Adipose tissue is recognized as a valuable source of cells with angiogenic, immunomodulatory, reparative and antifibrotic properties and emerged as a therapeutic alternative for the regeneration and repair of damaged tissues. The use of adipose-tissue-based therapy is expanding in autoimmune diseases, particularly in Systemic Sclerosis (SSc), a disease in which hands and face are severely affected, leading to disability and a decrease in quality of life. Combining the advantage of an abundant supply of fat tissue and a high abundance of stem/stromal cells, fat grafting and adipose tissue-derived cell-based therapies are attractive therapeutic options in SSc. This review aims to synthesize the evidence to determine the effects of the use of these biological products for face and hands treatment in the context of SSc. This highlights several points: the need to use relevant effectiveness criteria taking into account the clinical heterogeneity of SSc in order to facilitate assessment and comparison of innovative therapies; second, it reveals some impacts of the disease on fat-grafting success; third, an important heterogeneity was noticed regarding the manufacturing of the adipose-derived products and lastly, it shows a lack of robust evidence from controlled trials comparing adipose-derived products with standard care.

Standard ISO testing of cosmetic emulsions offers limited insight into the microstructural mechanisms governing long-term stability. We hypothesize that a single weight-percent increase in emulsifier concentration is sufficient to determine, through its effect on inter-bilayer junction connectivity, whether the lamellar gel network consolidates or fails. To test this, we apply a two-tier strategy combining ISO/TR 18811 testing and Turbiscan turbidimetry with rheology, laser diffraction, and AI-assisted polarized light microscopy, on two oil-in-water emulsions structured by a lamellar gel network and stabilized by Cetearyl Alcohol/Cetearyl Glucoside at 2 wt% (Emulsion A) and 3 wt% (Emulsion B) over 30 days of storage. First-tier testing distinguished formulations only at Day 30; Turbiscan index values (2.64, 1.78) stayed below threshold throughout. The second-tier protocol resolved structural divergence from Day 8 to 15, two to three weeks earlier. In Emulsion A, a transient birefringent fraction (51.5% at Day 8) preceded network disruption, droplet coalescence, and a drift of the loss tangent toward more liquid-like values. In Emulsion B, birefringence expanded to 98.4% by Day 30 and the loss tangent declined to 0.325. These results indicate that a 1 wt% difference in emulsifier concentration, within a range of industrial use, is sufficient to determine whether the lamellar gel network consolidates or fails, and that combining rheology, laser diffraction and AI-assisted microscopy resolves this divergence two to three weeks before conventional ISO criteria are met.

This study investigates the chronic effects of chlordecone (CLD) and propylparaben (PP), two pro‐estrogenic endocrine disruptors, on Hydra vulgaris Pallas, 1766 using a multiscale approach over a 14‐day exposure period. Environmentally relevant concentrations of CLD (0.5, 5, 20 μg L ⁻¹ ) and PP (0.01, 0.05, 0.40 μg L ⁻¹ ) were tested individually and in mixtures. CLD and PP single exposures reduced the asexual reproductive rate (RHR) by 20% at intermediate CLD and high PP concentrations, whereas mixtures caused stronger declines up to 60.0% at high concentration. Severe morphological damage occurred only under high‐dose mixtures. We analyzed the expression of 17 genes covering detoxification, oxidative stress, endocrine function, regeneration, neurotransmission, proteolysis, and epigenetic regulation. Except for G6pd and Thypedin , single exposures to CLD and PP either increased or decreased gene expression. Only a limited subset of genes ( Cyp17‐like and Cyp1a‐like under CLD; Cyp17‐like , G6pd , and Thypedin under PP) displayed dose‐related tendencies, while most other genes showed non‐monotonic or irregular responses typical of endocrine disruptors. Mixture effects included antagonism, potentiation, and coalition, with non‐monotonic responses such as Cyp17‐like induction showing a 2‐fold increase at low concentration and reversal or neutralization of oxidative‐stress markers. Mixtures also increased ubiquitin in damaged hydras exposed to high‐dose mixtures and reduced global DNA methylation (up to −43%). Together, these results highlight that mixture effects diverge markedly from single‐compound responses, show no additive effects, reinforce the importance of assessing endocrine disruptors in combination, and confirm the relevance of H. vulgaris as a sensitive model at environmental concentrations.