Background and Aims: Hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remain significant global public health issues despite advances in their diagnosis and treatment. Our country is in a medium endemic region for HBV. Reactivation can occur during or after immunosuppressive therapy. Therefore, screening patients before treatment is crucial to prevent reactivation. However, pretreatment screening is often insufficiently emphasized in studies. This study aimed to assess the incidence of HBV and pretreatment screening rates in patients with solid organ tumors at our center. Methods: We included patients aged over 18 years who were treated for solid organ tumors at our center between January 2016 and January 2022. Data on age, sex, histopathological diagnosis, and serological parameters were retrospectively collected. Appropriate HBV screening was defined as the assessment of HBsAg, anti-HBs, and anti-HBc IgG levels prior to the initiation of immunosuppressive therapy. Results: In our study, HBsAg testing was requested for 13.3% of the patients, and anti-HCV testing was requested for 13.3%. Among the patients screened for HBV and HCV, the prevalence rates of HBV and HCV infection were 3.3% and 1%, respectively. Conclusions: Our findings reveal inadequate screening rates for HBV and HCV among patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy. Increasing awareness about screening and implementing regular educational programs are crucial to protect patients from reactivation.

Background and Objectives: Bilateral adrenalectomy (BADx) is a definitive treatment for diverse adrenal disorders, though data across etiologies remain limited. This multicenter study evaluated perioperative risks, long-term survival, and shifts in comorbidities in patients undergoing BADx for Cushing’s syndrome (CS) and non-CS indications. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 103 adult patients (CS, n = 52; non-CS, n = 51) from 9 tertiary centers. Primary outcomes included early (≤30 days) and late mortality, complications (adrenal crisis, Nelson’s syndrome), and changes in comorbidity profiles. Results: The cohort (mean age 50.59 ± 13.82 years) had a median follow-up of 96 months. Early mortality occurred exclusively in CS patients (5.8%), while late mortality was comparable between groups. Overall 5-year survival rates were 83.3% for CS and 89.9% for non-CS (p = 0.360), with no significant differences across CS etiologies (p = 0.760). Adrenal crisis was significantly more frequent in CS (23% vs. 7%, p = 0.023). Nelson’s syndrome developed in 28% of Cushing’s disease patients. Postoperatively, both cohorts showed increased reliance on psychiatric and cardiovascular medications. Notably, osteoporosis rates were significantly higher than preoperative levels exclusively in the non-CS group (p = 0.006), highlighting the impact of long-term glucocorticoid replacement in this cohort. Two patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia demonstrated remarkable long-term survival (8 and 30 years) across different surgical timings. Conclusions: BADx delivers rapid systemic remission and definitive control across a range of adrenal pathologies. However, the primary cause and the timing of surgery significantly impact the clinical course and the risk of complications. The resulting state of irreversible adrenal insufficiency requires comprehensive, lifelong surveillance and tailored hormone replacement.