Anion exchange membrane seawater electrolysis is vital for future large-scale green hydrogen production, however enduring a huge challenge that lacks high-stable oxygen evolution reaction electrocatalysts. Herein, we report a robust OER electrocatalyst for AEMSE by integrating MXene (Ti₃C₂) with NiFe sulfides ((Ni,Fe)S₂@Ti₃C₂). The strong interaction between (Ni,Fe)S₂ and Ti₃C₂ induces electron distribution to trigger lattice oxygen mechanism, improving the intrinsic activity, and particularly prohibits the dissolution of Fe species during OER process via the Ti-O-Fe bonding effectively, achieving notable stability. Furthermore, the good retention of sulfates and the abundant groups of Ti₃C₂ provide effective Cl^- resistance. Accordingly, (Ni,Fe)S₂@Ti₃C₂ achieves high OER activity (1.598 V@2 A cm^-2) and long-term durability (1000 h) in seawater system. Furthermore, AEMSE with industrial current density (0.5 A cm^-2) and durability (500 h) is achieved by (Ni,Fe)S₂@Ti₃C₂ anode and Raney Ni cathode with electrolysis efficiency of 70% and energy consumption of 48.4 kWh kg^-1 H₂.

Paired electroreduction and electrooxidation of organics with water as a feedstock to produce value-added chemicals is meaningful. A comprehensive understanding of reaction mechanism is critical for the catalyst design and relative area development. Here, we have systematically studied the mechanism of the paired electroreduction and electrooxidation of organics on Fe-Mo-based phosphide heterojunctions. It is shown that active H* species for organic electroreduction originate from water. As for organic electrooxidation, among various oxygen species (OH*, OOH*, and O*), OH* free radicals derived from the first step of water dissociation are identified as active species. Furthermore, explicit reaction pathways and their paired advantages are proposed based on theoretical calculations. The paired electrolyzer powered by a solar cell shows a low voltage of 1.594 V at 100 mA cm⁻², faradaic efficiency of ≥99%, and remarkable cycle stability. This work provides a guide for sustainable synthesis of various value-added chemicals via paired electrocatalysis.

Development of cost-effective and highly-efficient bifunctional hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts is crucial for overall water splitting in practical utilization. Herein, we proposed a novel non-noble metal bifunctional HER/OER electrocatalyst by synergistically coupling a dual-active Co-based heterojunction (Co-CoO) with high conductive and stable two-dimensional Ti₃C₂-MXene (defined as Co-CoO/Ti₃C₂-MXene). A series of characterizations and theoretical calculations verify that the synergistic effect of metallic Co with HER activity and CoO with OER performance leads to superb bifunctional catalytic performance, and Ti₃C₂-MXene can enhance electrical conductivity and prevent the aggregation of the Co-based catalysts, thereby improving both the activity and stability. Co-CoO/Ti₃C₂-MXene presents low onset potential (η_onset) of 8 mV and Tafel slope of 47 mV·dec⁻¹ for HER (close to that of Pt/C) and η_onset of 196 mV and Tafel slope of 47 mV·dec⁻¹ for OER (superior to that of RuO₂). Assembled as an electrolyzer, Co-CoO/Ti₃C₂-MXene shows a low voltage of 1.55 V at 10 mA·cm⁻², high Faradaic efficiency and remarkable stability. It can be driven by a solar cell of ∼ 1.55 V for consecutive production of hydrogen and oxygen gases.

A 3D hierarchical V–Ni-based nitride heterojunction anchored on carbon cloth (VN@Ni₃N–Ni/CC) was designed as a promising pH-universal hydrogen evolution reaction electrocatalyst.

The electrochemical oxidation of biomass‐based organics has recently attracted attention due to its advantages of environmental friendliness, mild reaction conditions, high degree of conversion and selectivity, and high efficiency of hydrogen production coupled with the cathodic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). The key to implementing the large‐scale application of the biomass electrooxidation reaction (BEOR) depends on the rational construction of efficient catalysts, as well as the structural optimization and performance improvement of the constructed catalysts. Herein, the mechanism of the BEOR is summarized, followed by a review of the current popular non‐noble‐metal electrocatalysts. Thereafter, the relationship between structure/composition and catalytic activity is systemically discussed. Furthermore, protocols for developing an effective catalyst by modulating the electronic structure, in addition to heteroatom doping, defect engineering, and heterojunction construction, are summarized and highlighted. Finally, the limitations of the current research on the construction of efficient BEOR catalysts are summarized, methods and ideas required for in‐depth research are proposed, and the goals and future development trends of BEOR research are discussed. This is expected to provide guidance for the large‐scale application of electrochemical biomass upgrading.