Nd(OH)₃ nanorods were synthesized by chemical deposition. Thermal annealing of Nd(OH)₃ yielded Nd₂O₃. Thermal effects that accompanied phase transitions have been determined by thermal analysis and X-ray powder diffraction. Samples have been annealed at temperatures of 330, 635, and 794°C of the observed thermal events. The sizes of the obtained nanorods of neodymium compounds have been determined using scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The process of dehydration of OH groups during thermal annealing has been studied by infrared spectroscopy. Annealing of an amorphous powder at 330°C gave Nd(OH)₃ nanorods with an average length of 29 nm and a diameter of 4 nm. Annealing at 794°C led to Nd₂O₃ nanorods with a hexagonal crystal structure. The average size of nanorods increased in length to 118 nm and in diameter to 28 nm.

Nanoparticles of FeOOH are obtained by chemical precipitation with the use of FeCl₃ and NH₄OH precipitant as precursors. The heat treatment of FeОOH yields α‑Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles. Thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and X-ray phase analysis are performed to determine the thermal effects and phase transitions. The dehydration of FeOOH occurring during heat treatment is studied using infrared (IR) spectroscopy. The morphology of the obtained nanoparticles is studied using scanning and transmission electron microscopy. It is found that at a temperature of 540°С the complete formation of α‑Fe₂O₃ from FeOOH occurs. The shape of the obtained α‑Fe₂O₃ particles is close to ellipsoidal and the average nanoparticle diameter is 55 ± 11 nm.

Hard magnetic nanopowders of the Nd₁₅Fe₇₈B₇ alloy were synthesized by the reduction-diffusion reaction of a stoichiometric mixture of Nd, Fe, and Fe-B oxides with CaH₂ in a hydrogen atmosphere at 800 ° C. Nd, Fe, Fe-B oxides were obtained by precipitation and had the form of granules with an average particle size of neodymium oxide - 50 nm, iron oxide - 95 nm, iron borate - 57 nm. The particle size of the Nd₁₅Fe₇₈B₇ alloy was 45-140 nm. It is shown that the proposed method is suitable for obtaining nanopowders of hard magnetic alloys of the Nd-Fe-B system.