Adenosine regulates multiple physiological processes through the activation of four receptor subtypes, of which the A_2B adenosine receptor (A_2BAR) has the lowest affinity for adenosine. Being the adenosine receptor subtype most prominently expressed in epidermis, we recently described the antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory effect of the selective A_2BAR agonist BAY60-6583 (BAY) in human keratinocytes stimulated with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), so we sought to establish the effect of topical application of BAY in a model of murine epidermal hyperplasia. Topical application of BAY (1 or 10 μg/site) prevented the inflammatory reaction and skin lesions induced by TPA, minimizing hyperproliferation and acanthosis, as well as the expression of specific markers of proliferative keratinocytes. On the other hand, pre-treatment with the selective A_2BAR antagonist, PSB-1115 (PSB, 5 or 50 μg/site) reversed these beneficial effects. Additionally, BAY application normalized the expression of epidermal barrier proteins, whose integrity is altered in inflammatory skin diseases, while treatment with the antagonist alone worsened it. Our results, besides confirming the anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative effects of the A2BAR agonist, further demonstrate a role of A_2BAR activation to preserve the epidermal barrier. Therefore, the activation of A_2BAR may constitute a possible new pharmacological target for the treatment of skin inflammatory diseases such as psoriasis.

Gouty arthritis results from monosodium urate (MSU) crystal deposition in joints, initiating (pro)-interleukin (IL)-1β maturation, inflammatory mediator release, and neutrophil infiltration, leading to joint swelling and pain. Parathyroid hormone-related protein (107–111) C-terminal peptide (osteostatin) has shown anti-inflammatory properties in osteoblasts and collagen-induced arthritis in mice, but its impact in gouty arthritis models remains unexplored. We investigated the effect of osteostatin on pyroptosis, inflammation, and oxidation in macrophages, as well as its role in the formation of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals and MSU-induced gouty arthritis in mice models. Osteostatin ameliorated pyroptosis induced by lipopolysaccharide and adenosine 5′-triphosphate (LPS + ATP) in mice peritoneal macrophages by reducing the expression of caspase-1, lactate dehydrogenase release, and IL-1β and IL-18 secretion. Additionally, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were also decreased due to the reduced activation of the NF-κB pathway. Furthermore, osteostatin displayed antioxidant properties in LPS + ATP-stimulated macrophages, resulting in reduced production of mitochondrial and extracellular reactive oxygen species and enhanced Nrf2 translocation to the nuclei. In both models of gouty arthritis, osteostatin administration resulted in reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine production, decreased leukocyte migration, and reduced caspase-1 and NF-κB activation. These results highlight the potential of osteostatin as a therapeutic option for gouty arthritis.

La falsificación e identificación incorrecta de productos farmacéuticos supone un reto creciente para la salud pública. Para fomentar el pensamiento crítico y la capacidad de análisis normativo, se diseñó una actividad de innovación docente en la asignatura de Legislación y Deontología Farmacéutica de la Universitat de València. Participaron estudiantes de cuarto curso del Grado en Farmacia y de quinto del Doble Grado en Farmacia y Nutrición Humana y Dietética. La actividad se desarrolló en cuatro fases: (1) pretest con siete preguntas tipo test, (2) visualización de un vídeo explicativo sobre tipos de productos farmacéuticos, (3) dinámica grupal con rol de inspector/a de sanidad para clasificar productos según su etiquetado, y (4) postest y encuesta de valoración. Los resultados evidenciaron una mejora significativa en la comprensión del contenido (aumento del 68,6% en la puntuación media), una reducción del 31,2% en el tiempo de respuesta y una alta satisfacción del alumnado. Esta experiencia destaca la utilidad de las metodologías activas y la simulación en el aprendizaje profundo y el compromiso estudiantil.

Implementación de un taller práctico basado en el juego para incrementar el aprendizaje y la motivación en el estudio de los músculos faciales