Objective: Augmented reality (AR) is a technology that incorporates digital information into user's physical surroundings. It represents a paradigm shift in medical treatment and education. AR aides in surgical planning and patient therapy, as well as assisting patients in comprehending difficult medical problems. AR is evident in several facets of medicine, and there is a significant need for helping systems as a result of the increasing stress placed on public health systems during pandemics. The use of virtual reality (VR) and AR in surgery, dentistry, telemedicine, self-care, and wellness treatments has already improved many areas of healthcare. Method: This systematic review adheres to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis checklist and was conducted using PubMed and Scopus databases with keywords such as “Augmented Reality (AR),” “Virtual Reality (VR),” “Extended Reality (XR),” “Medical Education,” “Surgical Planning,” “Clinical Training,” and “Patient Therapy.” Boolean operators (AND, OR) were applied, and through a systematic review process, 21 peer-reviewed studies published between 2010 and 2024 were analyzed. Results: The usage of ARs and VRs in medical education is of great interest since they blend physical and digital learning features. Of the 21 studies (2021-2024), 8 systematic reviews and 3 randomized controlled trials showed that XR was effective in medical education (5 studies) and surgical planning (4 studies). Six studies identified low- and middle-income countries’ limitations (eg, costs, infrastructure), but one research found that non-XR approaches were successful in resource-limited locations. Common drawbacks were limited sample sizes (3 studies) and database biases (2 studies). XR showed transformational potential but needed equitable scalability techniques. Conclusion: The primary goal of this systematic review is to provide insight into AR research, identify potential future trends, and serve as inspiration for healthcare professionals, medical college professors, researchers, and scientists working in the fields of AR, VR, and XR in the healthcare industry.

The recurrent and recent global outbreak of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has turned into a global concern which has infected more than 42 million people all over the globe, and this number is increasing in hours. Unfortunately, no vaccine or specific treatment is available, which makes it more deadly. A vaccine-informatics approach has shown significant breakthrough in peptide-based epitope mapping and opens the new horizon in vaccine development. In this study, we have identified a total of 15 antigenic peptides [including thymus cells (T-cells) and bone marrow or bursa-derived cells] in the surface glycoprotein (SG) of SARS-CoV-2 which is nontoxic and nonallergenic in nature, nonallergenic, highly antigenic and non-mutated in other SARS-CoV-2 virus strains. The population coverage analysis has found that cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4⁺) T-cell peptides showed higher cumulative population coverage over cluster of differentiation 8 (CD8⁺) peptides in the 16 different geographical regions of the world. We identified 12 peptides ((LTDEMIAQY, WTAGAAAYY, WMESEFRVY, IRASANLAA, FGAISSVLN, VKQLSSNFG, FAMQMAYRF, FGAGAALQI, YGFQPTNGVGYQ, LPDPSKPSKR, QTQTNSPRRARS and VITPGTNTSN) that are |$80\hbox{--} 90\%$| identical with experimentally determined epitopes of SARS-CoV, and this will likely be beneficial for a quick progression of the vaccine design. Moreover, docking analysis suggested that the identified peptides are tightly bound in the groove of human leukocyte antigen molecules which can induce the T-cell response. Overall, this study allows us to determine potent peptide antigen targets in the SG on intuitive grounds, which opens up a new horizon in the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) research. However, this study needs experimental validation by in vitro and in vivo.

Pediatric oncology, which includes cancer screening and therapy in children, poses significant challenges in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Palliative care improves children’s and their families’ quality of life. In LMICs, palliative care resources are scarce, resulting in poor symptom management, psychological support, and spiritual care. All relevant English-language articles on pediatric palliative oncology were searched in PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Medline databases using the following keywords: “Pediatric Oncology,” “Pediatric Palliative Oncology,” “Pediatric Palliative Care,” “Palliative Care,” “Child Cancer,” and “Lower- and Middle-Income Countries.” This study highlights the significance of incorporating palliative care early in therapy and the recommendations may improve the competence of information provided by medical professionals to patients and families. LMICs have the potential to improve overall treatment and outcomes for child cancer patients and their families by prioritizing the integration of palliative care, guaranteeing a compassionate and dignified attitude toward the disease.

Multiple humanitarian and economic crises in Sudan, including a 22-year civil war and the Darfur genocide in 2003, have resulted in over two million fatalities, food shortages, famine and widespread internal displacement. and the COVID-19 pandemic have culminated in the compromise of mental health services. The Sudanese government had declared a state of emergency on October 25th, 2021 which augmented the current humanitarian crises through further restriction of access to essential services. In an effort to curb the mental health crisis, new service delivery models led by educational institutions in collaboration with non-governmental, regional and international organisations.