Reducing the effects of harmonics on the electrical power systems with passive filters

Various methods have been developed to increase electrical energy production gains in photovoltaic (PV) systems. These can be classified as solar tracking systems, cooling systems and methods of reducing the effect of shading. In order to maximise the PV energy yield, the PV systems must follow the sun. In this study, the effect of solar tracking systems on the energy yield gains of PV systems is investigated, and various types of solar tracking systems are discussed in detail. To ensure accuracte tracking of the postion of the sun, a new, low-cost, system has been developed that employs a global positioning system (GPS) module, compass and accelerometer. With this necessary angle information a dual-axis coordinate-based solar tracking system was designed using the Arduino Mega 2560 microcontroler with home-built control software. The system is validated by comparing it to a fixed angle system and an energy yield gain of 33–38% is found.

Wind energy is a renewable, sustainable, and localized power source. These features motivate countries to adopt wind turbines, with many nations employing incentives to enhance the installed capacity of these systems. The selection of locations for wind turbine installations is crucial for optimizing turbine performance and augmenting installed capacity. This study examined 20 distinct places in the province of Erzurum as potential locations for the development of wind power installations. This research identified prospective locations for the development of wind power facilities in Erzurum, Turkey, employing a geographic information‐based multicriteria decision‐making (MCDM) methodology and a geographic information system (GIS). The plan incorporated topographical, structural, climatic, and environmental factors, including wind velocity, land cover classification, gradient, closeness to land and substations, transportation networks, communities, fault lines, power grids, and erosion areas. A wind farm suitability map was created using a weighted process questionnaire and assessed criteria maps, employing the analytical hierarchy process (AHP). The result map shows that 83.052% of the total area is designated as favorable, while 15.858% is rated as most favorable. This study highlighted the erosion criterion for the first time. This investigation utilized 17 criteria. The aim is to locate a wind power facility in a more suitable site by employing these characteristics. In district‐level evaluations of the wind power plant suitability map, İspir province occupies the top position.

Günümüzde kullanılan en yaygın yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarından bir tanesi de rüzgâr enerjisidir. Bu çalışmada Kilis ili için 10 metre yükseklikteki rüzgâr hız değerleri baz alınarak 30, 40, 60 ve 80 metre yüksekliklerindeki rüzgâr hızları hesaplanmıştır. Böylece, Kilis İli için yıllık rüzgâr enerjisi potansiyeli hesaplanmıştır. Ayrıca farklı iller için de var olan rüzgâr hızı değerlerine bağlı olarak farklı yükseklikteki rüzgâr hızları hesaplanabilmektedir. Bu sayede kurulmak istenen rüzgâr türbinin de seçimi doğru bir şekilde yapılmaktadır.

It is necessary to know the short circuit current values of transmission and distribution lines, network equipment, transformers, breakers, fuses etc. to select and install protection systems in an electrical network. It is vital to make this selection correctly for safety, continuous operation, keep supplied power quality in an appropriate level and protect customers from adverse effects of both short circuit currents and outbreaks. In this paper, single phase-to-ground fault short circuit currents which are possible to occur in Van 154 kV substation are modelled under MATLAB / Simulink platform. Simulation results are compared with actual data which is taken from digital relays of substation. Comparison results prove the validation of simulation system.