Using the model of the additive tectonic stress from celestial tide-generating force, we studied the relationship between the seismogenic structure and celestial tide-generating stress in the M7.8 Turkey earthquake on 6 February 2023. We analyzed the daily continuous variation characteristics of OLR before and after the Turkey earthquake and discussed the correlation characteristics of tidal stress, OLR, and the earthquake. The results showed that the observed OLR anomaly according to the tidal stress variation cycle “C” (1–15 February) presented a phase change in time, which was synchronized with a continuous trough-to-peak change in the additional tectonic main pressure stress. The spatial distribution of OLR anomalies was mainly concentrated in the southwest section of the East Anatolian Fault Zone, which indicates that seismic tectonic movements were the main causes of OLR anomaly variation during this earthquake. An OLR anomaly change was related to this M7.8 “Swarm Type” of earthquake in Turkey. Impending earthquake OLR anomalies represent that the stress of the seismogenic structure in the seismogenic region has entered a critical state, which can provide stress monitoring and a seismogenic region indication for earthquakes induced by tidal force. The change cycle of the celestial tide-generating force provides a time indication for the identification of seismic thermal anomalies, and it indicates that the combination of the additional tectonic stress of the tidal force and the change of OLR anomaly has value for the research on the short-impending earthquake precursor.

The Kamchatka Peninsula is one of the most seismically active regions in the world and experienced the Mw 8.8 earthquake in 2025. To examine whether tectonic processes were associated with enhanced atmospheric warming while minimizing external interference, this study analyzed multi-level air temperature fields from the NCEP (National Centers for Environmental Prediction) reanalysis data. A tidal-force-based background framework was used to characterize the vertical evolution of air temperature excesses before and after the mainshock. Results showed that a pronounced warming excess emerged near the epicentral area prior to the earthquake. The warming excess exhibited the strongest intensity and amplitude in the near-surface layer and decayed progressively with altitude, a pattern that may be consistent with the vertical attenuation expected for tectonically related thermal excesses. Sentinel-5P SO₂ observations showed enhanced volcanic SO₂ concentrations from mid-July 2025, before the Mw 8.8 mainshock. The SO₂ enhancement was observed in the volcanic regions of the study area, suggesting that the SO₂ signal may reflect enhanced regional degassing activity while also being influenced by volcanic emissions, plume dispersion, and atmospheric transport. Sentinel-1A InSAR observations derived from SAR images acquired on 23 July and 4 August 2025 represent cumulative coseismic line-of-sight (LOS) deformation associated with the Mw 8.8 mainshock, rather than preseismic subsidence. Overall, the air temperature excesses and SO₂ enhancement may provide auxiliary evidence for possible changes in the regional volcanic-tectonic system before the earthquake, whereas the InSAR result provides coseismic deformation context. These findings highlight the potential value of vertical air temperature structure for investigating possible earthquake-related thermal signals, but further studies based on multi-year statistical analyses of various observational datasets and additional earthquake cases are still required.

On 23 January 2024, the Mw 7.0 Wushi earthquake occurred along the Maidan Fault at the boundary between the southwestern Tianshan Mountains and the Tarim Basin. This event, together with its subsequent aftershocks, provides a valuable opportunity to investigate fault rupture, stress perturbation, and aftershock triggering within a continental fold-and-thrust belt. In this study, we inverted the coseismic slip distribution by jointly integrating Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar and Pixel Offset Tracking observations. The preferred fault geometry indicates a northwest-dipping fault with a dip of approximately 60°. The mean rake angle is about 46°, suggesting an oblique slip with both thrust and left-lateral components. The 2024 Wushi event, together with the 1902 Atushi M 8.2 earthquake, produced pronounced Coulomb stress changes on the surrounding faults, with positive stress increases exceeding 10 kPa. Combined with the GNSS-derived regional strain-rate field and the interseismic fault-locking model, these results indicate elevated seismic potential on several surrounding fault segments, including portions of the Maidan Fault, Nalati Fault, North Wensu Fault, and Kalpintag Fault. We further examine the 2024 shallow Mw 5.7 aftershock, whose southeast-dipping surface rupture, together with the northwest-dipping mainshock fault, defines a typical pop-up structure. We also discuss the possible triggering of the 2025 Mw 5.8 Aheqi event by the stress perturbation associated with the Wushi mainshock. Our results highlight that the 2024 Wushi event substantially modified the regional stress field and influenced subsequent seismic activity, providing new insights into rupture segmentation, fault interaction, and seismic hazard in southwestern Tianshan.