hardware is implemented on FPGA Altera DE0-Nano. BIoTS can participate as a miner in the blockchain network through Smart Contracts and solve security issues related to data integrity and data traceability in an Blockchain-IoT system. Blockchain algorithms implemented in IoT hardware opens a path to IoT devices’ security and ensures participation in data validation inside a food certification process.

Rational energy consumption in large buildings depends on both the users' consumption culture and the management systems implemented. In Colombia, few buildings have an energy management system characterized by its adaptability to the user and with a certain degree of intelligence. Thus, this document describes the summarized research process for the development of an Internet of Things (IoT) system, which has been designed to promote an intelligent lighting service in an academic environment. The IoT system orchestrates a series of sensors, monitoring systems and controlled actions, all based on the principle of making the system functions and consumption records available in real-time, via web services. The devices used are "Things" with improved functionality, becoming "Smart Things" within the IoT paradigm. Methodologically, an experimental process was followed, linking the development of electronic tools, the construction of services, and the development of interfaces for a pleasant user experience. Research contributes to two essential areas: intelligent buildings, through the intelligent adaptation of an environment; and sustainability and eco-innovation, since the system provides appropriate information for environmental education, in terms of real-time energy consumption, that impacts directly on the fair-use culture of a service expensive for the environment.

Este documento describe el proceso investigativo cumplido para el desarrollo de un sistema inteligente para el uso eficiente del agua en unidades sanitarias del entorno doméstico. Fundamentalmente la investigación se centró en dos procesos, en primer lugar, el desarrollo de un sistema de alta confiabilidad para monitorear los consumos reales de las unidades sanitarias y en segundo lugar el desarrollo de un sistema realzado para el control inteligente de los consumos de la misma unidad sanitaria. La investigación destaca la constitución de una solución tecnológica M2M, de alta precisión que impacta la sostenibilidad ambiental, por medio de la generación de conciencia respecto al uso racional del recurso hídrico en las acciones cotidianas de higiene personal.

A food traceability system (FTS) can record information about processes along a production chain to determine their safety and quality. Under the Internet of Things (IoT) concept, the communication technologies that support FTSs act as platforms for mass access to information with limited security. However, the integrity of the collected data is not immune to security attacks. This paper proposes a point-to-point information transmission path with no edges or access boundaries (no intermediaries) to transmit data with integrity. This route is possible thanks to the architectural articulation of a hardware device (sensor BIoTS) at the perception layer, with the Blockchain architecture at the application layer. This pairing makes an ecosystem with the ability to trace and certify in parallel the products, the supply chain processes, and the data recorded in it possible. The design of the security testing ecosystem is based on the theoretical and technical principles of cybersecurity. It is executed through mathematical models that define the probability of attacks’ success against the transmitted data’s integrity. The security tests performed allow for establishing that this BIoTS information transmission route is unlikely to suffer from transmission vulnerabilities and that it is not prone to security attacks against integrity. This work paves the way toward fully integrating Blockchain technology in dedicated IoT architectures.

La calidad del agua se determina evaluando un conjunto de características físicas, químicas y biológicasen las fuentes de agua superficiales o afluentes. El seguimiento de variables como el pH, la conductividadeléctrica y el oxígeno disuelto permite establecer la calidad del agua para el consumo humano. Sin embargo,actualmente solo es posible obtener esta información en puntos alejados de las fuentes de agua o afluentesmediante la toma de muestras sobre el terreno (in situ). Los costos de las pruebas sobre el terreno son elevadosy requieren una importante inversión en logística y tiempo. Por esta razón, hemos construido una plataformaIoT de bajo costo basada en microcontroladores para la monitorización de los parámetros de calidad del aguadenominada IoT-Monitor-to-Water-Quality (IoTMonitor-WQ). Esta plataforma está construida con sensoresde precisión, tecnología de comunicación LoRa, y un módulo de autonomía energética. Demostramos conIoTMonitor-WQ una solución tecnológica eficaz en el muestreo, el almacenamiento y la transmisión dedatos, y la posterior evaluación de la data relevante que influye en la evaluación de la calidad del agua enlugares remotos