Quick drying is one of the most crucial factors in the comfort and performance of active sportswear clothing. It helps to keep the wearer dry and comfortable by effectively wicking away sweat and moisture from the body. In the light of this, a substantial number of previous researchers have identified fabric properties and types that have a significant impact on fabric drying performance. Studies have also been conducted to examine the impact of fabric drying on human physiology during sports-related activities. However, there are still some technical knowledge gaps in the existing literature related to the drying performance of active sportswear fabrics. This review article provides a critical analysis of the literature on the impact of various fabric attributes as well as the physiological and environmental factors on moisture management and drying performance. The key issues in this field are determined so that future research can be directed and this scientific field can advance in order to improve the overall performance of active sportswear fabrics.

The color appearance of residential carpets under different illuminants can influence the purchase decisions of consumers, visual merchandisers, and interior designers. This study was designed to investigate and characterize the color appearance of residential carpets under average Noon Daylight (D65), Incandescent (A), and Cool White Fluorescent (F02) illuminants commonly used in retail and household settings. The objective of this study was to identify the key features significantly affecting the apparent color of the carpets under those three illuminants. Four different carpets were dyed with light, medium, and dark shades of red and green colors to identify the difference in color perception when illuminated by different lighting arrangements. A spectrophotometer was used to measure the lightness, chroma, and hue of the carpets via the CIELAB scale developed by Commission Internationale de l’Eclairage (CIE). Statistically significant differences among the L*, a*, and b* values of the carpets were evaluated using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Regression analyses were carried out to identify key parameters affecting the L*, a* and b* values. Multiple linear regression (MLR) was applied to generate equations to predict L*, a* and b* values under different illuminant for different carpet features. A decreasing trend in the L*, a*, and b* values have been observed from lighter to darker shades under the illuminants for all the carpets. The deposition of dye molecules over the carpet surface had significant effects on the CIELAB values, and the distribution of dye molecules over the carpet surface was influenced by the constructional parameters of the carpets. The study provides an overview of the effects of carpet structures on color perception under different illuminants, which could help the researcher to determine the apparent color of different carpets under various illuminants.

Thermal protective clothing (TPC) plays an important role in safeguarding firefighters exposed to high-temperature hazards. However, existing TPC systems lack the ability to address the comprehensive safety needs of working in a hazardous thermal environment. Limitations such as poor breathability, unstable insulation under different exposure conditions, and limited capability to mitigate carcinogenic particle exposure often contribute to heat stress, burn-related injuries, and cancer-related health effects among firefighters. In recent years, nanotechnology has attracted growing attention as a possible route toward more advanced TPC systems. Nanoscale materials offer significant pathways to engineer the thermal, moisture-management, and particle-filtration attributes of textile systems, making them highly relevant for improving TPC performance. This review analyzes current nanotechnology in terms of composition, processing, structure, properties, and performance. A total of 88 selected studies were reviewed and classified according to the nanosystem used to achieve relevant TPC functions. The performance domains investigated include flame retardancy, thermal management, moisture transport, filtration, and additional functions, to evaluate their potential for TPC applications. Nanotechnology can expand the TPC design space through multidomain protection and performance optimization; however, research remains largely fragmented. This review integrates findings and identifies design challenges and limitations, providing a coherent basis for comparing and guiding future TPC material design.