With the growing popularity of Internet of Things (IoT) and Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS), cloud- based systems have assumed a greater important role. However, there lacks formal approaches to modeling the risks transferred through information systems implemented in a cloud-based environment. This paper explores formal methods to quantify the risks associated with an information system and evaluate its variation throughout its implementation. Specifically, we study the risk variation through a quantitative and longitudinal model spanning from the launch of a cloud-based information systems project to its completion. In addition, we propose to redefine the risk estimation method to differentiate a mitigated risk from an unmitigated risk. This research makes valuable contributions by helping practitioners understand whether cloud computing presents a competitive advantage or a threat to the sustainability of a company.

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to contribute to a growing body of research on information systems security, by studying open source alternatives for cloud computing. Several questions have been raised about the reliability of these promising but ambiguous offers, as the adoption of a cloud solution within an enterprise is generally accompanied by a change in the chief information officer (CIOs) role and loss of expertise. Design/methodology/approach: The research uses a mixed research methodology: a first step is based on a questionnaire survey to investigate the security aspects of open source and understand the role of CIOs in the migration process. The investigation involved nearly 800 companies operating in the cloud computing sector in 16 European countries between November 2015 and January 2016. Then, this paper completes the research with a qualitative study by examining the activity of two sample companies. Findings: Research confirms that open source cloud solutions offer a higher level of security than proprietary solutions. It is also noted that the role of CIOs is delegated to a third external actor: a transition CIO. Transition CIO is the guarantor of the strategic and security choices of small and medium enterprises. Research limitations/implications: These findings have important implications and great value to managers and cloud computing providers, in terms of formulating better cloud computing solutions. This study can also assist in increasing their understanding of the new role of CIO in the migration process to cloud computing. Originality/value: This study contributes to the body of research on cloud computing. It is first of its kind with its focus on open source alternatives. Another novelty of this research is that it suggests a new conception for the CIOs role in the migration to cloud computing. Finally, the findings of this study would serve as a European market study to different companies interested in cloud computing.

This paper explores the significance of temporality in the study of global information systems (IS) Research. It critiques the static cross-sectional focus of traditional IS research, advocating for longitudinal studies that capture the evolving dynamics of organizational processes and technological change, in the context of globalized and complex IS. We conduct a meta-analysis of 327 longitudinal IS studies between 2004 and 2023, categorizing them by methodological approach (ethnographic, quantitative) and time perception (social “Kairos” vs. mechanical “Chronos”). We propose a conceptual framework highlighting the need for future IS research to integrate both social and mechanical conceptions of time. This framework aids in understanding technological adoption, user behavior, and organizational transformation in a global context. The paper underscores the importance of considering temporal factors in IS research, offering insights that benefit both academic researchers and practitioners in managing long-term IS implementations involving complex and multicultural teams.

In the last decade, Knowledge management (KM) has evolved to face new threats and challenges. It has been reorganized to facilitate information access. However, the excess of information may affect the understanding and induce the loss of information. Consequently, many scientific projects conflict are unfinished or poorly completed. For this reason, developing a collaborative KM based on transfer knowledge could be an excellent solution to face a specific problem in a scientific field. This article gives us many tools that could be used specifically in a research center and adapted in many scientific areas. The authors first define each main actor contributing to Knowledge sharing in a research center through a design science research approach. Then, they propose how a problem could be managed using the knowledge-sharing creation process. Finally, they summarize steps that could be used to implement collaborative knowledge management.