As a non-invasive modality, sonodynamic therapy (SDT) offers several advantages in cancer treatment, including deep tissue penetration and precise spatiotemporal control, resulting from the interplay between low-intensity ultrasound and sonosensitizers. Piezoelectric materials, known for their remarkable capacity of interconversion of mechanical and electrical energy, have garnered considerable attention in biomedical applications, which can serve as pivotal sonosensitizers in SDT. These materials can generate internal electric fields via ultrasound-induced mechanical deformation, which modulates the alteration of charge carriers, thereby initiating surface redox reactions to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) and realizing the therapeutic efficacy of SDT. This review provides an in-depth exploration of piezoelectric materials utilized in SDT, with a particular emphasis on recent innovations, elucidation of underlying mechanisms, and optimization strategies for advanced biomedical piezoelectric materials. Furthermore, the incorporation of piezoelectric sonosensitizers with immunotherapy, photodynamic, chemodynamic, and chemotherapy is explored, emphasizing their potential to enhance cancer therapy outcomes. By examining the basic principles of the piezoelectric effect and its contributions to SDT, this review sheds light on the promising applications of piezoelectric materials in oncology. It also highlights future directions for improving these materials and expanding their clinical utility in tumor sonodynamic therapy.

Halide perovskite nanocrystals have rapidly emerged as a prominent research topic in materials science over the past decade owing to their exceptional optoelectronic properties and tunability. Their distinctive characteristics, including high light absorption coefficients, high quantum yields, narrow-band emissions, low defect densities, and adjustable chemical compositions and sizes, position them as highly promising candidates for applications in optoelectronic devices, energy conversion units, and other related systems. However, due to the toxicity and instability of halide perovskite nanocrystals, their widespread application in the biomedical field has been limited in the past. In recent years, numerous innovative coating strategies have been reported to effectively enhance the stability of halide perovskite nanocrystals while confining their toxic metal ions within the coating layers, thereby significantly improving their biocompatibility. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the recent progress of halide perovskite nanocrystals in the field of biomedicine. It covers coating strategies to enhance stability and biocompatibility, as well as the applications of coated halide perovskite nanocrystals in biomedicine, with a particular focus on their unique advantages in bioimaging and chemical sensing. Finally, we address unresolved issues and challenges, such as the metabolic pathways and final products of halide perovskite nanocrystals in vivo. We hope to inspire researchers in the field and provide direction for future studies.

This study aimed to examine the fidelity of intervention delivery and identify precursory factors contributing to the successful delivery and beneficial effects of family-oriented dignity therapy. This was a process evaluation with quantitative and qualitative methods alongside a randomized controlled trial from March to May 2019. Nonparametric statistics were used to analyze how participants’ demographics (n ​= ​45 dyads) and process variables influenced the intervention effects. Fourteen patients, 11 family caregivers, and 11 nurses were interviewed to explore their perception of the intervention. Conventional content analysis was adopted to analyze the qualitative data. The fidelity was achieved with minor deviations from the protocol. Higher educational level and higher income were significantly correlated with lower levels of existential distress (H ​= ​12.20, P ​= ​0.030) and higher spiritual well-being (H ​= ​−16.310, P ​= ​0.031), respectively. Higher levels of interest were significantly correlated with lower levels of existential distress (H ​= ​10.396, P ​= ​0.035) and peace of mind distress (H ​= ​−16.778, P ​= ​0.006) and higher levels of life meaning (H ​= ​−12.808, P ​= ​0.047). Patients who had higher response levels to the question were significantly correlated with lower levels of symptom distress (H ​= ​−13.879, P ​= ​0.035). Four major categories were identified from the interview data: (1) benefits of the intervention, (2) risks of the intervention, (3) factors that enhance successful dignity-conserving care, and (4) difficulties and barriers to the delivery of dignity-conserving care. Fidelity and precursory factors that enhance the beneficial effects of family-oriented dignity therapy were identified. Reinforcement strategies, such as using supplementary video, audio, and reading materials; developing a flexible approach to expressing feelings; and exploring lessons and achievements from various perspectives, are recommended for future research to enhance intervention effects. The study was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (registration number: ChiCTR1900020806).

Introduction Patient health education has gradually become an indispensable and important part of nursing work. However, nursing personnel’s performance in this domain remains below satisfactory levels. The absence of patient health education competence (PHEC) constitutes a significant impediment to the effective implementation of such education by nursing personnel. Effective training in PHEC can enable nursing personnel to recognise the importance of patient health education, improve their attitudes towards patient health education and gain comprehensive knowledge and skills, thus improving patients’ health outcomes and quality of life, while also enhancing the overall quality of nursing. However, the related research is fragmented and there is a lack of systematic review of related literature. The scoping review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the existing interventions related to cultivating the PHEC of nursing personnel. Methods and analysis We will use the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology to guide the scoping review proposed by this protocol. Between 1 April 2024 and 15 April 2024, a systematic search of electronic bibliographic databases, including Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, MEDLINE and ERIC, will be conducted. In addition, the grey literature source Google search engine will also be searched. Two reviewers will independently screen and conduct data extraction. Any discrepancies that arise will be resolved through consultation with a third reviewer. The data will be analysed and presented in tables, flow diagrams and text. Ethics and dissemination Ethical approval is not applicable for this study. We will share the findings from the study at national and/or international conferences and in a peer-reviewed journal in the fields of nursing education and/or patient education. Registration number This scoping review had been registered on Open Science Framework (http://osf.io/dapq7).

Aim: The study aimed to translate and adapt the traditional Chinese Food Allergy Quality of Life‐Parental Burden Questionnaire (TC‐FAQL‐PB) into simplified Chinese language and determine the validity and reliability of the translated version.Design: A methodologic study design involving instrument translation and psychometric evaluation was used for the present study.Methods: The simplified Chinese FAQL‐PB (SC‐FAQL‐PB) was developed following Guillemin's guidelines for cross‐cultural adaptation. A convenience sample of 230 participants was recruited. The psychometric properties were examined using internal consistency, test–retest reliability, item discrimination, content validity and construct validity.Results: The values of I‐CVI ranged from 0.83 to 1.00. The CFA model revealed that the study supported the two‐factor model. The questionnaire had good internal consistency with a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.946. The item‐total correlation values ranged from 0.707 to 0.866. Test–retest reliability showed that the intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.926 (95% CI, 0.830–0.968).