Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) remains a major cause of serious infection and is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Clinical presentations range from localized disease to severe, life-threatening infections, including bacteremia and sepsis with metastatic complications such as infective endocarditis and osteoarticular involvement. MRSA bacteremia carries a high risk of dissemination and death, underscoring the importance of early recognition and effective management. Optimal treatment requires timely initiation of appropriate antimicrobial therapy in conjunction with source control when indicated. Despite advancements in treatment, persistent MRSA bacteremia continues to pose significant clinical challenges. Given the complexity of these infections, a clear understanding of current treatment strategies is essential for clinicians. In this narrative review, we summarize contemporary guideline-based approaches to the management of MRSA bacteremia, highlight key pharmacologic considerations of available antimicrobial agents, and discuss knowledge gaps and recent developments in both established and emerging therapies aimed at improving outcomes in these challenging infections.