Purpose: In adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis, a disturbance in body image is the one of main complaint. Hence, concerns related-body image perceptions may be related to the deformity perception, trunk aesthetics and daily functioning. The aim of this study was to evaluate the body image disturbance and its association among deformity perception, trunk aesthetic, and quality of life in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS).Methods: A total of 105 patients with AIS were included in the study. Body Image Disturbance Questionnaire-Scoliosis (BIDQ-S) for body image disturbance, Walter Reed Visual Assessment Scale (WRVAS) and Trunk Appearance Perception Scale (TAPS) for perception of patient’s deformity, Trunk Aesthetic Clinical Evaluation (TRACE) for trunk aesthetic and Scoliosis Research Society-22 (SRS-22) for quality of life were used. Pearson Correlation test were used to compare the data obtained in the study.Results: The mean age of patients was 14.05±2.29 years, and the mean Cobb angles were 25.1±9.2° (ranged from 10° to 52°) for primary curve. The BIDQ-S demonstrated very good correlated to the SRS-22 total (r=-0.672, p<0.001) and pain domain (r=-0.631, p<0.001), the WRVAS (r=0.713, p<0.001), TAPS (r=0.672, p<0.001) and TRACE (r=0.614, p<0.001). There was a good correlation between BIDQ-S and other SRS-22 activity, image, and mental domains (r=-0.520; r=-0.518; r=-0.572, p<0.001). No correlation was found between BIDQ-S and the SRS-22 satisfaction domain (r=-0.102; p=0.296).Conclusion: Body image disturbances strongly related with the patients’ perception of deformity, trunk aesthetic, and quality of life.

Objectives: Accurate measurement of weight-bearing (WB) is critical in musculoskeletal and neurological rehabilitation, yet current systems are often costly and impractical for routine use. This study investigated the concurrent validity of the S-GAIT insole, a low-cost and portable tool, compared with the Digital Biometry Scanning System and Milletrix Software (DIASU, Italy). Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional, within-subject comparative design was applied to compare S-GAIT and DIASU. Twenty-one healthy individuals (mean age 32.6 ± 7.3 years) participated. WB of both lower extremities was assessed during quiet standing using both devices in a single laboratory session. Data were collected under standardized static conditions, and outcomes were statistically analyzed. Results: No significant differences were found between S-GAIT and DIASU in WB measures (p > 0.05). Strong Pearson correlations (r = 0.832–0.838, p < 0.001) and high intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC = 0.89–0.94, 95% CI: 0.73–0.95) were obtained. Bland–Altman analysis indicated low standard error of the mean for differences, confirming agreement between systems. Conclusions: The S-GAIT insole provided valid WB measurements when compared with DIASU under static conditions. Its strong psychometric properties and low cost support its potential as an economical, accessible, and clinically useful tool for objective WB quantification. By enabling portable WB assessment and real-time feedback that can be integrated into home-based or remote rehabilitation, the S-GAIT may facilitate patient compliance, telemonitoring, and more individualized therapeutic decision-making in musculoskeletal and neurological care.

Bu bölüm, ortopedik rehabilitasyonda ortez, protez ve yardımcı cihaz kullanımını klinik endikasyonlar ve güncel kanıtlar ışığında özetlemektedir. Öncelikle alt ekstremite (ayak-ayak bileği, diz, diz-ayak bileği-ayak/KAFO), üst ekstremite (omuz-dirsek, el bileği-el-başparmak) ve spinal (servikal, torakolomber) ortez grupları; tasarım özellikleri, reçetelendirme ilkeleri ve başlıca endikasyonları bakımından ele alınmaktadır. Ardından alt ve üst ekstremite protez sistemleri; soket tasarımları, süspansiyon yöntemleri, eklem ve ayak bileşenleri ile güncel bir cerrahi teknik olan osseointegrasyon tartışılmaktadır. Son bölümde baston, koltuk değneği ve yürüteç gibi yürüme yardımcıları, doğru seçim ve ayarlama ile yürüyüş eğitimi ilkeleriyle birlikte sunulmakta; giyinme, tuvalet-banyo, mutfak, transfer, çevresel düzenlemeler ve akıllı ev teknolojilerini kapsayan günlük yaşam aktivitesi adaptasyonları ile düşme önleme yaklaşımları anlatılmaktadır. Bölüm, ortopedik rehabilitasyon ekibi için pratik bir uygulama kontrol listesiyle sonlanmaktadır. Amaç, klinisyenlere biyomekanik hedefler, doku toleransı ve hasta bildirimli sonuçlar temelinde bireyselleştirilmiş cihaz reçetelendirmesi için kapsamlı, güncel bir referans sunmaktır. This chapter provides an overview of orthoses, prostheses, and assistive devices used in orthopedic rehabilitation, framed by clinical indications and current evidence. Lower extremity (foot-ankle, knee, knee-ankle-foot/KAFO), upper extremity (shoulder-elbow, wrist-hand-thumb), and spinal (cervical, thoracolumbar) orthoses are reviewed with attention to design features, prescription principles, and key indications. Lower and upper extremity prosthetic systems are then discussed, including socket designs, suspension methods, joint and foot components, and osseointegration as an emerging surgical technique. The chapter further addresses ambulatory aids—canes, crutches, and walkers—together with proper fitting and gait-training principles, as well as adaptations that facilitate activities of daily living, including dressing, toileting, bathing, kitchen tasks, transfers, environmental modifications, and smart-home technologies, alongside fall-prevention strategies. It concludes with a practical checklist for the rehabilitation team. The overall aim is to provide clinicians with a concise, evidence-informed reference for individualized device prescription based on biomechanical goals, tissue tolerance, and patient-reported outcomes.

Background: Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is associated with pain and lower-limb muscle weakness. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) may reduce symptoms, but functional recovery may depend on concurrent exercise. Aims: To evaluate changes in pain and knee/hip muscle strength after a single intra-articular PRP injection combined with a 6-week home exercise programme in women with knee OA. Methods: In this single-group longitudinal study, 27 women (mean age 57.5±7.3 years) performed home exercises three times weekly for 6 weeks after unilateral PRP injection. Outcomes were assessed at baseline (5 days post-injection), week 6, and week 12: hip stability isometric strength using the Hip Stability Isometric Test (HipSIT), quadriceps and hamstring strength (hand-held dynamometry; N/kg), and activity pain using a visual analog scale (VAS, 0–10). Repeated-measures ANOVA was used. Results: On the affected side, The Hip Stability Isometric Test (HipSIT) increased from 2.68±1.19 to 3.15±1.13 at week 6 and 3.25±1.19 at week 12 (p=0.006). Quadriceps strength increased from 2.57±0.91 to 2.95±0.98 and 2.88±1.07 (p=0.001), and hamstring strength from 1.43±0.56 to 1.67±0.59 and 1.69±0.56 (p=0.011). Activity pain decreased from 7.27±2.10 to 4.48±2.42 and 4.22±2.93 (p=0.001). Conclusions: A single PRP injection followed by a short home exercise programme was associated with reduced pain and improved hip stability and knee muscle strength up to 12 weeks in women with knee OA.