Objective: This study aimed to assess knowledge and practice regarding eye injury first aid among adults in Jazan, and to identify factors associated with appropriate behavior. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 542 adults in Jazan using a structured questionnaire. Knowledge and practice scores were calculated and categorized into poor, moderate, and good levels. Results: The majority of participants demonstrated poor knowledge (60.5%), with only 26.0% showing good knowledge. While many recognized the need for medical care (60.0%), only 15.5% identified immediate irrigation after general injuries, and 35.2% identified immediate irrigation after chemical injuries. Practice was also suboptimal, with only 9.0% demonstrating good practice, despite 80.1% recognizing the seriousness of chemical injuries. Younger age was associated with better knowledge (aOR = 0.95, p-value=0.004), while higher education predicted better practice (aOR = 4.43, p-value=0.005). A weak correlation was observed between knowledge and practice (r = 0.213), whereas a strong correlation existed between practice and early management awareness (r = 0.816) (p-value

Background: Skin-lightening products (SLPs) are widely used across the Arab world, driven by deep-rooted sociocultural ideals of beauty, yet knowledge-practice gaps and associated health risks remain insufficiently studied in the Jazan region of Saudi Arabia. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 420 residents of Jazan aged ≥18 years using a validated Arabic-language online questionnaire distributed via social media platforms. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) through descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and multivariable logistic regression at a significance level of p ≤ 0.05. Results: The overall prevalence of SLP use was 43.6% (95% CI: 38.8-48.4%), and triple mixture use was reported by 17.1% of participants. Female sex was the strongest independent predictor of SLP use (OR = 3.336; 95% CI: 1.917–5.805; p < 0.001), with 62.0% of females versus 24.6% of males reporting use. The most common indication was treating spots or pigmentation (80.9%). About 64.0% did not know about health risks of high potency ingredients, and only 11.9% felt that there were satisfactory levels of community health education. Other significant factors were personal interest in skin lightening (OR = 2.634), awareness of health risks (OR = 2.114), and belief that fair skin offers better social and marital opportunities (OR = 1.863). Conclusion: The widespread use of skin lightening practices in Jazan is rooted in high levels of knowledge gaps and attitudinal and gender issues, and there is an urgent need to raise awareness, enforce regulations, and provide culturally appropriate health education.

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) remains a leading global health burden largely driven by modifiable risk factors, and public awareness plays a critical role in its prevention and early risk reduction. However, gaps in knowledge and behavioral practice persist. Objective: This study aims to assess awareness of CAD risk factors and examine its relationship with the socio-demographic characteristics, lifestyle behaviors, personal medical history, and family history among residents of the Jazan Region, Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 559 participants between April and May of 2026. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire assessing awareness of behavioral, clinical, and non-modifiable risk factors. Awareness was scored out of 12 and categorized as poor (75%). Chi-square tests were applied to analyze associations, and binary logistic regression analysis was performed to determine independent factors associated with high awareness. The results are expressed as adjusted odds ratios (aORs) with 95% confidence intervals. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05, and data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics v.29. Results: Among the 559 participants, 67.3% demonstrated high awareness, 29.9% moderate awareness, and 2.9% poor awareness of CAD risk factors. Awareness of modifiable factors was high, including smoking (96.8%), obesity (95.5%), hypertension (94.6%), and high cholesterol (93.4%), while non-modifiable factors such as family history (54.6%) and sex (60.3%) were less recognized. In the bivariate analysis, significant associations with awareness were found for age, body mass index (BMI), education, marital status, and employment status. Exercise was significantly associated with awareness (p = 0.020), with higher awareness levels observed in individuals with greater activity. High awareness was independently linked to a higher educational level (aOR = 1.76, p = 0.009) and a previous diagnosis of CAD (aOR = 6.28, p = 0.014). Conclusions: This study found moderate to high CAD risk factor knowledge among adult residents in the Jazan Region. Self-reported preventative practices differed among health behaviors, demonstrating that awareness alone may not always lead to healthy lifestyles. As the cross-sectional nature of the study precludes causal conclusions, more longitudinal, qualitative, or theory-informed research is needed to understand the drivers of healthy behavior adoption.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, yet public awareness remains limited, particularly in developing regions. Assessing awareness and its determinants is essential for effective prevention strategies. This study aim to assess the level of awareness of COPD and its risk factors among adults in the Jazan region, Saudi Arabia, and to identify factors associated with good knowledge. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 513 adults using a structured questionnaire assessing sociodemographic characteristics, smoking behaviors, environmental exposures, and COPD-related knowledge. An awareness score was developed and categorized into low, moderate, and high levels. Associations were analyzed using chi-square tests and multivariate logistic regression. Results: Only 31.4% had heard of COPD. While most identified smoking as a cause (468, 91.2%) and the lung as the affected organ (447, 87.1%), misconceptions were common: 266 (51.9%) believed COPD is rare, 187 (36.5%) thought it is curable with antibiotics, and only 192 (37.4%) recognized it as lifelong. Most participants had moderate knowledge (358, 69.8%), followed by high (112, 21.8%) and low (43, 8.4%) levels. Cigarette smoking was significantly associated with lower knowledge (34.8% vs 7.1%, p < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, male gender (aOR = 0.612, p = 0.037) and lower income were associated with poorer knowledge, while higher income predicted better awareness (aOR = 1.329, p = 0.004). Conclusion: COPD awareness in the Jazan region is suboptimal, with significant misconceptions and a disconnect between knowledge and behavior. Targeted public health interventions are needed to improve awareness and promote preventive practices.

Objective: This study aimed to assess knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding Shaken baby syndrome (SBS) among adults in the Jazan region of Saudi Arabia and to identify factors associated with higher knowledge levels. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 522 adults residing in the Jazan region between May and June 2026. Data were collected using a structured online questionnaire that assessed sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge, attitude, and practice related to SBS. Knowledge was evaluated using 24 items covering the definition, risk factors, symptoms, and complications of SBS. Knowledge levels were classified according to Bloom’s criteria as low, moderate, or high. Results: The mean knowledge score was 12.6 ± 6.9 out of 24, corresponding to an overall correct response rate of 52.6%. Low, moderate, and high knowledge levels were observed in 43.5%, 28.5%, and 28.0% of participants, respectively. Only 40.8% had previously heard of SBS. Less than one-third of participants recognized that even brief shaking can cause serious injury. Females demonstrated significantly higher knowledge levels than males (35.4% vs. 16.0%, p≤ 4.2 × 10⁻⁷). Prior awareness of SBS (odds ratio [OR]≤1.73, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.13â€"2.66), caregiver status (OR≤1.85, 95% CI: 1.20â€"2.84), and higher family income (OR≤1.38, 95% CI: 1.13â€"1.68) were independently associated with high knowledge. Conclusion: Knowledge of SBS among adults in the Jazan region was insufficient, with several important misconceptions identified. Targeted educational interventions are needed to improve awareness and support the prevention of avoidable infant injuries.