BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has affected healthcare systems worldwide. The effect of the pandemic on emergency general surgery patients remains unknown. OBJECTIVE: To reveal the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on mortality and morbidity among emergency general surgery cases. DESIGN AND SETTING: Data on patients who were admitted to the emergency department of a tertiary hospital in Samsun, Turkey, and had consultations at the general surgery clinic were analyzed retrospectively. METHODS: Our study included comparative analysis on two groups of patients who received emergency general surgery consultations in our hospital: during the COVID-19 pandemic period (Group 2); and on the same dates one year previously (Group 1). RESULTS: There were 195 patients in Group 1 and 132 in Group 2 (P < 0.001). While 113 (58%) of the patients in Group 1 were women, only 58 (44%) were women in Group 2 (P = 0.013). Considering all types of diagnosis, there was no significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.261). The rates of abscess and delayed abdominal emergency diseases were higher in Group 2: one case (0.5%) versus ten cases (8%); P < 0.001. The morbidity rate was higher in Group 2 than in Group 1: three cases (1.5%) versus nine cases (7%); P = 0.016. CONCLUSIONS: The COVID-19 pandemic has decreased the number of unnecessary nonemergency admissions to the emergency department, but has not delayed patients’ urgent consultations. The pandemic has led surgeons to deal with more complicated cases and greater numbers of complications.

Objective: For recurrence of hepatic hydatid, cysts overlooked during surgery, secondary cysts due to the spread of cystic fluid, late postoperative hydatid cyst formation and inadequate treatment are recommended. Factors affecting recurrence were investigated in cases with recurrence. In this retrospective study, data on 199 patients with hepatic hydatid disease treated by surgery in our hospital, between January 1993 and December 2018 were reviewed.Methods: In this study, patients who were operated for hepatic hydatid disease; The relationship between cyst diameters, cyst stages, number of cysts and recurrence was investigated.Results: 84 patients were male and 115 were female. Most of the cases (189 patients- 88.06 %) treated by conservative surgical methods. Remaining’s (8 patients-4.3 %) had total cystectomy or segmental hepatectomy. Recurrence rate was found 5.47%. In that cases, primary operations were done by us, there was no significant differences between cysts’ stages and recurrences. There was not significantly differences between cysts’ number and recurrences, except the patients had 2 cysts (z=2.17, p=0.03).Conclusion: The best way of prevention of the recurrence of hepatic hydatid cysts are complete diagnosis of cysts' classification, localization, and medico-surgical combination. Perioperative medical treatment must be start three days ago before the operation and should be continued for at least 6 months.

Although the gallbladder is the most common site of ectopic liver, it has been reported in many other organs, such as kidney, adrenal glands, pancreas, omentum, stomach, esophagus, mediastinum, lungs, and heart. Hepatocytes in an ectopic liver behave like normal hepatocytes; furthermore, they can be associated with the same pathological findings as those in the main liver. Ectopic liver in the gallbladder can undergo fatty change, hemosiderosis, cholestasis, cirrhosis, hemangioma, focal nodular hyperplasia, adenoma, and even carcinogenesis. The incidence of extracapsular hepatic adenoma is not known, but only two cases have been reported. Here, we provide the first case report of synchronous multiple intracapsular and extracapsular hepatic adenomas. A 60-year-old woman with multiple hepatic adenomas and one 7 × 5 × 5 cm ectopic hepatic adenoma attached to the gallbladder fundus complicated with abdominal pain is presented.

Following the spread of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, surgical associations have issued their different recommendations for managing the acute cholecystitis (AC) clinic during the pandemic. We aimed to examine the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic period on our clinical approach in patients who presented to the emergency department with abdominal pain and were diagnosed with AC. Medical records of patients diagnosed with AC in the emergency room between 11 March 2020 and 10 March 2021 and in the same period of one year before the pandemic were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were divided into 2 groups as COVID-19 period (Group 1) and non-COVID period (Group 2). Demographics and clinical characteristics, treatment modalities, and outcomes of these two groups were compared. The number of patients diagnosed with AC in the emergency department decreased during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. When the time between the onset of the complaints and the admission to the emergency service was evaluated, no statistically significant difference was found between the groups (p>0.05). The distribution of cholecystitis type and TG18 severity grading for AC were similar in both groups (p>0.05). While percutaneous cholecystostomy (PC) is more preferred in the treatment of AC during the pandemic period and the number of delayed interval laparoscopic cholecystectomy decreased, AC management was similar in both periods with no significant statistical difference (P>0.05). In conclusion, our clinical approach and management in the treatment of AC did not differ when compared to the pre-pandemic period.

Lower gastrointestinal bleeding is a prevalent issue in the general population, particularly among older adults. Identifying risk factors is essential for

Acute appendicitis in pregnancy is a condition that can cause both maternal and fetal complications, and in patients who have decided to undergo surgery, laparoscopic appendectomy (LA) or open surgery (laparotomy appendectomy [LAA]) options are available. In this study, we aim to shed light on the relative advantages and disadvantages of the 2 surgical techniques. This retrospective study included 56 pregnant patients (15 LA, 41 LAA) who underwent surgery with the diagnosis of appendicitis at Ondokuz Mayis University Medical Faculty Hospital between 2015 and 2025. Demographic data, gestational age, duration of surgery, duration of hospital stay, complications, and birth outcomes of the patients were examined. Patients with pregnancy complications were not included in the study. The most striking finding in our study is that preterm birth was not observed in the LA group. In contrast, a 24.4% preterm birth rate was observed in the LAA group (P: .035). No significant difference was found between the 2 groups in terms of neonatal parameters such as gestational age, postnatal Apgar score, and birth weight. Although our findings are consistent with other studies on the reliability of the laparoscopic approach in pregnancy, the fact that the laparoscopic approach is preferred more in the early weeks of pregnancy in our center and our small sample size are the limitations of our study. Our study shows that LA is a safe option in appropriately selected pregnant women. These findings need to be supported by larger sample, multicenter studies.