Background/Objectives: Cardiovascular diseases remain a leading cause of global mortality. The C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12) gene has been implicated in atherosclerosis; however, its relationship with lipoprotein subfraction profiles remains unclear. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the association between the CXCL12 rs1801157 C>T single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and coronary artery disease (CAD) risk in a Turkish population. The secondary objective was to evaluate the relationship between this polymorphism and LDL and HDL lipoprotein subfraction profiles. Methods: This case–control study included 139 patients with angiographically confirmed CAD and 125 healthy controls. Genotyping was performed using TaqMan real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) subfractions were analyzed using the Lipoprint^® polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis system. Multivariable logistic and linear regression analyses were performed, adjusting for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), and major cardiovascular risk factors. Results: No significant differences in rs1801157 genotype or allele distributions were observed between groups (overall χ² = 0.459, p = 0.796). Logistic regression confirmed that the polymorphism was not an independent predictor of CAD risk (CT: OR = 1.396, p = 0.409; TT: OR = 1.458, p = 0.694). HDL-C was an independent protective factor (OR = 0.952, 95% CI: 0.910–0.996; p = 0.029). Notably, TT homozygous carriers exhibited significantly higher large HDL (p = 0.018) and intermediate HDL (p < 0.001) subfraction levels and markedly lower small LDL concentrations (p < 0.001). Multivariable linear regression confirmed these associations were independent of age, sex, and BMI. Conclusions: The CXCL12 rs1801157 variant does not directly influence CAD susceptibility but modulates lipoprotein quality by promoting larger HDL subfractions and reducing atherogenic small LDL particles, suggesting an indirect cardioprotective role through lipid metabolism.

Advanced wound dressings should actively promote tissue repair while preventing microbial infection and excessive inflammation. In this study, multifunctional electrospun nanofibers composed of poly(vinyl alcohol)/chitosan/gelatin were developed by incorporating green-synthesized mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs), Acacia gum, and Hypericum perforatum extract (HPE). Biological activity and safety were evaluated using disk-diffusion antimicrobial testing, MTT cell viability assays, nitric oxide measurement in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages, an L929 fibroblast scratch assay, and Ames and comet assays. The optimized nanofibers exhibited a uniform morphology with an average fiber diameter of approximately 400 nm and high encapsulation efficiencies (86–96%). MSN incorporation significantly prolonged hypericin release, producing a biphasic release profile with approximately 1.4-fold slower release than nanofibers without MSNs, while increasing Young’s modulus from 2.1 to 2.5 MPa. The hybrid nanofibers demonstrated broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, and Candida albicans, achieving approximately 70% of the efficacy of standard antimicrobial agents. In lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages, the optimized formulation reduced nitric oxide production by approximately 51%, comparable to indomethacin and L-NAME. Although fibroblast migration was not significantly enhanced, the nanofibers exhibited acceptable cytocompatibility and showed no mutagenic or genotoxic effects in Ames and comet assays. These findings demonstrate that green-synthesized MSN-enhanced herbal nanofibers represent a safe and promising platform for sustained drug delivery and advanced wound-healing applications.