People with lower limb amputations struggle through difficulties during locomotion in their daily activities. People with transtibial amputations take support from prosthetic legs for systematic movement. During motion, they experience some mobility issues while using general prosthetic limbs regarding gait pattern. The design of a prosthetic-controlled lower limb with gait synchronization for physically disabled persons is the main goal of the present research work, which can provide an improved walking experience. The design and performance analysis of prosthetic lower limbs for people with transtibial amputations is performed in the present paper. The designed rehabilitation system shows synchronization between the normal and the prosthetic limbs achieved with gait coordination. The dynamics of the lower extremities in different postural activities are used for design purpose utilizing Euler–Lagrange motion theory. The artificial motion of the knee and the ankle joints function through the angular movement of the servo motors according to the movements of the rotary encoders placed on the sound limb joints. The range of motion of both the sound and prosthetic limbs are compared for different steps during a gait cycle. The prosthetic electronic system design of the artificial lower limb is able to show the gait style of human being with body kinesics. The nonlinear domain stability analysis of the designed prosthetic limb is presented through the Lyapunov method. A PIDF2 controller tuning process is implemented for the designed limb’s performance improvement. The designed prosthetic system is beneficial for people with unilateral transtibial amputations with a great societal impact.

System performance and efficiency depends on the stability criteria. The lower limb prosthetic model design requires some prerequisites such as hardware design functionality and compatibility of the building block materials. Effective implementation of mathematical model simulation symmetry towards the achievement of hardware design is the focus of the present work. Different postures of lower limb have been considered in this paper to be analyzed for artificial system design of lower limb movement. The generated polynomial equations of the sitting and standing positions of the normal limb are represented with overall system transfer function. The behavioral analysis of the lower limb model shows the nonlinear nature. The Euler-Lagrange method is utilized to describe the nonlinearity in the field of forward dynamics of the artificial system. The stability factor through phase portrait analysis is checked with respect to nonlinear system characteristics of the lower limb. The asymptotic stability has been achieved utilizing the most applicable Lyapunov method for nonlinear systems. The stability checking of the proposed artificial lower extremity is the newer approach needed to take decisions on output implementation in the system design.

This work presents performance comparison of different Tuning schemes applying the optimization technique named as Fitness Based Adaptive Differential Evolution (FBADE) for a prosthetic arm. From the dexterous point of view, the mathematical modellin

Background & Objective: The presented design attempt of building an advanced prosthetic lower limb has a vast requirement in these days to connect paralytic patients and elderly people with the external environment for a better lifestyle. The Recordings of Electromyography (EMG) patterns and other data analysis of the muscle signals has lightened the path of technology to a wide range of studies and experiments in the field of prosthesis of certain moveable body parts using the acquired EMG signal of muscles of lower limb. An effort has been made to acquire the EMG signal and study the signals with the incorporation of sufficient technology to build an artificial lower limb with the help of Flex-sensor and ‘Arduino Uno’ programming. The main aspect about the hardware circuitry of this practical work is its ease of use and applicability. The Bio-electrodes are attached on the specified location to acquire the muscle signals and also Laboratory Virtual Instrument Engineering Workbench (LabVIEW) to acquire the signals. In addition, the movements of certain joints of the lower limb can be replicated controlling the movement of a servo-motor for the implementation of the design of the artificial lower limb. Conclusion: The different output parameter changes can be measured according to the relaxation and the contraction of the Flex-sensor attached to the knee, and the ankle joints. The Servo-motors can further be utilized in the construction of the artificial lower leg to be moved externally without any voluntary motion of the subject. The measurement of dispersion has been introduced in the mathematical analysis.