Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a highly infectious disease caused by the new coronavirus. Previous studies have shown that the chest CT examination plays an important role in the diagnosis and monitoring of COVID-19. However, some patients with COVID-19 had low white blood cell counts and reduced lymphocyte ratios. Multiple CT examinations may cause radiation damages as well as increase the apoptosis of peripheral blood lymphocytes. A new low-dose CT method should be developed because the regular CT may aggravate the disease. Method: Sixty cases were randomly divided into the study group (n = 30) and control group (n = 30). The lung window was reconstructed by Karl 3D iterative technique in the study group. The image quality was subjectively evaluated by two senior chest group diagnostic physicians using a 5-point double-blind method. The value of CT measurement and its standard deviation (SD) was used as an objective evaluation criteria. The volume of CT dose index (CTDI_vol), dose length product (DLP) and effective dose (ED) from the two groups were compared and analyzed statistically. Result: There was no significant difference in the occurrence rates of ground glass opacities, consolidation, crazy-paving pattern, fiber cable shadow and axial interstitial thickening between the study group and control group (p > 0.05). In addition, no significant difference was found for the subjective score of overall image quality and image noise level (SD) between the two groups (p > 0.05). However, significant differences was found in CTDI_vol, DLP, and ED between the study group and the control group (p < 0.05). The effective dose of the study group was reduced by 76% compared to the control group. Conclusion: CareDose 4D low-dose scanning combined with Karl 3D iterative reconstruction technology can not only greatly reduce the radiation dose, but also provide images that meet the diagnostic criteria of COVID-19, which can be used as a routine method for the follow-up of COVID-19 patients.

Xia T, et al. Korean J Radiol. 2020 May;21(5):545-549. https://doi.org/10.3348/kjr.2020.0240

Cystic lymphangioma (CL) is a rare benign tumor that mainly occurs in the neck and axilla and usually occurs in children, whereas lymphangiosarcoma (LAS) is a rare invasive tumor, usually secondary to chronic lymphedema caused by various causes, with a rare malignant transformation from CL. We presented the case of a 63-year-old woman who underwent four surgical excisions for multiple recurrence of CL in the right groin. The changes of imaging and pathological examination revealed the unusual process of its gradual malignant transformation into LAS. We followed up the patient for 16 years, and she eventually died of LAS complications.

Background: Concurrent pulmonary and renal artery embolism following laparoscopic surgery is exceedingly rare, yet it may result in severe clinical consequences. Case presentation: A 78-year-old woman with uterine prolapse underwent laparoscopic-assisted vaginal hysterectomy (LAVH). Shortly after surgery, she developed dyspnea and abdominal discomfort. Computed tomography angiography (CTA) confirmed acute pulmonary embolism accompanied by renal artery embolism. Following a multidisciplinary team (MDT) consultation, she received percutaneous pulmonary artery thrombectomy (PPAT) combined with anticoagulation therapy. Consequently, her symptoms improved markedly, with follow-up imaging demonstrating satisfactory restoration of blood flow in both the pulmonary and renal arteries. Conclusion: This case represents a rare occurrence of concurrent pulmonary embolism and renal artery embolism following laparoscopic surgery. Effective postoperative venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis and appropriate follow-up strategies are essential for preventing similar events. Timely diagnosis and MDT management are crucial for optimizing clinical outcomes in such complex cases.

Adenomyosis (AM) is a common gynecological disorder with high prevalence among women of childbearing age. Although hysterectomy is the definitive treatment, it is considered unsuitable for patients who wish to preserve fertility, creating an urgent need for effective, minimally invasive alternatives. Despite emerging evidence, no comprehensive synthesis comparing ablation techniques and guidance modalities specifically for AM currently exists. Currently used thermal ablation techniques include high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU), radiofrequency ablation, and percutaneous microwave ablation. Among these, HIFU has gained increasing attention as a non-invasive, uterus-sparing treatment option. Focused ultrasound procedures can be performed under ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) guidance. Magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound surgery (MRgFUS), leveraging the high resolution of MRI, enables more precise lesion targeting, real-time temperature monitoring, and immediate postoperative assessment. MRgFUS can effectively reduce lesion size and alleviate symptoms, while lesion-specific MRI features and radiomics models show predictive value for treatment outcomes. By integrating adjuvant hormonal therapies and advanced imaging evaluations, MRgFUS is expected to not only evolve into a more individualized and precise therapeutic strategy but also help establish standardized frameworks for patient selection and outcome prediction. This review summarizes recent advances in MRgFUS for the treatment of AM, focusing on its unique advantages, safety, and efficacy, and emphasizes the critical role of MRI-based imaging biomarkers in predicting therapeutic outcomes.