Incorporating technology into the learning process has resulted in the development of various new media for lecturers to use in delivering subject matter. Furthermore, the material presented is intended to enable students to develop creative and innovative ideas in higher education vocational majors in makeup and beauty. The purpose of this study is to determine how effective the flipbook-based module is in increasing student creativity in nail art subject at the Department of Beauty and Cosmetology at Universitas Negeri Padang. This study employs a quantitative and experimental approach (Group Pretest-Posttest Design). Data were collected from thirty respondents using a Likert scale questionnaire and a pre-test and post-test of nail art practice skills. All respondents are students in the Department of Cosmetology and Beauty, Faculty of Tourism and Hospitality, for the 2021/2022 academic year. All data were then analyzed descriptively and correlated using SPSS 23 software. Overall, the analysis results showed that using flip book-based e-modules could increase students' creativity in nail art subjects. These results can be proven by the effectiveness test of students' creativity, with an average value of 71.9%. Furthermore, the correlation analysis revealed a significant value of 0.05 and a t-score of 7.083 t-table of 2.045. The results of this study imply that it can provide references for education in choosing learning media and strategies for delivering learning materials that are effective in increasing creativity. Furthermore, this can be used as a basis for further development to produce effective media and learning approaches.

Debate as a Tool for Learning and Facilitating Based on Higher Order Thinking Skills in The Process of Argumentative Essay Writing

Reading comprehension is a foundational skill that underpins many aspects of learning, communication, problem solving, and personal development. This study investigates the relationship between parents’ reading attitudes, early literacy activities and students’ reading comprehension as well as examines the influence of early literacy activities as a mediator. It is a quantitative study using a cross-sectional survey approach. The study sample consisted of 393 year five students and their respective parents from fifteen primary schools in Kelantan. The participants were selected using a multi-level random sampling method. The analysis of the study involves descriptive tests and inferential analysis involving structural equation modelling. The finding shows that there is a moderate direct effect of parents’ reading attitudes on early literacy activities and moderate direct effect of early literacy activities on students’ reading comprehension. There is no direct influence of parents’ reading attitudes on students’ reading comprehension. The indirect effects of parents’ reading attitudes on students’ reading comprehension exist significantly through early literacy activities which act as a full mediator to the relationship between parents’ reading attitudes and students’ reading comprehension. The results of this study provide practical implications in empowering parents to provide a learning environment at home.

Health chatbots have been growing into a necessary tool for dealing with risky and important contexts, such as medical and health information seeking. Meanwhile, trust towards chatbots influences people’s willingness to embrace technology and use it consistently. Thus, it is important to explore the mechanism of forming trust towards the health chatbots. The TAM has been introduced to explain the mechanism. This study extends the TAM framework by incorporating perceived risk and self-efficacy to develop an expanded model that explains the mechanisms underlying trust formation in health chatbots, applying a survey and investigating 480 Chinese chatbot users on the Credamo. The findings show that perceived risk reduces trust both directly and indirectly through perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and self-efficacy. Both parallel and serial mediation pathways were supported. These results offer a more complete insight into trust formation in high-risk AI contexts and provide practical guidance for chatbot design and governance in health communication.

HRMARS is well established journal publisher based in Pakistan. It is publishing prominent journals in social sciences since 2011.

The main objectives of this research are to develop the items of students’ experiential e-learning scale, to verify and construct validate the psychometric properties of students’ experiential e-learning measurement model. The study also aimed to investigate the experiential e-learning of students in higher learning institutions in Malaysia. This research is quantitative in nature employing the cross-sectional survey design. The Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing will be adapted in the development of the instrument. Content validity ratio (CVR) and Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) will be used to analyze the corresponding items of experiential e-learning constructs. The psychometric properties of experiential e-learning measurement model will be empirically tested via Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). This will be accompanied by a descriptive study to explore the students’ experiential e-learning. Exploration of students’ experiential e-learning in higher learning institutions can provide further insights into what works in an open online environment. This research will produce an adequate measurement model and a psychometrically sound instrument of students’ experiential e-learning as well as the publications and intellectual properties (IP).