Facetectomy is an important intervention for spinal stenosis but may lead to spinal instability. Biomechanical knowledge for facetectomy can be beneficial when deciding whether fusion is necessary. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the biomechanical effect of different grades of facetectomy. A three-dimensional nonlinear finite element model of L3–L5 was constructed. The mobility of the model and the intradiscal pressure (IDP) of L4-L5 for standing were inside the data from the literature. The effect of graded facetectomy on intervertebral rotation, IDP, facet joint forces, and maximum von Mises equivalent stresses in the annuli was analyzed under flexion, extension, left/right lateral bending, and left/right axial rotation. Compared with the intact model, under extension, unilateral facetectomy increased the range of intervertebral rotation (IVR) by 11.7% and IDP by 10.7%, while the bilateral facetectomy increased IVR by 40.7% and IDP by 23.6%. Under axial rotation, the unilateral facetectomy and the bilateral facetectomy increased the IVR by 101.3% and 354.3%, respectively, when turned to the right and by 1.1% and 265.3%, respectively, when turned to the left. The results conclude that, after unilateral and bilateral facetectomy, care must be taken when placing the spine into extension and axial rotation posture from the biomechanical point of view.

Personalized precision therapy and rapid osseointegration are the main development directions of dental implants. Three-dimensional (3D) printing is the most promising method to fabricate personalized implants with complex design and structure. Rapid osseointegration guarantees the survival of implants especially at early implant time, and the surface modification via nano-technology is considered as the most effective method to promote osseointegration. Herein, the Ti6Al4V implants were fabricated by 3D-printing method then the nano-topographic surface was constructed on them to improve the biological responses. The results showed that the nano-topographic modification favored the adhesion and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs), accelerating the rapid osseointegration in vivo in rat condyle of femur model. It is reasonable to predict that 3D-printed implants with nano-topographic surface modification have a promising future in orthopedic applications.