RESUMO Avaliou-se a funcionalização do sistema polimérico PVC/Carbonato diante da incorporação de resíduos de borracha SBR-r. As amostras foram preparadas em um misturador interno do tipo Haake e avaliado o torque aos serem incorporados os resíduos no sistema polimérico. Nas diversas concentrações de SBR-r estudadas e considerando as condições de equilíbrio durante o processamento, as misturas foram caracterizadas através de ensaios físico-químicos e mecânicos. Nos espectros de FTIR, pode se observar que a incorporação do resíduo, mesmo nas maiores concentrações, não alterou as bandas características do PVC/CaCO3 o que pode indicar que houve apenas interação física no sistema. A resistência mecânica foi reduzida com o aumento no percentual de incorporação do resíduo de borracha ao sistema PVC/CaCO3, e observou-se uma discreta elevação na dureza do compósito. Com o aumento das incorporações verificou-se uma redução na cristalinidade dos sistemas. Os sistemas apresentaram comportamento térmicos semelhantes, com três etapas de decomposição. Tendo o sistema PVC SBR-r-25 Ca-75 apresentado maior estabilidade térmica (178 ºC). O aumento do percentual de incoporação do SBR-r ao PVCCa, provocou uma leve diminuição das temperaturas TD10% e TD50%, no entanto, para o TD90% essa redução foi mais efetiva. Os resultados obtidos na fluidez dos sistemas, foi de 93% de eficácia do índice de escoamento, em comparação ao esperado do PVCCa100. Embora o aumento da incorporação dos resíduos de borracha tenha indicado mudanças fisicos-químicas e mecânicas das caracterizações, os resultados de uma forma geral foram bastante significativos, possibilitando neste presente trabalho uma alternativa para aplicação em escala industrial dos sistemas PVC SBR-r-25 Ca-75 e PVC SBR-r-50 Ca-50.

In the face of environmental challenges stemming from the accumulation of waste glass and cement production, significant contributors to CO₂ emissions, this study explores sustainable construction alternatives by incorporating waste glass (WG) and metakaolin (MK) as partial cement substitutes. Experimental Various concrete mixes containing different percentages of WG and MK (10%, 20%, 30% for WG, and 15% for MK) were evaluated against a standard reference mix. Analyses focused on workability, compressive strength, water absorption, electrical resistivity, ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV), and chloride ion penetration. The results showed that mixes with 20WG and 30WG enhanced fluidity by 16.67%. In the hardened state, mixes with 10WG and 15MK recorded compressive strength increases of 31.5% and 25.97% at 91 days, respectively. Further tests on electrical resistivity, UPV, and chloride ion penetration indicated that WG and MK contribute to a denser and less porous concrete microstructure, improving durability against chloride ingress. Additionally, water absorption did not increase proportionally with strength, suggesting that other factors beyond porosity influence strength. These findings support the use of glass waste and metakaolin in concrete production to promote more sustainable building practices and extend the lifespan of concrete structures.

Portland cement concrete manufacturing techniques in the world have an immense variability, since each location concentrates natural resources with unique characteristics, sometimes similar, but with always different process conditions, such as: labor, equipment, environmental conditions, processing, storage, among others. The aim of this work is to develop cementitious composites partially replacing mineral admixtures by powdered glass residues, evaluating the physical-mechanical behavior through axial compression strength, as well as the production of hydrated phases through x-ray diffraction, both at 28 days. Cement, silica fume, metakaolin, powder glass residue, polycarboxylic ether-based superplasticizer, and low temperature water were used to prepare different compositions of ultra-high performance concrete. The preparation took place with the aid of a mechanical bench mixer, and the densification was carried out with the aid of an immersion vibrator in cylindrical molds 50 x 100 mm. After unshaped, the specimens received heat treatment, with isotherm at 60°C for 36 hours, followed by wet curing in a tank saturated with calcium hydroxide, until the tests of compression strength and x-ray diffraction were carried out. The results show that the composition added with the residue, replacing metakaolin, behaved in an adequate manner, with compressive strength equivalent to the reference composition (silica fume + metakaolin), as well as the production of the same hydrated compounds. However, the application of only the glass residue or metakaolin reduced the intensity of the pozzolanic reactions, justified by the presence of a high content of calcium hydroxide in the compositions, which allows us to conclude that the powder glass residue presents viability as a filler, when replacing metakaolin in the presence of silica fume, as it does not compromise the performance of the mixtures made.

In this study, we aimed to characterise soils of three sedimentary deposits used as raw material sources for ceramic industries located in the Brazilian semi-arid region. The samples were collected in deposits located in the cities of Barra de São Miguel, Juazeirinho and Santa Cecília. They were named, prepared and submitted to tests to determine the mineralogical, chemical, physical and thermal characteristics using the XRD, EDX, Casagrande, granulometric analysis, TG and DTA. The soils presented compositions containing quartz, alumina and hematite, predominantly with about 90% of the total, with well-defined peaks in the diffractograms confirming the statement, and averages of plasticity and granulometric distribution that fit them as silt-clay. When heated to 1000 °C, fire losses were 17%, 16% and 29% for samples from Barra de São Miguel, Juazeirinho and Santa Cecília, respectively, which is due to the dehydration and burning of organic matter. Thus, they have met the requirements of the Brazilian standards that deal to produce sealing (with sintering) and soil-cement bricks (by pressing). The studied deposits offer satisfactory raw material for the ceramics industry and can provide soil for soil-cement brick (ecological bricks) production.

Glass-ceramic foams (BVZ: bottle glass waste–zirconia residue–bentonite) were produced using the polymeric replica method from low-cost raw materials, comprising approximately 85 wt% bottle glass waste and zirconia residue, and 15 wt% regional bentonite. To evaluate the effect of zirconia residue on the microstructure and physicochemical properties of the BVZ foams, aqueous precursor suspensions were prepared with varying proportions of bottle glass waste (59.7–69.7 wt%) and zirconia residue (14.9–19.9 wt%), and sintered at 750 °C, 800 °C, and 850 °C. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed a reduction of the amorphous halo (15–35° 2θ) and an increase in crystallinity with increasing temperature, indicating devitrification of the glassy matrix. The main crystalline phases identified were zircon (ZrSiO₄), nepheline (NaAlSiO₄), AlPO₄, and zirconia (ZrO₂), with evidence of minor domains structurally compatible with NASICON-type phases (NaZr₂(PO₄)₃). In general, glass-ceramic foams produced with high waste content showed greater densification and reduced porosity at 850 °C. The mechanical strength was sufficient for handling and assembly in electrochemical cell components, while the reduced brittleness supports safe processing and indicates potential for scalable manufacturing.

The lanthanide ion complexes have luminescence properties as they provide a wide potential for applications. In this work the Ln(β-dic)₃L complexes (where Ln = Eu⁺³, Er⁺³ and Nd⁺³, β-dic = 4,4,4-trifluoro-1-phenyl-1,3-butanedione (HBtfa) and L = 1,10-Phenanthroline (Phen) were synthesized from reaction direct of LnCl₃ with β-diketone and the ligand Phen. The reaction lanthanide salts with organic ligands originates or three solid complexes: [Eu(HBtfa)₃Phen , Er(HBtfa)₃Phen and Nd(HBtfa)₃Phen], which differ from the differences of lanthanide salts and ligands, suggesting the occurrence of coordination between lanthanide ions and organic ligands. Thus, the complexes were characterized by solubility test, absorption spectroscopy in the infrared region (FT-IR), X- ray diffraction (XRD). Based on the properties verified, the solubility test was found that the complexes are not chlorine-water and these were quite soluble and acetone. However, the complexes must present good solubility in solution and high stability, photochemical physiological conditions and kinetics under physiological conditions, in addition to not changing their biological structural and chemical properties. Thus, aims at the synthesis and characterization of complex studies of lanthanide ions with β-diketone and 1,10-phenanthroline in the perspective of studying biological applications and drugs with antitumor activities..