The World Health Organization (WHO) reported that nearly 25% of people will suffer from physical disability owing to the bone and joint problems until 2050. The condition of patients with this type of difficulty could be improved by increasing positive self-efficacy and instigating suitable medical treatment to implement self-efficacy for functional ability (SEFA) and physical functional ability self-care. In this study, we aim to evaluate the influence of social support on SEFA in patients after total hip arthroplasty. This cross-sectional study used structural questionnaires, telephone appointments, and data collection to obtain patient characteristics, such as gender, age, educational level, and marital status. Questionnaires about social support and self-efficacy for functional ability (SEFA) were sent to 200 patients at 3 months following a primary total hip replacement from September 2011 to December 2014. Factor analysis was used to categorize the dimensions of social support; the t test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and correlation analysis were applied to screen factors influencing SEFA. Multiple regression analysis was employed to ascertain the relationships between patient characteristics, social support, and SEFA. In total, 134 patients responded to the questionnaires. Lower SEFA scores were observed in patients of an older age, unmarried patients, and those with a low level of education. Correlation analysis showed that emotional information and appraisal support, instrumental support, and SEFA were positively correlated. Multiple regression analysis was applied to ascertain the relationships between patient characteristics, social support, and SEFA. We identified significant coefficient values of − 0.187 for age, 5.344 for emotional information and appraisal support, and 1.653 for instrumental support. The results of this study demonstrated that in patients undergoing primary hip replacement, positive impacts on SEFA were observed in relation to emotional information, appraisal support and instrumental support. The results indicated that enhancing emotional information and appraisal support could improve a patient’s self-efficacy for functional ability.

Background: Operating room (OR) nurses are at high risk for work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) due to physically demanding tasks and the use of heavy lead aprons. Objectives: This study evaluated the impact of a multidimensional ergonomic intervention on injury prevention awareness, compliance, and health outcomes among OR staff. Methods: A prospective quality improvement pilot study was conducted with 33 OR nurses. The intervention, based on the Health Belief Model and Human Factors Engineering, integrated ergonomic education with environmental modifications. Outcomes were assessed via questionnaires, field audits, and sick leave records at baseline, post-intervention, and 6-month follow-up. Results: Awareness scores improved from 68.7% to 98.8% (p < 0.001). Observational audits demonstrated a reduction in non-ergonomic actions from 2227 to 440 (mean deviations per nurse: 111.4 to 22.0, p < 0.001), with improvements sustained at 6 months. Annual sick leave cases decreased from three to one. Conclusions: A multifaceted real-world pilot intervention combining education with system-level engineering was associated with enhancing ergonomic compliance and reducing unsafe behaviors. This approach fosters the self-efficacy necessary for sustainable WMSD risk mitigation in high-intensity clinical settings.