Introduction: To compare radial artery (RA) diameters, intima-media thickness (IMT), and vascular functions before and after conventional and distal RA cannulation. It has been proposed that distal transradial (DTRA) cannulation can reduce RA complications. However, there has been no comparative study examining the effects of DTR and conventional transradial (CTRA) intervention on RA structure and function. Patients and Methods: Radial artery diameter, IMT, flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD) response were measured using conventional and Doppler RA ultrasonography before, and one day and one month after the procedure in patients who underwent CTRA or DTRA. Results: While baseline and first-day IMT values were similar between the groups, first-month IMT values in the CTRA group were found to be significantly increased compared to those in the DTRA group (CTRA= 0.39 ± 0.10 mm, DTRA= 0.32 ± 0.07 mm, p= 0.016). While proximal RA occlusion developed in three patients who underwent CTRA, it did not develop in any of the patients undergoing DTRA (p= 0.072). Conclusion: In patients who underwent CTRA, RA IMT increased significantly in the first month after the procedure, compared to patients who underwent DTRA. Proximal RAO was not observed in any of the patients who underwent DTRA.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the morphological measurements of bicipital groove and long head of biceps tendon and determine the effect of age and gender on these measurements. Methods: The study included 110 patients (60 females, 50 males) aged 18–50 years, who underwent magnetic resonance imaging of the left shoulder between January and December 2020. The patients had stable biceps tendons, and did not have a rotator cuff tear. The bicipital groove morphology was evaluated based on depth, opening angle, medial wall angle and the biceps tendon morphology was assessed based on thickness (anteroposterior length) and width (transverse length). Results: There was no difference between the females and males in terms of age, opening angle and medial wall angle (p>.05). The bicipital groove depth was lower in the females than in the males (p<.001), while the biceps tendon was thicker in the males compared to the females (p<.001). There was no correlation between age and the sizes of bicipital groove and the biceps tendon. A negative correlation was observed between the bicipital groove depth and opening angle (r=-0.55), and a positive correlation between medial wall angle (r=0.51), tendon thickness (r=0.50) and tendon width (r=0.34). Bicipital groove depth had a positive correlation with tendon thickness (r=0.54) in women and tendon width in men (r=0.28). Conclusion: The morphological measurements of bicipital groove and the biceps tendon showed correlations. There were also gender differences in these morphological measurements.

Background and Objectives: Sarcopenia is a major geriatric condition associated with functional decline and adverse outcomes. Cardiac fat depots exhibit metabolic activity and are linked to cardiometabolic risk; however, the extent to which epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) and pericoronary adipose tissue (PCAT) quantified on standard thoracic computed tomography (CT) scans are associated with sarcopenia in older inpatients remains inadequately explored. This study investigated the associations of EAT and PCAT thickness with sarcopenia. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective observational study using CT data obtained for clinical purposes and routine geriatric assessment data. In this single-center retrospective study, 101 inpatients aged ≥65 years who underwent unenhanced thoracic CT and bioelectrical impedance analysis within 3 months were included. EAT and PCAT thicknesses were measured using standardized methods. Sarcopenia status was based on a previously established clinical diagnosis according to EWGSOP2 criteria. Multivariable logistic regression, body mass index (BMI)-stratified analyses, and ROC curve evaluations were performed. Results: The participants had a mean age of 78.5 ± 7.6 years; 54.5% were female. Fifty-five patients (54.5%) met the diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia. PCAT was significantly thicker in sarcopenic participants relative to non-sarcopenic ones (12.25 ± 2.50 vs. 11.17 ± 2.32 mm, p = 0.028), while no corresponding difference was observed for EAT (p = 0.959). After controlling for age, sex, and BMI, each 1 mm increase in PCAT thickness was independently associated with an increased odds of sarcopenia (OR 1.399, 95% CI 1.133–1.727, p = 0.002). With the addition of the PCAT, the discriminatory power was modest (AUC 0.637 overall and 0.715 for BMI ≥25 kg/m²). In exploratory stratified analyses, the association was numerically larger in the BMI ≥25 kg/m² subgroup (OR 1.48, p = 0.008); however, the formal BMI-by-PCAT interaction was not statistically significant (p = 0.290), so this subgroup finding is considered hypothesis-generating. Conclusions: PCAT thickness measured on routine non-contrast thoracic CT was associated with prevalent sarcopenia, whereas EAT thickness was not. ROC analyses showed modest discrimination; therefore, any proposed cut-offs should be considered exploratory and require prospective validation and external confirmation before clinical use.

Bu kitap temel ve ileri nörovasküler radyoloji konularını içerecek şekilde hazırlandı. Nörovasküler radyoloji konusunda bilgi edinmek isteyen tüm öğrenci, asistan ve uzmanlara faydalı olacağını ümit etmekteyiz.

Coronary artery fistulas are rare cardiac anomalies, often asymptomatic and frequently discovered incidentally during routine cardiac imaging. Transcatheter closure with coil embolisation is increasingly recognised as a preferable alternative to surgical intervention due to its lower complication rates. In this report, we present three paediatric cases in which coronary artery fistulas were successfully embolised using the Azur® CX Peripheral Coil System. This system demonstrates low-profile suitability for occluding highly tortuous vessels in children, enabling controlled coil delivery via a microcatheter. Its hydrogel-coated coils allow for expansion between gaps, making it highly effective as a minimally invasive treatment.