In this paper, a new image encryption transmission algorithm based on the parallel mode is proposed. This algorithm aims to improve information transmission efficiency and security based on existing hardware conditions. To improve efficiency, this paper adopts the method of parallel compressed sensing to realize image transmission. Compressed sensing can perform data sampling and compression at a rate much lower than the Nyquist sampling rate. To enhance security, this algorithm combines a sequence signal generator with chaotic cryptography. The initial sensitivity of chaos, used in a measurement matrix, makes it possible to improve the security of an encryption algorithm. The cryptographic characteristics of chaotic signals can be fully utilized by the flexible digital logic circuit. Simulation experiments and analyses show that the algorithm achieves the goal of improving transmission efficiency and has the capacity to resist illegal attacks.