The purpose of the article is to demonstrate a clinical case of Crohn’s disease in an 8-year-old child. Materials and methods: The given clinical example is a case of a non-classical variant of the course of Crohn’s disease in an 8-year-old child who debuted with an upper respiratory tract lesion in combination with abdominal pain against the background of long courses of antibacterial therapy. Conclusion: This clinical case demonstrates the complexity of the diagnostic search, the need for careful history collection and differential diagnosis.

Background: The differential diagnosis of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and congenital pneumonia (CP) in newborns remains a complex clinical challenge due to the similarity in their clinical manifestations and their potential to coexist. Objective: We aimed to determine differential diagnostic predictors of RDS and CP in newborns by using mathematical modeling and machine learning methods. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted; de-identified medical records of 244 newborns (97 with RDS and 143 with CP) were collected to assess clinical, anamnestic, laboratory, and instrumental data by applying multiple regression analysis, ROC analysis, logistic regression models, and Random Forest. Results: Patients with CP presented with a more severe condition at admission (57.1% vs. 23.3%; p = 0.023), required mechanical ventilation (MV) more frequently (22.4% vs. 8.2%; p = 0.004), and were more often transferred to the intensive care unit (ICU) (77.3% vs. 55.7%; p = 0.001). They further had lower hemoglobin levels (151 ± 28 g/L vs. 164 ± 31 g/L; p = 0.001) and red blood cell counts (p = 0.021). Regression analysis demonstrated that the severity of the condition and the presence of cerebral ischemia were dependent on hemoglobin levels in the case of CP, while gestational age played a determining role in RDS. The machine learning models achieved an accuracy of 0.69 and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.82 (Random Forest). The key predictors for differential diagnosis of RDS were low gestational age, hyperbilirubinemia, and congenital heart defects, while for CP, they were hemoglobin < 151 g/L, lymphocytes < 4.8 × 10³/μL, oxygen saturation < 90–91%, and cerebral ischemia. Conclusions: The use of mathematical modeling methods made it possible to identify prognostically significant predictors for the differential diagnosis of RDS and CP. The resulting models are best viewed as proof-of-concept tools for hypothesis generation and future research, as external validation is necessary before they can be considered for clinical use.

Introduction. Distance learning caused by the COVID-19 pandemic has stimulated the active introduction of digital technologies into higher education. In medical universities, where practical training is key, it is important to find the optimal balance of traditional and digital educational methods. The relevance and purpose of this study is to assess the impact of various technologies on the academic performance and quality of life of students, allows us to determine effective learning models in a dynamically developing higher education environment. Materials and methods. To achieve this goal, the performance of the 697 second year students of medical university was retrospectively assessed using the example of passing practical skills included in the objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) of the discipline “Nursing manipulations in pediatrics” at the stations of the Accreditation Simulation Center of the university. The SF-36 questionnaire (shortform-36) was assessed for quality of life. To process the data, the Mann-Whitney U test, Pearson's χ2-square, Spearman's correlation coefficient, and odds ratio were used. Results. All students assessed their physical and emotional state as good before the pandemic, regardless of academic performance. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the majority of respondents rated their health as excellent, very good and good, despite distance learning with forced limitation of social contacts and worsening emotional state. The dynamics of physical health correlated with the dynamics of academic performance during online learning. Distance learning compared to traditional learning demonstrated an increase in students' academic performance by 1.3-1.8 times (p<0.002). The leading components of quality of life during the COVID-19 pandemic that showed significant improvements in academic performance included physical, social, and emotional components. KEYWORDS Conclusion. The data obtained allow us to conclude that the availability of digital educational technologies, the development of new teaching methods in a remote format, and the introduction of OSCE as the main criterion for academic performance determined the advantages of distance learning over traditional learning when passing practical skills algorithms at the Simulation Center

Введение. Пищевая аллергия у детей является серьезной проблемой для здоровья. Достаточно часто родители недооценивают ее, что может приводить к исключению некоторых важных продуктов питания и, соответственно, снижению качества жизни. Пищевая аллергия приводит также к стрессовым ситуациям, беспокойству и депрессии у родителей, влияя на качество жизни всех членов семьи. Целью исследования стало изучение качества жизни у детей с пищевой аллергией и их родителей. Материалы и методы. Проведено проспективное когортное обсервационное исследование по комплексной оценке качества жизни пациентов с верифицированной пищевой аллергией. Была разработана электронная онлайн-анкета, содержащая вопросы из адаптированного и валидизированного опросника FAQLQ-PF. Анкетирование выполнено у родителей детей в возрасте от 6 месяцев до 5 лет (n=45) с подтвержденной пищевой аллергией. Результаты. Средний возраст детей составил 3,14 года, среди них 25 (44,4%) мальчиков и 20 (55,6%) девочек. Большинство родителей/законных представителей (67%) оценивали свое собственное общее состояние здоровья и здоровье детей как хорошее или удовлетворительное. Несмотря на это, у родителей наблюдалась значительная степень обеспокоенности из-за наличия пищевой аллергии у их детей, а также наблюдались стрессовые ситуации (69%). Родители были недовольны диетическими ограничениями у детей в 9,6% случаев. При этом дети боялись пробовать незнакомую им пищу и испытывали по данному поводу стресс (16,7%). При пищевой аллергии наблюдались социальные ограничения (19,5%), такие как участие в совместных посещениях семейных мест отдыха, включая вечеринки и фуд-корты торговых центров, дошкольных мероприятиях, включающих совместный прием пищи (36,6%). По сравнению со своими сверстниками пациенты были достоверно беспокойными (13,4%), осторожными (25%) и менее общительными (6,6%). Заключение. Качество жизни детей с пищевой аллергией низкое не только из-за клинических проявлений заболевания, но и ввиду ограничительных мероприятий, связанных с исключением продуктов питания в рационе и снижения социальной активности. Introduction. Food allergy is a serious health problem in children. Quite often, parents underestimate it. Sometimes it leads to the exclusion of some important foods. Food allergy also causes stress, anxiety and even depression in parents and reduces the family’s quality of life. The adapted and validated FAQLQ-PF questionnaire has been used in our comprehensive study of the quality of life in young children with food allergy. Aims the purpose of our study is to rate the quality of life of children with food allergy. Materials and methods. A prospective cohort observational study was conducted. An online electronic questionnaire was developed containing questions from the FAQLQ-PF questionnaire for parents of children aged 0–5 years with confirmed food allergy. Results. We obtained 45 questionnaires. The average age of the children was 3.14 years, among them 25 (44.4%) boys and 20 (55.6%) girls. Most parents/legal guardians rated their own general health, their children’s health, as good or fair. 67% of respondents had a signifi cant degree of concern and 69% stress due to the presence of food allergy in their children. 69% of parents were dissatisfi ed with dietary restrictions for children, and this factor was signifi cant for 9.6% of respondents. 16.7% of children were afraid to try new food unfamiliar to them and experienced stress about this. Children with food allergy were signifi cantly dissatisfied with their social restrictions in 19.5%, compared with their peers, they were more restless (13.4%), cautious (25%) and even less sociable (6.6%). Conclusions. The quality of life of children with food allergy is low not only due to the clinical manifestations of the disease, but also due to restrictive measures associated with the exclusion of food from the diet and reduced social activity.

Introduction . The absence of unified pathogenetically substantiated protocols for therapy and rehabilitation of children with post-covid syndrome (PCS) urges healthcare professionals to seek new methods, specifically nutritional support. Aim . To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the deer antler powder vitamin-mineral supplement in children who have had COVID-19 infection. Materials and methods . A total of 60 children aged 3 to 17 years old who had SARS-CoV-2 at least 3 months earlier were enrolled in the prospective open-label comparative study. The patients were divided into two groups: the treatment group (n = 30) included children with PCS and the comparator group (n = 30) included convalescents without PCS symptoms. All of them were prescribed a deer antler powder vitamin-mineral supplement (Russia) to be taken for 60 days. To assess changes in PCS, international paediatric QoL questionnaires; common blood count, biochemical tests, and nonparametric statistical methods were used. Results . In the treatment group, a significant improvement in all PCS symptoms was reported after completing the vitamin-mineral supplement course. The total frequency of outpatient visits decreased from 90.0 to 40.0% with a reduction in episodes of respiratory diseases. The sleep disorders decreased from 60.0 to 3.3%. Chronic fatigue and low tolerance to physical and cognitive loads reduced from 66.6 to 10.0%; emotional status and academic performance improved. The KIDSCREEN-27 questionnaire results demonstrated an improvement in quality of life. There was a significant decrease in ESR inflammatory marker. No children showed significant changes in liver function tests, which may suggest the absence of liver dysfunction. No adverse events or allergic reactions were reported throughout the entire period of observation. Conclusions . The two-month vitamin-mineral supplementation course demonstrated high clinical efficacy, excellent tolerability, and a favourable safety profile in the comprehensive treatment of PCS in children.