Human pregnancy-specific glycoproteins (PSGs) serve immunomodulatory and pro-angiogenic functions during pregnancy and are mainly expressed by syncytiotrophoblast cells. While PSG mRNA expression in extravillous trophoblasts (EVTs) was reported, the proteins were not previously detected. By immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting, we show that PSGs are expressed by invasive EVTs and co-localize with integrin α5. In addition, we determined that native and recombinant PSG1, the most highly expressed member of the family, binds to α5β1 and induces the formation of focal adhesion structures resulting in adhesion of primary EVTs and EVT-like cell lines under 21% oxygen and 1% oxygen conditions. Furthermore, we found that PSG1 can simultaneously bind to heparan sulfate in the extracellular matrix and to α5β1 on the cell membrane. Wound healing assays and single-cell movement tracking showed that immobilized PSG1 enhances EVT migration. Although PSG1 did not affect EVT invasion in the in vitro assays employed, we found that the serum PSG1 concentration is lower in African-American women diagnosed with early-onset and late-onset preeclampsia, a pregnancy pathology characterized by shallow trophoblast invasion, than in their respective healthy controls only when the fetus was a male; therefore, the reduced expression of this molecule should be considered in the context of preeclampsia as a potential therapy.

Online patient registries are used to collect data on clinical conditions with rare occurrence or unclear diagnostic and management practices. The success of these registries depends on clear definition of goals, correct identification of patient population/inclusion criteria, availability of appropriate setup and maintenance tools, and the quality of dissemination. The Scientific and Standardization Committee (SSC) for Women's Health Issues in Thrombosis and Hemostasis, one of 20 committees of the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis (ISTH) has developed 6 registries for women's bleeding and thrombotic conditions over the past 2 years and are currently in various stages of progress. Here, we provide information about these registries, including rationale, objectives, and methods for data collection. The aim is to enhance worldwide participation and thus promote the success of these registries. We used ISTH REDCap, a mature and secure Web application for building and managing online surveys and databases, and the ISTH advertising platform to maximize participation. Registries (links and project details available on ISTH and Women's SSC Web sites) include: (1) WiTEAM, project on thrombophilia and placenta-mediated obstetric complications; (2) a registry for disseminated intravascular coagulation in pregnancy; (3) severe congenital protein C deficiency—an obstetric study; (4) obstetric and gynecologic outcomes of women with platelet function disorders; (5) thrombolysis and invasive treatments for massive pregnancy-related pulmonary embolism; (6) pregnancy and exposure to direct oral anticoagulants. The ISTH promotes online registries on women's issues to enhance understanding of current practices, identify knowledge gaps, promote research, and ultimately improve patient safety and quality of life.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between oligohydramnios and adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes in a unique cohort of preterm pre-eclamptic patients. Materials and methods: A retrospective matched case–control study comparing 81 preterm parturients (28 0/7 and 36 6/7 weeks) with pre-eclampsia and oligohydramnios to 81 preterm pre-eclamptic patients with a normal amniotic fluid index (AFI). Results: About 4.8 percent of all our preterm pre-eclamptic patients had oligohydramnios. Patients in the study group showed a trend toward being older than 35 years (18.5%% versus 27.2%) and were more likely more likely to be primi-parous, and have previously delivered a small for gestational age (SGA) or a dead fetus (p = .012, .039, and .032). Severity of pre-eclampsia, including HELLP and eclampsia as well as gestational age at delivery did not differ statistically between the study groups (p = .47, .516). Growth restricted fetuses were more common in the study group (p < .001) but oliguria was more prevalent in patients without oligohydramnios (p = .046). Post-partum complications, pre-eclampsia during the puerperium, admission to intensive care units, and MgSO₄ treatment were more common in the control group (p = .028, .012, .008). But study group patients had more cesarean sections (p = .011). Neonates of study group parturients had lower fetal weight, were more likely to be SGA, and experience fetal distress during labor (p = .001, .001, and .03). Following delivery, they were more likely to have anemia and stay longer in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) (p = .017, .017). A multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that oligohydramnios, but not the severity of pre-eclampsia, significantly affected Composite Neonatal Outcome {Apgar scores at 1 & 5 min (<5 and <7, respectively), neonatal death, umbilical cord pH <7.1, fetal distress (category III fetal heart rate tracing), fetal anemia, fetal hypoglycemia}. Conclusions: Oligohydramnios is an independent risk factor for early neonatal morbidity in preterm pre-eclamptic patients. AFI <5 cm can be used as one component in the educated decision for delivery of these patients. Brief rationale The significance of oligohydramnios in pregnancies complicated by preterm delivery, preeclampsia or both is controversial. By comparing two relatively large, almost similar, cohorts of preterm preeclamptic parturient with and without oligohydramnios we demonstrated that Amniotic Fluid Index <5 cm is associated with a significant neonatal morbidity. This question was not previously addressed in proper manner aside one, much smaller, study that was under powered to address this topic. We innovate by illustrating the significance of oligohydramnios and its association with subsequent neonatal morbidity. Thus, we conclude that the presence of oligohydramnios in women with preterm preeclampsia can be a factor in the decision for or against conservative management of these patients.

Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) remains a major cause of maternal mortality. Tranexamic acid (TxA) has shown effectiveness in reducing PPH-related maternal bleeding events and deaths. We conducted a cohort study including parturient women at high risk of bleeding after undergoing a cesarean section (CS). Participants were divided into two groups: the treatment group received prophylactic 1-g TxA before surgery (n = 500), while the comparison group underwent CS without TxA treatment (n = 500). The primary outcome measured increased maternal blood loss following CS, defined as more than a 10% drop in hemoglobin concentration within 24 h post-CS and/or a drop of ≥2 g/dL in maternal hemoglobin concentration. Secondary outcomes included PPH indicators, ICU admission, hospital stay, TxA complications, and neonatal data. TxA administration significantly reduced hemoglobin decrease by more than 10%: there was a 35.4% decrease in the TxA group vs. a 59.4% decrease in the non-TxA group, p < 0.0001 and hemoglobin decreased by ≥2 g/dL (11.4% in the TxA group vs. 25.2% in non-TxA group, p < 0.0001), reduced packed red blood cell transfusion (p = 0.0174), and resulted in lower ICU admission rates (p = 0.034) and shorter hospitalization (p < 0.0001). Complication rates and neonatal outcomes did not differ significantly. In conclusion, prophylactic TxA administration during high-risk CS may effectively reduce blood loss, providing a potential intervention to improve maternal outcomes.