Background: Endometrial cancer is associated with changes in blood cell counts and with high levels of inflammatory markers, thus reflecting the tumor’s impact on various biological processes and suggesting their potential as biomarkers for endometrial cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment response. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio in peripheral blood sampled preoperatively from patients have been reported to be independently associated with the prognosis of different types of malignancies. Objectives: This study aimed to compare several blood markers—red blood cells, white blood cells, platelet parameters, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio, C-reactive protein, and fibrinogen—in patients with benign or malignant endometrial tumors. Material and methods: Our retrospective study included 670 patients (192 diagnosed with endometrial cancer and 478 with endometrial hyperplasia), and we compared the serological parameters discussed above with those sampled the day before surgery. Results: Analysis of complete blood count indices revealed no significant differences in red blood cell or total white blood cell parameters between the endometrial cancer group and the endometrial hyperplasia group. However, a distinct pattern emerged in the white blood cell differential. The endometrial cancer group showed a statistically significant decrease in lymphocyte count compared with the endometrial hyperplasia group. In contrast, the endometrial cancer group showed significantly higher mean platelet counts and increased mean platelet volume compared with controls. Furthermore, the endometrial cancer group demonstrated a marked inflammatory response, as evidenced by significantly elevated levels of C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio compared with the endometrial hyperplasia group. Conclusions: The current research revealed statistically significant differences in multiple serological biomarkers between the two groups. These findings support the initial hypothesis regarding the potential utility of these biomarkers in endometrial cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment response, highlighting the existence of biomarkers affordable for analysis under any health system, regardless of the country’s level of development.

Vulvar cancer is one of the rarest gynecological malignancies. The development of this condition can be associated with either dysplasia linked to human papillomavirus (HPV), primarily affecting younger women, or vulvar dermatoses such as lichen sclerosus, which predominantly affect older women. Over the last decade, the incidence of vulvar cancer has risen by 0.6% annually, while the relative survival rate has declined. Although metastasis to the vulva is uncommon, it can occur, particularly from cancers in nearby organs such as the cervix, bladder, rectum, or anus. More rarely, metastases from breast cancer and renal cell carcinoma have been reported in the vulva. Vaginal metastases from clear cell renal carcinoma are especially rare. In this article, we present the case of a 56-year-old patient diagnosed with clear cell renal carcinoma, who came to our clinic with a lesion on the right labia, which was identified as a metastasis originating from the kidney. Given the rarity of genital metastases in renal cancer, such cases should be examined and discussed to encourage further research and studies.

Background/Objectives: Despite its low incidence, complete postoperative abdominal evisceration represents a complication requiring an urgent solution. We aimed to present a rare case of an abdominal evisceration of the omentum and small-bowel loops after a total abdominal hysterectomy and review the literature regarding this condition’s diagnosis and therapeutic management. Case report: On the sixth postoperative day for a uterine fibroid, a 68-year-old patient presented with an abdominal evisceration of the omentum and small bowel that occurred two hours before. An emergency laparotomy was performed to correct the evisceration and restore the integrity of the abdominal wall structure. The literature review was carried out in the PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases using the terms “abdominal wall dehiscence”, “abdominal evisceration”, “open abdomen”, “burst abdomen”, “abdominal fascial dehiscence”, “abdominal dehiscence post-hysterectomy”, and “hysterectomy complications” by identifying all-time articles published in English. Results: Seven studies were included in this electronic search. The early diagnosis of abdominal evisceration, the identification of risk factors and comorbidities, followed by the choice of surgical technique, and postoperative follow-up were parts of the standard algorithm for managing this life-threatening case. Conclusions: Abdominal evisceration, as a surgical emergency, requires the diagnosis and treatment of this complication alongside the identification of the risk factors that can lead to its occurrence, as well as careful postoperative monitoring adapted to each case.

Background: Fetal long-bone fractures are rare and may result from maternal trauma, skeletal dysplasia, or, less commonly, apparently spontaneous events. Prenatal diagnosis is primarily based on ultrasonography, while the subsequent course of fetal fracture healing and long-term remodeling remains poorly documented. Case Presentation: A 35-week fetus sustained a displaced mid-diaphyseal fracture of the right femur following a maternal frontal motor vehicle collision. Initial ultrasonography demonstrated approximately 68° of interfragmentary angulation and surrounding soft-tissue edema. Maternal and fetal surveillance over the following 7 days showed no evidence of fetal compromise. Serial ultrasound examinations demonstrated progressive callus formation, with a globular membranous callus at day 7 and a prominent hyperechoic callus with peripheral vascularization and reduced fragment mobility at day 14. Delivery occurred by cesarean section at 39+2 weeks for an obstetric indication. The newborn weighed 3150 g and had Apgar scores of 9 and 10. The fracture was clinically consolidated but remained in severe malunion, with approximately 56° of ventrolateral angulation and a clinically estimated 6.5 cm apparent clinical shortening. No orthopedic intervention was undertaken. Progressive spontaneous correction was documented, with residual angulation of 35° at 3 months and 15° at 6 months. By 10 months, complete angular correction and limb-length equalization were documented. Independent walking was achieved at 12 months. At 12 years of age, the child had normal limb alignment, equal limb lengths, normal gait, and no functional sequelae. Conclusions: This case demonstrates an unusual combination of prenatal fracture healing, severe neonatal malunion, and complete long-term spontaneous correction without orthopedic intervention. The reported 6.5-cm shortening should be interpreted as apparent clinical shortening rather than definitive anatomical shortening because it was not established by standardized radiographic limb-length measurement. Geometric analysis indicates that angular deformity alone could account for only approximately 0.8–1.0 cm of shortening at term. The subsequent course is consistent with substantial growth-related remodeling and provides a rare longitudinal example of the remodeling potential of the immature femur.

Pelvic pain may persist despite guideline-concordant endometriosis care. Evidence for primary motor cortex repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (M1-rTMS) in this population is limited. We assessed daily pain and activity interference, treatment delivery and safety after clinically indicated M1-rTMS. A prospective, single-centre observational cohort enrolled women with confirmed endometriosis and chronic pelvic pain. Ten left M1-rTMS sessions were scheduled over two weeks (10 Hz, 80% resting motor threshold, 1500 pulses/session). Daily diaries recorded pelvic pain and activity interference during pre-treatment, treatment, and post-treatment days 1–28 and week 8. Changes were estimated using linear mixed-effects models. Forty-two participants were enrolled and 40 initiated treatment; analyses included 37 for pain and 35 for interference. Model-based marginal mean pain decreased from 5.69 to 4.69 (change, −1.00; 95% CI, −1.46 to −0.55; p < 0.001), and interference from 6.03 to 4.63 (change, −1.39; 95% CI, −1.84 to −0.95; p < 0.001). Both remained below pre-treatment at week 8. Ten of 34 evaluable participants achieved ≥30% pain reduction and three achieved ≥50%. Of the 400 planned sessions, 386 were delivered; a total of 33/40 participants attended all ten and 38/40 at least eight. Twenty-eight participants reported 47 treatment-emergent adverse events; one was severe, none was serious, and all were resolved. M1-rTMS was feasible to deliver with high protocol fidelity and acceptable tolerability. Modest reductions in pain and activity interference were observed, although clinically important pain relief occurred in a minority; without a sham, usual-care, or untreated comparator, these changes cannot be attributed causally to rTMS. Controlled trials are required to determine efficacy and optimal dosing.

Background: Postpartum anemia frequently requires packed red blood cell (PRBC) transfusion; however, the contribution of intravenous iron to early hematologic recovery remains uncertain. This study evaluated hemoglobin dynamics following transfusion and the effect of adjunctive intravenous iron therapy. Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, 61 obstetric patients requiring PRBC transfusion were included. Hematologic parameters were assessed at admission, postoperatively, post-transfusion, and at day 7. Patients were stratified according to the administration of intravenous ferric carboxymaltose. Hemoglobin changes and reticulocyte response were analyzed, including a subgroup receiving two PRBC units. Results: Mean hemoglobin decreased from 9.36 ± 1.16 g/dL at admission to 6.33 ± 1.05 g/dL postoperatively, increased to 8.32 ± 0.78 g/dL after transfusion, and reached 8.75 ± 0.97 g/dL at day 7 (p < 0.001). No significant differences between groups were observed before or immediately after transfusion. At day 7, hemoglobin was significantly higher in patients receiving intravenous iron compared with those without supplementation (9.63 ± 1.03 vs. 8.03 ± 0.36 g/dL, p < 0.001). The increase in hemoglobin from post-transfusion to day 7 was greater in the iron group (1.14 ± 0.84 vs. −0.15 ± 0.33 g/dL, p < 0.001), accompanied by a higher reticulocyte response (2.56 ± 0.49% vs. 0.93 ± 0.26%, p < 0.001). Similar findings were observed in the two-unit subgroup. Conclusions: Adjunctive intravenous iron was associated with improved early hemoglobin recovery after transfusion without affecting immediate correction, supporting its clinical use in obstetric patients.