Obesity is a health disorder characterized by an increase in body weight, measured by waist circumference. High waist circumference is linked to potential development of non-communicable diseases. A systematic review study was used to explore health risks of high waist circumference through Google Scholar, Science Direct, Pubmed, and Proquest. Findings show that high waist circumference increased the risks of developing hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, joint pain, low back pain, and hyperuricemia. It is recommended that government increase their role in raising public awareness to maintain healthy lifestyle.

The use of stem cells is a breakthrough in medical biotechnology which brings regenerative therapy into a new era. Over the past several decades, stem cells had been widely used as regenerative therapy and Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) had emerged as a promising therapeutic option. Currently stem cells are effective therapeutic agents againts several diseases due to their tissue protective and repair mechanisms. This therapeutic effect is largely due to the biomolecular properties including secretomes.

In dentistry, problems of craniofacial, osteochondral, periodontal tissue, nerve, pulp or endodontics injuries, and osteoarthritis need regenerative therapy. The use of stem cells in dental tissue ... Graphical abstract Lay abstract Application of stem cells in dental tissue engineering such as in osteochondral, periodontal, pulp, salivary gland or nerve regeneration as well as in osteoarthritis, mucosal, skin and...

Few effective therapies for cartilage repair have been found as cartilage has a low regenerative capacity. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, are produced by cells and contain bioact... Lay abstract Repairing cartilage damage is challenging due to the tissue’s low regenerative capacity. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) contain bioactive components that may be able to treat cartilage i...

Background and Aim: Dengue fever, primarily transmitted by Aedes aegypti, remains a critical public health challenge in Indonesia, with periodic outbreaks exacerbated by widespread insecticide resistance. Resistance to organophosphates and pyrethroids limits vector control efforts, necessitating updated insights into resistance patterns and their genetic underpinnings. This study aimed to evaluate and map insecticide resistance and associated genetic mutations in Ae. aegypti across Indonesia, providing actionable insights for vector management strategies. Materials and Methods: This systematic review adheres to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, encompassing studies from 2010 to 2023 identified through PubMed, Scopus, EBSCOhost, and Embase. Keywords targeted Ae. aegypti, insecticide classes, resistance, and Indonesian regions. Inclusion criteria focused on field-derived populations subjected to World Health Organization bioassays for organophosphates (malathion and temefos) and pyrethroids (cypermethrin, deltamethrin, etc.), alongside analyses of knockdown resistance (kdr) mutations in the voltage-gated sodium channel (Vgsc) and acetylcholinesterase-1 (Ace-1) genes. Data synthesis included resistance trends, spatial mapping, and allele frequency analyses. Results: Resistance to malathion and temefos is extensive, with sporadic susceptibility in specific districts. Pyrethroid resistance is pervasive, particularly for cypermethrin and lambda-cyhalothrin, with deltamethrin exhibiting isolated susceptibility. Genetic analyses reveal Vgsc mutations (V1016G, F1534C) as key drivers of pyrethroid resistance, while Ace-1 mutations remain unreported. The evolution of resistance correlates with indiscriminate insecticide usage, urbanization, and climatic factors. Conclusion: The growing prevalence of insecticide resistance in Ae. aegypti underscores the urgent need for integrated vector management strategies. These should incorporate insecticide rotation, resistance monitoring, and community engagement to mitigate resistance and support sustainable dengue control efforts in Indonesia. Keywords: Aedes aegypti, dengue fever, Indonesia, insecticide resistance, knockdown resistance mutations, vector control.