Transformable devices, objects and architecture have been used by human beings for a variety of purposes since ancient times. A review of the development of transformable systems reveals that the desperate need to respond to the challenges which could not be fulfilled by using conventional static structures was the decisive motivation for the creation of changeable structures.One of the crucial needs for architecture in the changing world is to respond to the changing requirements of its us ers and to allow them to experience their architectural ambition in reality through involvement in the architectural design process. Transformabili ty can be considered as an important way to respond to the building user's ambitions. This paper by evaluating the major transformable architectural objects and systems will explore how the interconnection between art, engineering and technology in architectur e can respond to ever-changing functional requirements and at the same time represent social, historical backgrounds. Moreover, in this paper the main characteristics of transformable architecture are considered in two main categories of human perception a nd experiences and the creation of intelligent spaces

The sustainable development of educational buildings has become an increasingly important goal for university campuses. This research develops a proposal for a kinetic façade employing mechanical moveable components for an educational building. Due to the pedagogically different needs of courses taught in educational spaces, it is desirable to design spaces that are able to meet changing functional and aesthetic requirements. The transformation of an exterior curtain wall is performed by means of movement and twisting of its components in order to regulate the temperature and sun penetration for each class during the course of a day. This paper proposes a curtain wall system for educational buildings. The transformation mechanism and the details of the wall's components, along with the construction plans and material used are presented. It is argued that the proposed design can respond properly to the architectural principles of educational buildings in terms of form and function, while also respecting the varying needs of users and environmental sustainability.

Improving creative and critical thinking is one of the most important objectives in architectural education. The present research has been performed to investigate the effects of active strategic teaching model (ASTM), on creative and critical thinking skills of architecture students. This quasi-experimental study is of a causal-comparative type and was done as two-group experimental research (control and intervention) using pre-test, post-test method during 2014-2016. The statistical society of the research consists of students of Architecture Design Studio 4 at Tabriz Islamic Art University. The students of control group were carried out with conventional method while the intervention group received active strategic model. The creative and critical thinking skills were compared in both groups in specific dimensions based on reviewing the design process. The statistical analysis was conducted by SPSS software and descriptive statistics, independent t-test, chi-square and ANOVA were used. However, interpretation of the results weren’t causal. In this review, the majority of students could obtain proper results dependent on the amount of their efforts which indicate the relative success of both methods. But, comparing the mean differences of the results in two groups shows a significant difference in enrichment of critical and creative thinking skills of the intervention group in comparison with the control group. In fact, using ASTM led to develop the critical and creative thinking skills as one of the main missions of architectural education and finally led to more and also sustainable achievements in creative procedure of architectural design.

Efficient interaction between art and technology enabled Islamic architecture to actively experience early globalization, but today׳s separation between these domains and technological hegemony have presented challenges to Islamic architecture. Accordingly, this research was aimed at illuminating art and technology interactions in Islamic architecture during early globalization when it flourished along with Christian architecture. To this end, logical reasoning and qualitative data analysis were performed in parallel on 12 chains of mostly worship-oriented artworks, such as mosques and churches. The results indicated that art and technology interactions in Islamic and Christian architecture were underlain by the same nature and sequential pattern of beginning from primitive technology and ending with innovative technology (art). The cultural and technological value of these architectural styles eventually crossed geographical boundaries. Therefore, the beneficial interactions between art and technology enabled Islamic and Christian architecture to participate in globalization through the conveyance of their value to other regions even as differences existed in the measures implemented for such transmission.

This study investigated the categories of generative and conservative offices by using syntactic theories and conducting a comparative analysis of two different layout configurations. Generativity depends on several features that include but are not limited to spatial criteria. Generativity is also affected by aspects that extend beyond the physical, such as the symbolic relationship between the social organism of an organization and the internal structure of a workplace. Results show that no consistent relationship exists between spatial variables and behaviors even though the examined layouts satisfy an organization׳s basic cultural requirements, including privacy, territoriality, and hierarchy. Spatial parameters increase the potential for generativity, but such increase is not guaranteed without necessary changes in the attitudes, programs, and policies of organizations. Recognizing the limits of spatial variables requires evidence-based field research on office settings to determine operational and tailor-made solutions.