This study examines how the chromatic characteristics of the Min River urban waterfront are represented in publicly circulated social media images to support place-based biophilic landscape design. Dominant-color records were extracted through pixel-level filtering and per-image K-means clustering in CIELAB space, with image-level lighting-condition interpretation and record-level landscape-element labeling assisted by a multimodal large language model and subsequently reviewed and corrected by the author. Hue distributions and five record-proportion-weighted metrics of saturation, value, vividness, chromatic dissonance, and complexity were examined through an analytical framework integrating temporal scenarios, landscape elements, and lighting conditions. The results reveal a recurrent blue–orange orientation produced by the complementary positioning of multiple landscape elements rather than by any single category. Nighttime imagery showed the highest saturation but the lowest value, whereas dawn and dusk combined relatively high saturation and value and produced the highest vividness and chromatic dissonance. Transitional illumination brought built surfaces closer to natural elements in saturation–value space, while Ward hierarchical clustering identified Color-Affinity Groups that crossed temporal, lighting-condition, and landscape-element boundaries. These findings support a relational interpretation of biophilic color as a condition-dependent configuration rather than a fixed set of element-bound hues. Weighted representative palettes provide scenario-sensitive design references. However, the findings characterize publicly circulated visual representations of the waterfront rather than calibrated physical-color measurements or direct evidence of restorative effects.
The Biophilic Quality Matrix (BQM) evaluates natural-element criteria in relation to intervention scales. This study applied its published 10 × 10 structure to examine document-supported biophilic integration in three completed Singapore hospital environments. Twenty-five trained raters independently assessed case-specific public documentation, organized under a common template, for all 100 C × S cells. Median ratings yielded hospital-specific BQM profiles for the three cases, and cross-hospital screening identified 67 shared candidate cells. Rater-level bootstrap analysis retained 47 high-stability cells at an inclusion-frequency cutoff of 0.95, and the study-defined high-priority rule further retained 18 cells with a median of 4 in at least two hospitals. Exploratory semantic organization of the retained cells distinguished criterion-anchored groups centered on plants, ecological systems, sunlight, and earthly materials from scale-anchored groups centered on direct use and on sensory perception and variability. The retained relationships were then traced across the three hospitals to documented spatial configurations, including pond–courtyard–bridge systems, water-and-plant respite gardens, planted terraces and roof gardens, landscape-facing building interfaces, and landscaped routes across the hospital campus. These spatial comparisons support candidate design interpretations for precedent analysis. The findings describe what the reviewed records support and do not establish measured environmental performance, realized user experience, restorative effects, or clinical outcomes.