The COVID-19 pandemic intensified the complexity of work in the health sector, leading to an increase in the intention to leave work (ITL) in Indonesia. Previous research has revealed a theoretical gap in investigating the roles of burnout syndrome (BS) and job satisfaction (JS) as mediators of the effect of psychosocial risk (PR) on ITL. This research study aimed to fill this gap by examining the effect of PR on ITL during the COVID-19 pandemic, with BS and JS as mediators. Data was collected from 306 health workers in public and private hospitals of Central Jakarta, Indonesia. This data was analyzed as part of a cross-sectional research study involving the partial least square-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) method and using SmartPLS software. The questionnaire was based on the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ) III short version, the Burnout Assessment Tools (BAT), and a modified Turnover Intention. The findings revealed that, within the direct effect pathways, JS was the highest predictor of health workers' ITL, and workplace PR significantly impacted employees' JS and BS. Another notable finding was related to the research gap vis-a-vis the indirect effect pathways: it showed that JS and BS had partial mediatory power over the relationship between PR and ITL. BS and JS were found to have a high and significant impact on employees' ITL. Therefore, this research study has contributed to the model's novelty in measuring ITL mediated by JS and BS.

Climate and culture within health institutions are strongly determined by healthcare leadership. Studies have shown how workers’ motivations and satisfactions not only improve their performances but also impact quality of care. Every healthcare leader should make reasonable policies that meet population needs and ensure safe, effective and good quality services. Effective leadership is very crucial to create and maintain a supportive work environment in maximising the potentials of health services. This article aimed to reflect about the importance of healthcare leadership and encourage us to start asking ourselves about our work motivation, strengths and weaknesses, and aspects we aimed to develop, which will help to create a good and healthy workplace environment.

Background: Streptococcus pneumoniae may asymptomatically colonize the human nasopharynx and remains a leading cause of invasive and noninvasive disease in children, accounting for an estimated 294,000 global deaths in those aged under five years. Nationally representative serotype data from Indonesia remain limited despite national PCV13 rollout in 2022. This study aims to evaluate the distribution of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes and estimate the coverage of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) among children aged 0–18 years in Indonesia. Methods: Systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and Paediatrica Indonesiana (to December 2025) for observational studies (PROSPERO CRD420251239935). The extracted data included the study period, setting, population, specimen type, serotypes, sample size, and nasopharyngeal carriage. Pooled serotype prevalence is calculated; vaccine coverage estimated for pneumococcal conjugate vaccines containing 10 (PCV10), 13 (PCV13), 15 (PCV15), and 20 (PCV20) serotypes assuming vaccine-type priority in multicolonization. Risk of bias assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute’s checklist for prevalence studies. Results: Nineteen studies across 13 regions of Indonesia involving children aged 0–18 years included. Nasopharyngeal carriage ranged from 21.0% to 87.6% in healthy children and 9.2% to 73% in children with illnesses. The most common serotypes were 19F, 23F, 6B, 14, 19A, and 34. Non-typeable isolates accounted for more than 20% of all isolates in several studies. The pooled coverage for PCV10, PCV13, PCV15, and PCV20 was 40.3%, 50.2%, 50.8%, and 57.0% respectively. Low-moderate RoB (63% low). Conclusions: The dominant serotypes largely included in PCV13. Active surveillance is required to monitor serotype shifts and ensure the long-term effectiveness of the national vaccination program.